Njengengxenye yochungechunge lwethu lokhetho olugxile ezindabeni zezombusazwe zango-2016 ezingabikwanga kangako ngabezindaba abavamile, sibuze u-Alicia Garza, umsunguli we-Black Lives Matter, ukuze alinganise ngemicabango yakhe ezindabeni ezihlobene nobuhlanga nokucwasa eMelika namuhla.
I-Black Lives Matter yaqala njenge-hashtag ngo-2013 ephendula ukuhoxiswa kukaGeorge Zimmerman ngokudutshulwa kubulawe insizwa yase-Afrika-yaseMelika uTrayvon Martin. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi ikhule yaba inhlangano yomhlaba wonke enezahluko eziningi nezinye izinhlangano. Ngo-Agasti, i-Movement for Black Lives, iqoqo lamaqembu obulungiswa bezinhlanga angama-50 kanye nabantu abasebenza ngaphansi kwesambulela se-Black Lives Matter, kwembula. inkundla yayo yenqubomgomo ejulile, โUmbono Ngezimpilo Zabamnyama.โ
Kulokhu kushintshana nge-imeyili, u-Garza ukhuluma ngezinselelo ezibhekene nenhlangano, ukuxhumana kwakamuva kukaDonald Trump kubavoti abamnyama nokuthi abantu bazo zonke izinhlanga bangayisekela kanjani kangcono imigomo yeBlack Lives Matter. Kodwa okokuqala, uphendula ezigamekweni zakamuva zokudubula zamaphoyisa zamadoda amnyama.
U-Karin Kamp: Ungakwazi yini ukuqala ngokusinikeza indlela osabela ngayo ekubulaweni kwamaphoyisa kwakamuva kukaTerence Crutcher eTulsa noKeith Lamont Scott eCharlotte?
U-Alicia Garza: Indlela engisabela ngayo ekudutshulweni kukaTerence Crutcher no-Keith Scott ingenye yokudumala nokunengeka ngokuphelele. Imithandazo yami iphumela emindenini yabo nakubantu ababathandayo, okumele babukele ukushona kothandiweyo wabo kaningi eziteshini zezindaba eziningi. Nami iyangijabulisa impendulo. Le nhlangano ye-Black Lives Matters iyaphila, futhi isebenza ndawonye, โโโโngikholelwa ukuthi singakha umhlaba lapho ungekho omunye umndeni okufanele ubhekane nalolu hlobo lokuhlukumezeka nobudlova.
I-Kamp: I-Movement for Black Lives isanda kwethula inkundla yayo yenqubomgomo. Ufunani?
I-Garza: Sifuna iphele impi yabantu abamnyama kuleli nasemhlabeni jikelele. Inkundla igxile ekuqedeni ukuhlasela okubonakala kungapheli okubhekene nemiphakathi yabamnyama emhlabeni jikelele. Inkundla yenqubomgomo isho ngokucacile esikufunayoโ ukubuyisela, A iphele impi yabantu abamnyama, ubulungiswa bezomnotho, A ukutshalwa kwezimali ekusaseni lethu kanye ne-divestment ekubhujisweni kwethu, ukulawula umphakathi futhi amandla ezepolitiki.
I-Kamp: Njengoba i-Black Lives Matter ishintshile isuka ku-hashtag yaya ekubeni yinhlangano egcwele ngokugcwele yokumela ipolitiki, yiziphi izinselelo obhekene nazo?
I-Garza: Ngicabanga ukuthi izinselelo zethu manje wukwakha nokugcina ingqalasizinda isikhathi eside. Inselele eyodwa enkulu ukuthi kunezinhlangano ezingaphezu kuka-50 kanye nabantu abaningi nezikhungo ezihlanganisa i-Movement for Black Lives, kodwa nokho yonke into nawo wonke umsebenzi onamandla kakhulu nohlukahlukene โawubonakaliโ ngaphansi kwe-Black Lives Matter. Kuyangikhathaza lokho ngoba kungikhombisa ukuthi nakuba le nhlangano enamandla ikhula futhi ithuthuka eminyakeni engaphezu kwemithathu ivele, abezindaba abakenzi okwanele ukuqonda ukuhlukahluka kwenhlangano.
Enye into ezwakala ibalulekile lapha ukuthi i-Black Lives Matter's evolution ayilula njenge-hashtag eya ekukhulumeni. I-Black Lives Matter yavela ku-hashtag yaya kunethiwekhi yokuxhumana nabantu eku-inthanethi yaba inethiwekhi yezombusazwe esematheni manje esakaza imbulunga yonke. Nakulokhu, ukwenziwa lula kweBlack Lives Matter kuyinkinga ngoba kukhombisa ukuthi mkhulu umsebenzi okufanele wenziwe ukuze abezindaba kanye nomphakathi baqonde izici zalo mbutho. Ukumela ipolitiki bekukhona kusukela ekuqaleni. Ukuthi ngabe i-Dream Defenders kanye ne-Power U bethatha i-capitol yesifunda saseFlorida [futhi] befuna kuqedwe imithetho โyokumela wenaโ, noma abaholi abavela eFerguson behlangana noMongameli Obama ukuze bafune izinyathelo ngobulungiswa bezinhlanga nezomnotho, lokho kuye kwabangela ukuba kuqhutshekwe nomthetho. yenzeka isikhathi eside.
Umbono oyiphutha omkhulu mayelana ne-Black Lives Matter ukuthi i-BLM iyinhlangano eyodwa nje; I-Black Lives Matter iyinhlangano kanye nenethiwekhi. Siyingxenye yomnyakazo, kodwa asiwona umnyakazo. Lo mnyakazo uhlukene futhi uyadlondlobala, futhi kunomsebenzi omningi obalulekile phakathi kwawo okumele abantu bazi ngawo. Sidinga abezindaba ababika ngomsebenzi esiwenzayo ukuthi bacophelele futhi bahluzeke ekuchazeni kwabo ukuthi singobani nokuthi senzani.
Kamp: Ucabangani ngemizamo yakamuva kaDonald Trump yokuwina abavoti abamnyama?
I-Garza: UDonald Trump ubambe iqhaza emsebenzini omningi we-stunt njengamanje ukuze anxuse abavoti abamnyama - kepha ngokwenza lokho ukhombisa ukucwasa kwakhe. Ubiza njalo abantu abamnyama ngokuthi โlabo bantu,โ noma โabanyeโ - abantu abamnyama njengabahlukile kuye nakubasekeli bakhe. Sekukonke, uDonald Trump unxusa abantu abafuna ukubukwa ngendlela uDonald Trump ababona ngayo. Kodwa-ke, ngingasho ukuthi u-Trump akaphumelelanga futhi uzoqhubeka engaphumeleli ekunqobeni abavoti abamnyama.
Kamp: Abanye benhlangano iBlack Lives Matter bathi ngeke bavote ukukhombisa ukungeneliseki ngesinqumo sikamongameli. Uyavumelana naleso sinqumo?
I-Garza: Enye yezinto ezinhle ngomnyakazo ukuthi kunamasu amaningi kanye namaqhinga amaningi aqukethwe kuwo. Akubona bonke abahlanganyeli embuthweni odingekayo ukuthi benze izinto ezifanayo ncamashi. Ngikuqonda kahle ukuthi kungani abanye bethi ngeke bavote ngoba bengagculisekile ngokukhethwa kukamongameli. Akusona isinqumo engisithathayo, kodwa ngiyaqonda ukuthi kungani abantu bezizwa benganelisekile ngalokho okubizwa ngokuthi ukukhetha okuphambi kwethu. Futhi, ngenkathi ngisiqonda leso sikhundla, ngisibona ngendlela ehlukile.
Ngicabanga ukuthi ukwakha amandla epolitiki kumele kuvele ngaphandle nangaphakathi. Okusho ukuthi, kufanele sakhe ezinye izindlela zepolitiki esikhundleni sohlelo olukhona, futhi kufanele sizame ukuba nomthelela kulokho okwenzeka ohlelweni olukhona. Kimina, uhlelo olukhona aluyona into esiyifunayo ekugcineni, futhi ngeke luhlangabezane nezidingo zabantu abamnyama. Ukungahlanganyeli ohlelweni akusho ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuthi izowohloka. Kufanele wenziwe umsebenzi wokuqinisekisa ukuthi lezo zinhlelo ziyaguqulwa, noma ukuthi izinhlelo ezintsha ziyakhiwa. Okwamanje, ngenkathi sakha lokho esifuna ukukubona ekugcineni, izigidi zabantu bethu zisabambe iqhaza ohlelweni olukhona. Ngakho umsebenzi wethu uwukuqinisekisa ukuthi abantu bakithi banethonya futhi banomthelela kulokho okwenzekayo - ohlelweni olukhona nasezinhlelweni esizakhayo njengezinye izindlela. Ngakho indlela yami iwukuba kokubili futhi, hhayi noma noma.
I-Kamp: I-Black Lives Matter ichazwe ngokuthi "hhayi inhlangano kamkhulu wakho yamalungelo abantu," ukuze kuhlukaniswe amaqhinga ayo nefilosofi yawo kulawo omzabalazo wesitayela sama-1960s. Ukunyakaza kwakho kwehluke kanjani?
I-Garza: Lezi izikhathi ezihluke kakhulu kunalezo zenkathi yokugcina yamalungelo abantu. Lokho akusho ukuthi siyayilahla imibono, amaqhinga noma amasu angaleso sikhathi. Siyawenqaba amasu namaqhinga ashiye abanye abantu ngemuva - abesifazane, abantu abayizixhwanguxhwangu, abantu abashintshashintshayo ngisho nabampofu ngandlela thize. Nokho ngicabanga ukuthi abaningi bethu bayakwamukela futhi basize ekuqhubekiseleni phambili umbono hhayi nje kusukela esikhathini sokugcina samalungelo omphakathi, kodwa kusukela ezizukulwaneni zokwakhiwa kwenhlangano abantu abamnyama abebehamba phambili kukho.
I-Kamp: Ngo-Ephreli i-Gallup poll bathole ukuthi amaphesenti angu-35 abantu baseMelika bakhathazekile ngobudlelwane bobuhlanga e-US, kusukela kumaphesenti angu-17 ngo-2014. Yini ongathanda ukubona abantu bezinye izinhlanga beyenza ukuze basekele inhlangano?
I-Garza: Ngiyafisa ukubona abantu bezinye izinhlanga bewuseka kakhulu lo mbutho ngokuthi baphushe izishayamthetho zabo ukuthi zithathele izinyathelo Umbono Wezimpilo Ezimnyama, ukusiphula ngenkuthalo ukucwasa ngokobuhlanga, ukuzonda abantu bobulili obufanayo kanye ne-transphobia emakhaya abo, ezindaweni zokusebenza, ezikoleni nasezindaweni zokukhulekela. Lokho kungenza lukhulu ukusiza ukuthuthukisa lo mnyakazo.
Karin Kamp uyintatheli kanye nomkhiqizi we-multimedia. Ukhiqize okuqukethwe kwe-BillMoyers.com, MANJE ku-PBS kanye nomsakazo womphakathi we-WNYC futhi wasebenza njengentatheli ye-Swiss Radio International. Uphinde wasiza ukwethula i-Story Exchange, isiza esinikezelwe kwezamabhizinisi abesifazane.
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