Imibhikisho emelene nohulumeni eyenzeka kulo lonke elaseRussia ngoFebhuwari 4 ikhombise ukuthi ukungeneliseki ezweni akufi naphezu kwamakhaza asebusika kanye nomkhankaso kahulumeni wenkulumo-ze onamandla. Impumelelo yokugqugquzelwa kwabantu abaningi yayiphawuleka ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokwehluleka okusobala kwemicimbi esemthethweni eyayibanjwe ukuzama ukuphikisa imibhikisho esekela intando yeningi. Umbuthano wokusekela uVladimir Putin wawubanjelwe eMoscow ePoklonnaya Gora (indawo yokushisekela izwe ebheke endaweni lapho iMpi yaseBorodino yalwelwa khona ngo-1812, impi lapho ibutho laseRussia lacishe lamisa khona imashi kaNapoleon eMoscow). Iziphathimandla zikahulumeni zazama kanzima ukwenza abantu bahambele lo mhlangano, befaka ingcindezi kubasebenzi besabisa ngokuphelelwa umsebenzi futhi bethembisa amabhonasi. Intsha nabahola impesheni banikezwa ama-ruble angu-500 umuntu ngamunye ukuze bachithe ihora emakhazeni ashubisa umnkantsha. Okuhle kwaba wukuthi ngemuva komhlangano kusuke umsindo nehlazo abantu bethuka izanya befuna imali yabo.
Amamashi emadolobheni ezifundazwe ayengemnandi kangako kunemibhikisho yaseMoscow naseSt. Petersburg, kodwa ayemikhulu kakhulu kunalokho okwakulindelwe. Lezi zenzakalo kufanele zicacisele iziphathimandla ukuthi umkhankaso wazo wenkulumo-ze awunamandla onke. Kungase kwenzeke ukwenza abantu bakholwe ukuthi imibhikisho eminingi e-Egypt, Italy noma Ukraine yayiwumphumela wohlobo oluthile lokukhohlisa noma ukufumbathisa. Kodwa abakwazi ukukholisa abantu ukuthi ukunganeliseki kwabo kuwumphumela wetulo elithile labantu bangaphandle. Umuntu angase akholelwe ukuthi abanye bayaphuma bayobhikisha ukuze bathole imali, kodwa ngeke akukholelwe lokho ngaye—ngoba uyazi ukuthi akekho omkhokhelayo.
Uhulumeni ubona ukuthi inkulumo-ze yakhe ayisasebenzi, kodwa usacabanga ukuthi kuyindaba nje yokuthola amasu athile, asebenzayo. Licabanga ukuthi liyalahleka ngenxa yokuthi inkulumo-ze yolunye uhlangothi ingcono, hhayi ngoba lokho elizimele ngakho kubhujiswe umlando.
Izikhulu zikholelwa emangeni azo futhi zithathwa yizinganekwane ezizenzile. Bacabanga ngobuqotho ukuthi akekho okwazi ukwenza izenzo eziqaphelayo, ezinengqondo, ukuthi awukho umphakathi wangempela okhona, nokuthi okuwukuphela kweqiniso izixuku ezingenangqondo ezingakhohliswa. Futhi abaphenduli emibhikishweni hhayi ngezinguquko zezombusazwe kodwa ngemizamo eyengeziwe yokukhohlisa. Badonsa abantu abangafuni ukutshengisela ukusekela uhulumende, bebaphoqa ukuthi bame endaweni eqandayo, beqalekisa uhulumende obenze lenhlekisa. Lezi zikhulu aziboni ukuthi ngale ndlela zivele zizibuthele izitha ezintsha—izitha ezizoba nolaka kakhulu kunalezo manje ezimasha emigwaqweni zingaphansi kwezimpawu ezimelene nohulumeni.
Uhulumeni ukhohliwe ukubala. Ngokuqinisekile, inenzuzo ephakeme izikhathi eziningi ngokwemithombo engasetshenziselwa inkulumo-ze nokukhohlisa. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ingakanani imali ama-neoliberal aseRussia kanye nabasekeli bawo bakwamanye amazwe abangase bayichithe emisebenzini ephikisayo, uhulumeni waseRussia akachithi izikhathi eziyishumi kodwa ngokuphindwe kayikhulu—uma kungenjalo ngokuphindwe kayinkulungwane. Futhi akufanele kucatshangwe ukuthi amadoda kahulumeni we-PR nabanye abasakaza inkulumo-ze babi kakhulu. Iqiniso liwukuthi abantu abafanayo bahilelekile, bewela njalo besuka kolunye uhlangothi baye kolunye, baye kunoma yiluphi uhlangothi olukhokha kangcono. Uma uhulumeni ehlulwa yimpi yolwazi, akungenxa yokuthi akazi ukuthi impi enjalo ingenziwa kanjani.
Umphakathi usushintshile. Impilo isishintshile. Nohulumeni ngokwawo ushintshile. Ilahlekelwe amandla okuqonda nokulawula izinqubo ezenzeka ezweni lethu.
Abasekeli bakahulumeni abavulelekile baye baxoshwa. Lokhu kuphoqe isikhulu ukuthi sibize izindawo zokugcina zokugcina—abagxeki “bezokuphepha,” labo ngaphambili ababevunyelwe ukukhuluma amazwi aqinile ezikrinini ze-TV inqobo nje uma lawo mazwi engashayi ekhaya noma engalimazi muntu. Abashisekeli bobuzwe, abahlaziyi abasitshela mayelana nempumelelo yenkathi yamaSoviet, amadoda afundile awazi amaqiniso amaningi ngaphandle kokuxhumana phakathi kwalawo maqiniso—bonke laba bantu manje sebebuthelwa ukuvikela uPutin. Kodwa kuvela ukuthi akubona bonke abantu abanjalo abaningi. Sesiyawazi amagama abo ezinhlelweni zikahulumeni zethelevishini—uSergei Kurginyan noMaxim Shevchenko, uDmitry Rogozin no-Anatoly Vasserman. Empeleni lelo yilo lonke “iqembu lensimbi” elihlelelwe ukulwa nombono womphakathi. Futhi kule mpi, kakade sebelahlekelwe ukwethembeka kwabo kwezombangazwe kuphela kodwa nedumela labo lomuntu siqu.
Kwakumangalisa ukulalela uKurginyan ebikezela ngobusuku bangaphambi kwemibhikisho kaFebhuwari ukuthi, ngaphandle kokwehluleka, abahleli bombhikisho bazocela ukungenelela kwamanye amazwe eRussia. Futhi-ke-kubuza u-Kurginyan-abahlanganyeli bombhikisho bazobukeka kanjani? Kodwa manje (njengoba kungekho muntu owabiza ukungenelela kwamanye amazwe) i-Kurginyan ibukeka kanjani?
Umzamo onzima kakhulu wokubuyisa lolu hlelo wenziwe nguNdunankulu u-Putin ngokwakhe ngesikhathi sohambo lwakhe lokukhankasela ezifundeni ezahlukahlukene zaseRussia. Yena nabahleli bomkhankaso wakhe wokhetho bazama ukwenza umehluko phakathi kokunganeliseki kwezigaba ezimaphakathi emadolobheni amakhulu (eMoscow naseSt. Petersburg) kanye nokwethembeka kwezisebenzi zesifundazwe. Abahlaziyi be-neoliberal ababethukile baqala ngokushesha ukukhala “ngenxele” likahulumeni, kodwa ukwesaba kwabo kwakungenasisekelo. Phela uPutin akenzanga lutho ngaphandle kokwenza izinto ezingacacile. Ukuze umuntu azisekele esigabeni sabasebenzi, kufanele enze okungaphezu kokuxosha abasebenzi abakhathele, lapho amashifu abo esephelile, ukubamba iqhaza ezenzakalweni ezisemthethweni noma, esimweni esihle kakhulu, ukubathembisa amabhonasi noma isikhathi esengeziwe sokuphumula. Okumele kuguqulwe akuzona izinkulumo kodwa yimigomo. Esikhundleni sokuhlanganisa imibuthano esekela uhulumeni, ongqongqoshe bakahulumeni kumele basuswe ezikhundleni zabo. Esikhundleni sokuphikisana ngokuthi abantu bayameseka uhulumeni, okudingekayo ukuthi izinguquko ze-neoliberal zeminyaka engamashumi amabili edlule, ezinenzondo kubantu, ziguqulwe ngempela. Kepha uhulumeni kaPutin ngeke akwenze lokhu, ngoba ingqikithi yawo ivezwa kulezo zinguquko ze-neoliberal. Kwakungenxa yalezo zinguquko lapho kwasungulwa uhlelo lokubusa olumelwe uPutin, lwahlotshiswa ngesiqubulo esithi “intando yeningi ephethwe.”
Indida iwukuthi namuhla emadolobheni amakhulu abameleli bengxenye ephumelelayo yesigaba esiphakathi, labo abasekela izinqubomgomo zikahulumeni, empeleni baye bavukela uhulumeni. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi i-oda elikhona lizobhujiswa. Uma lolu hlelo lungasekelwa ngisho nayilabo abahlomula ngokuyikho kulo, kuyokwenzekani uma sekuvuke umbhejazane walabo okuqondiswe kubo ngempela imigomo kahulumeni?
Ukuhlubuka okunjalo kwesigaba sabasebenzi akukaveli ngokugcwele kuze kube manje kuphela ngenxa yokuthi labo abaphansi basangenzi lutho, bechotshozwa ubunzima bezinkinga zabo, behlushwa umzabalazo wansuku zonke wokuphila, bencishwa ilungelo lokuba nezabo zezombusazwe. amaqembu kanye nezinyunyana zabasebenzi ezikhululekile ezizimele ngaphandle kukahulumeni. Kuze kube manje, inzondo yabo ngemibuthano ebusayo iye yakha ngendlela yentukuthelo efihliwe futhi engakhulumi. Ukuzihlela kuwumsebenzi onzima. Ukungenzi lutho nokwesaba akunqotshwa ngesikhathi esisodwa. Kepha uhulumeni uqobo uphoqa abantu abasebenza emigwaqweni, ebafaka kwezepolitiki. Okuholela, ngokungangabazeki, ekubhujisweni kwayo.
Iziphathimandla zizama ukusenza sikholelwe ukuthi impilo yethu yonke iboshwe noPutin, ngaphandle kwakhe konke kuzohamba kabi futhi kubhidlizwe. Iqembu eliphikisayo le-neoliberal licabanga cishe ngendlela efanayo. Owangaphambili unika undunankulu izimfanelo zikaNkulunkulu; laba bamudimoni. Uhulumeni wesaba ushintsho futhi akakwazi ukuzivikela nganoma iyiphi indlela ngaphandle kokubamba u-Putin ngokuqinile kunanini ngaphambili, ngaleyo ndlela ebonisa ukungabi namandla kanye nobuthakathaka bakhe, futhi empeleni ukuwa kwenqubomgomo yokuqinisa amashumi eminyaka, imiphumela yayo ayizange noma yiziphi izindlela eziholela ezikhungweni zezombangazwe ezizinzile. Ngokuqondene nabaholi abaphikisayo be-neoliberal kanye nemihlambi yabo, uPutin udingeka kakhulu kubo—ukuchaza amaphutha nokwehluleka kohlelo bona ngokwabo abalubheka njengolufanele kuphela.
Uma uPhuthini engasuka endaweni yesigameko, kuzobonakala ukuthi akayona inkinga. I-Capitalism yiyona. Akuyona indaba “yamasela namasela” kodwa ngonxiwankulu kanye nohlelo lwezimakethe. Inkinga akuyona inkohlakalo kodwa i-neoliberalism. Enqubeni efanayo, kokubili uhulumeni kanye nabaphikisayo baxoshwa kanyekanye.
Ukuphikiswa (kokubili ngaphakathi kohlelo futhi, ngokwezinga elithile, ngaphandle kwalo) kwakungewona amandla ahlela ukumelana komphakathi nohulumeni. Kanye nohulumeni, abaphikisi bahlomule ngendlela engathandeki ezenzweni zomphakathi.
Ukuvuka komphakathi kuhambisana nokuqwashisa okwandayo kokungqubuzana phakathi kwezithakazelo zeningi kanye nalezo zezikhulu zezombangazwe ezithi zikhuluma egameni labantu, egameni leningi. Ikomiti elihlelayo lemibhikisho yaseMoscow liye lavusa intukuthelo ekhulayo, ephumela obala manje. Futhi lapho iqembu eliphikisayo liziphatha ngamandla abaholi balo bamanje, kukhulu ukudumazeka ngalabo baholi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi benzani noma bathini.
Ngoba inkinga ilele esimweni ngokwaso. Ebukhoneni “bobumbene obubanzi bezakhamizi,” obungahlanganisi lutho ngaphandle kwesifiso sabaholi abahlukene bamaqembu aphikisayo sokusebenzisa le nkinga kahulumeni ukufeza ezabo izinhloso. Ngoba ukhetho olunobulungiswa nokwethembeka esimweni samanje sezwe lethu luyisimangaliso; azinakwenzeka “ngaphakathi futhi ngokwazo.” Ngenxa yokuthi imiphumela yokhetho engamanga ayiyona imbangela yokunganeliseki, izinqubomgomo zikahulumeni ziyimbangela. Ngoba ukhetho lomgunyathi akusona isizathu semibhikisho. Bayizaba nje, futhi wonke umuntu uyakwazi lokho, kokubili labo abasesiteji sezikhulumi nalabo abasesixukwini.
Ikhwelo “lokhetho oluqotho” lizophelelwa yisikhathi maduzane, kanjalo namathemba okuthi uhulumeni, ngemva kokubuka esibukweni sokubhikisha kwabantu abaningi futhi ethukile, uzozilungisa. Esikudingayo khulula okhethweni, hhayi “oluqotho”. Futhi lokho akunakwenzeka ngaphansi kwesimiso samanje, ngamaqembu nosopolitiki banamuhla. Incazelo yoguquko lwangempela akukhona ukubalwa kwamavoti kodwa ukuguqulwa kohlelo. Hhayi nje ngokwepolitiki, kodwa ngokwenhlalo.
(Kuhunyushwe nguGeorge Shriver)
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa kuphela ngokuphana kwabafundi bayo.
Nikela