Kwangithinta ngesikhathi ngithula inkulumo yeNyunyana. Lezi yizinyanga zokugcina zokuphatha kuka-Obama. Kodwa-ke, ngokuhambisana nezindlela zomongameli ngamunye waseMelika kusukela kuGerald Ford, lokhu kuphatha akwenzanga lutho ukuphoqa uhulumeni waseMoroccan ukuthi afeze izibopho zawo, umthetho wamazwe ngamazwe, kanye nesivumelwano sokuthula sango-1991 asisayina nenhlangano yenkululeko yaseSaharawi—Polisario, ekuxazululeni ingxabano eNtshonalanga Sahara.
Kuye kwagqama ukuthi naphezu kweqhaza lalowo owayenguNobhala Wezwe uJames Baker njengomuntu owacelwa yiNhlangano Yezizwe Ezihlangene ukuba axazulule isivumelwano phakathi kukahulumeni waseMorocco nePolisario; futhi naphezu kokuthi abaseMoroccan bamxosha u-Baker naphezu kwemizamo ka-Baker yokwamukela ezinye zezithakazelo zikahulumeni waseMoroccan, abekho abaphathi base-US abathathe isinyathelo esiqinile ngokumelene nokungahloniphi kwe-Morocco ukuzibusa kweSaharawi.
Kukhona ukuphuthuma ekuxazululeni le ngxabano. IMorocco isidle ingxenye enkulu yeWestern Sahara kusukela yahlasela leli lizwe ngokungemthetho ngo-1975, kulandela ukuhoxa kweSpain ezweni elaliyikoloni. I-Morocco ne-Polisario balwa impi yabashokobezi enzima kwaze kwaba ngu-1991 lapho kusayinwa isivumelwano phakathi kwamaqembu kanye nesivumelwano sokuthi kuzoba nenhlolovo ukuze kuxazululwe isimo sekoloni langaphambili. Kodwa kusukela ngo-1991, uhulumeni waseMoroccan akenzanga lutho ukuqhubekisela phambili injongo yokuthula. Njengakwa-Israel ekuthatheni kwayo izindawo zasePalestine, uhulumeni waseMoroccan ubonakala enelisekile ngokulinda isikhathi eside, ethemba ukuthi lokho okuchazwa “njengamaqiniso aphansi” kuzogcina kuxazulule lolu daba ngokuvuna iMorocco ekuthatheni amazwe aseNtshonalanga. iSahara.
I-Polisario, ngawo wonke ama-akhawunti, iyithobele imigomo yokuqeda ukudubulana. Nokho izimo zabantu baseSaharawi azithuthuki. Izinkulungwane zabantu baseSaharawi zisasele emakamu ababaleki e-Algeria, ngaphesheya nje komngcele. Abanye bathuthele kuso sonke isifunda beyofuna impilo engcono. Futhi phakathi kwamakamu ababaleki, kunokuntula isineke okukhulayo nokuqondakalayo ngalesi simo. Eqinisweni, nakuba bekungeyona inkulumo-ze noma inqubomgomo yePolisario ukuphakamisa ukubuyela empini, kukhona lawo mazwi emakamu abuze lo mbuzo ngendlela ehlukile: yini amaSaharawis azuze ngayo ngenxa yokuhlonipha isivumelwano?
AbaseMoroccan babonakala bengasiboni isidingo sokuthi basuke ekungalawuleni kwabo. Akukaze kube nenani okumele likhokhwe. I-Morocco iyingxenye ebalulekile ye-French kanye ne-USA. I-USA ibheka ubukhosi baseMorocco njengozakwabo kulokhu okubizwa ngempi yokulwa nobushokobezi. Kodwa-ke, ngokwehluleka ukugcizelela ukuthi uhulumeni waseMorocco uhloniphe izivumelwano yena uqobo azisayinile, i-USA neFrance zibeka imibandela yokuthi kubhebhetheke le nkinga enyakatho-ntshonalanga ye-Afrika.
Enye yezingozi ezimbi kakhulu enyakatho-ntshonalanga ye-Afrika ukuthi ukwehluleka ukuxazulula ngokuthula nangokufanelekile isidingo sokuzibusa kwezwe laseSaharawi kungase kubangele ukuthi kuqhamuke ezinye izinhlangano zempi. Enye yezinhlangano ezinjalo esifundeni i-Al-Qaida eseMaghreb (AQIM) ebisebenza e-Algeria, eMali kanye naseBurkina Faso. Yize bengenasisekelo phakathi kwababaleki baseSaharawi, asikho isiqiniseko sokuthi lokhu kuzoqhubeka, ikakhulukazi uma kungekho mnyakazo obheke kwisixazululo esinokuthula.
Lokhu kusibuyisela ezinyangeni zokugcina zikaMongameli Obama. Nakuba kunjalo, kukhona omunye umsizi okhethekile kaNobhala Jikelele weNhlangano Yezizwe (UN) ovela e-USA—uChristopher Ross—futhi nakuba lokhu kufanele, okungenani ngokombono, kubonise intshisekelo ethile ngabaphathi bamanje base-US esixazululweni sezwe laseNtshonalanga. Ingxabano yaseSahara, umuntu akufanele anyuse amathemba akhe. Njengoba nje u-James Baker, ngazo zonke izinhloso nezinhloso, eshaywe umoya ngabaphathi baka-George W. Bush, asikho isizathu esithile sokukholelwa ukuthi u-Ross uzophumelela kakhulu ekuphathweni kuka-Obama ngaphandle uma kulethwa ingcindezi eyanele ku-Obama. ukuphatha. Leyo ngcindezi idinga ukuthi iqondiswe ekususeni i-USA ekubambisaneni kwayo nombuso waseMorocco, esikhundleni salokho, ivune isisombululo esinobulungiswa nesinokuthula kulengxabano.
Abaphathi baka-Obama bangase bakholwe, njengoba ngokusobala ababendulele babekholelwa, ukuthi ingxabano yaseWestern Sahara izomane ishabalale, njengedolobha elingenalutho ngemva kwesiphepho sesihlabathi. Umbono onjalo awugcini nje ngokungenaluzwela kodwa awucatshangwa kahle. Ngokugeleza kwezikhali enyakatho-ntshonalanga ye-Afrika, ngokwengxenye ngenxa yokuwa kombuso wamaQaddafi eLibya futhi, okubaluleke nakakhulu, ngokukhungatheka okukhulayo phakathi kwabantu baseSaharawi, umphumela ohluke kakhulu kungenzeka. Ukubuyela ezingxabanweni zezempi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ubani oholayo, ngeke kuhlale kuyindaba exazululiwe ezingwadule zaseWestern Sahara, kodwa kwakungase kusakazeke kwenye indawo.
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UBill Fletcher, Jr. ungumsakazi we-The Global African on Telesur-English. Mlandele ku-Twitter, Facebook naku-www.billfletcherjr.com.
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