U-Nick Estes wenza angihlosile ukubhala incwadi nge-Standing Rock. Ubesebenzela uhlaka lwakhe olumayelana namalungelo abomdabu eNhlanganweni Yezizwe Ezihlangene ngesikhathi inhlangano ephikisana nepayipi i-Dakota Access iqhuma onqenqemeni lwezindawo ezingu-16 ezisenyakatho ne-Plains Indian ezibekelwe abantu base-Oceti Sakowin, abaziwa nguhulumeni wase-US ngokuthi amaSioux. U-Estes, ilungu lesizwe saseLower Brule Sioux owakhulela eNingizimu Dakota, wazizwa engenakukwenza ngaphandle kokushintsha izinhlelo zakhe. Wahamba waya ekhaya kwabakwaDakota futhi wabhala incwadi yakhe eningi ehlezi esofeni lika-anti wakhe, edweba imilando exoxwa ngabanye abadala nezihlobo futhi ebhekisela kuyo nemibhalo egciniwe.
Umphumela uthi โUmlando Wethu Ikusasa,โ okulandela ukuphikiswa kwaboMdabu kusukela emzamweni wabantu baseLakota wokwenqaba uLewis noClark ukuthi badlule eMfuleni iMissouri ngo-1804, ukuya ezidingweni zenhlangano Yamandla Abomvu zokuphoqelela isivumelwano ngeminyaka yawo-1960s, kuze kube namuhla ezimpini eziholwa aboMdabu ngokumelene namaphrojekthi kaphethiloli. Ebhala ngesibhicongo sase-Wounded Knee, lapho kwabulawa khona amadoda, abesifazane, kanye nezingane zabomdabu abangu-300 ngamasosha ase-US ngo-1890, u-Estes ugqamisa isisekelo soguquko lwenhlangano engenabudlova ye-Ghost Dance izisulu ezalandela. Ngomkhuba omude wemizamo yesibindi yokususa amakoloni, u-Estes uthi, Abantu bomdabu bamele inselele enamandla kumandla aqhutshwa inzuzo asongela ukuphila okuqhubekayo emhlabeni.
Ngaphezu kokusebenza njengoprofesa ohlangene wezifundo zaseMelika eNyuvesi yaseNew Mexico (kanye ne-Intercept eyenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile. umnikelo), u-Estes uyisishoshovu ne-Albuquerque-based Red Nation, ehlela uchungechunge lwezinkinga, okuhlanganisa ukukhwabanisa eduze kwezindawo ezingcwele kanye nemiphakathi yama-Dinรฉ endaweni ye-Greater Chaco yaseNew Mexico, ukuboshwa kwezingane emngceleni, nodlame lwamaphoyisa asemadolobheni kubantu boMdabu. U-Estes ukhulume ne-The Intercept mayelana nobushoshovu boMdabu ngemva kwe-Standing Rock, i-Green New Deal, kanye nokuzalwa kabusha kwesiko lendabuko abezindaba abavamile abangekho. Le nhlolokhono ihlelelwe ubude nokucaca.
Ungakwazi yini ukuchaza ukuthi usho ukuthini ngegama lesihloko sencwadi yakho, "umlando wethu uyikusasa"?
Ngibheke Isiprofetho se-Ghost Dance, okwakuwukuvukela kwamakoloni phakathi kwabantu ikakhulukazi baseLakota naseDakota emaThafeni asenyakatho ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, kodwa futhi inhlangano engokomoya eyayisakazekile eyakhuphuka ogwini olusentshonalanga yeCanada futhi yehlela ezingxenyeni zalokho namuhla okubizwa ngokuthi iMexico. Ukube bezingenabungozi ngokuphelele, ngabe i-United States ibingeke ithumele ibutho layo kubantu ababulawa indlala, abangenamahhashi e-Wounded Knee. Isizathu sokuthi imele usongo olunjalo kwakungekona ukuthi i-Lakota ne-Dakota Ghost Dancers babehambahamba futhi bebulala izifiki ezimhlophe - kwakungenxa yokuthi kwakungumbono wekusasa.
Lapho uthobisa abantu, awugcini nje ngokuthatha izwe labo nolimi lwabo, ubunjalo babo, kanye nomuzwa wabo wokuzicabangela bonaโususa nanoma yimuphi umbono wekusasa. Isizathu sokuthi ngikhethe leli gama yingoba kule nkathi ye-neoliberal capitalism, kulula ukucabanga ukuphela komhlaba kunokuphela konxiwankulu. Ingxabano engiyibekayo ukuthi ngaphakathi kwamasiko ethu okumelana naboMdabu, besilokhu singabantu abagxile esikhathini esizayo, noma ngabe bekuthatha izikhali ngokumelene nohulumeni wase-United States, noma ngabe bekuthatha imicimbi eyimfihlo iye ezindaweni eziyimfihlo, noma ngabe kunjalo. wayefunda ulimi lwesitha. Lokhu kubuyisela emuva ekulandiseni okuhamba phambili kokuthi abantu boMdabu bawuhlanga olufayo, olunciphayo ababambelele ngokujulile ensalela yokugcina yesiko labo noma umhlaba wabo. Ukube bekunjalo, khona-ke angicabangi ukuthi besingeke sibe nokuvukela okufana ne-Standing Rock noma, namuhla, I-Line 3 or Ibhuloho laseBayou, noma inani elikhulu ukuhlanganisa ngokubulawa nokuduka kwabesifazane boMdabu.
Ubhala ngomqondo wokunqwabelana kokumelana, โokungahlali kumangalisa, noma kushesha, kodwa nokho lokho kwenza ukuphela kwegeyimu yokuqeda kube yinto engenakwenzeka.โ Kusho ukuthini lokho ngezinhlangano eziholwa aboMdabu namuhla?
Ukhule njengomuntu waseLakota, amaqhawe akho Crazy Horse, Nkunzi ehlezi; baphinde [izishoshovu ze-American Indian Movement] uRussell Means, uMadonna Thunder Hawk, noPhyllis Young. Asikhethi ngempela leyo mibuthano yokumelana. Sizalelwa kuyo, ngoba sisengabantu abaphethwe amakoloni. Isiko lokumelana ne-Oceti Sakowin lihlehlela emuva ekufikeni kokuqala kwamaMelika. Sasingebona abantu abayiziphukuphuku - sasazi ukuthi bamayelana nani, futhi saze sazi i-United States, ngemva kokuba uLewis noClark beqa endaweni yethu ngo-1804, njengesizwe esizingelayo. Labo bantu abaqala ukuhlangana noLewis noClark batshela izingane zabo, futhi izingane zabo zatshela izingane zabo.
Ukuba aboMdabu wukuba yipolitiki ngokuzenzakalelayo, ngoba akufanele sibe lapha, okokuqala, futhi okwesibili, singabomdabu ngenxa yezwe esihlezi phezu kwalo, nomhlaba esiwuvikelayo, kanye nezindawo. siyavikela, futhi lokho kusho ukuthi siyohlala sisendleleni yentuthuko. Asikho isimo sokungathathi hlangothi esingathathwa abantu boMdabu.
Ngithanda umuntu ofana no-Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez kanye neqiniso lokuthi yena ngokwakhe ungumvikeli wamanzi futhi umkhankaso wakhe waqala e-Standing Rock. Ngiyabona futhi ukulinganiselwa kwesikhundla sakhe kuKhongolose. U-Obama akakwazanga ukumisa ipayipi; akekho noyedwa kubantu abaqokile ekuphathweni kwakhe ongamisa leli payipi. Kufanele sazi ukuthi ukunyakaza kwaboMdabu ezindaweni ezifana namaThafa asenyakatho bangenza izinto esingeke silindele ukuthi osopolitiki bazenze - izinto ezingenziwa yizinhlangano zabomdabu kuphela njengeNoDAPL. Kungamanga ukucabanga ukuthi amandla akwenye indawo.
Ukufakwa kwe-Intercept kwe-NoDAPL kugxile ekusebenzisaneni phakathi kwamaphoyisa nezithakazelo ezizimele kanye nokwenza kube bugebengu ukumelana kwaboMdabu. Ngabe iStanding Rock ingena kanjani endimeni enkulu yamaphoyisa ezimpilweni zabantu boMdabu?
Esikhathini esedlule, abantu baseNdiya emiphakathini ethile bebengakwazi ukushiya indawo ngaphandle kokudlula. Abakwazanga ukuhamba ngaphandle kwemvume evela kumenzeli waseNdiya. Ukushiya ijele elivulekile kwakuwukuba isigebengu, futhi wawungaphansi kokubanjwa noma ukulengiswa noma ukuboshwa. Nakuba lokho kungase kungabi yiqiniso namuhla, ngokwesiko nangokwenhlalo kusewumkhuba owenziwayo. E-Albuquerque nasezindaweni ezifana neRapid City, eSouth Dakota, enye yezindlela ezivamile zokuthi amaphoyisa athi uma enza udlame kubantu boMdabu โBuyela emuva ekubhukheni.โ Abantu bomdabu babonakala bengebona ngisho nasemazweni abo.
Ngingasho ukuthi izinhlobo zodlame zansuku zonke zibulala kakhulu kunodlame lwamaphoyisa olwenzeka e-Standing Rock, nakuba lwalunonya, futhi lwabangela ukuhlukumezeka okukhulu. [Amaphoyisa] aqinise izinto asebeziphethe kahle. Bebevele beyazi indlela yokuphrofayilila abantu boMdabu - bangamaphoyisa asemngceleni wedolobha. Lesi yisifunda sase-Morton, enyakatho nje yokubhukha i-Standing Rock Indian. Okwesikhashana, babenoRed Tomahawk, umfana owabulala u-Sitting Bull, ezindaweni zabo zokuLindisa ku-State Highway Patrol. Bayawamukela lowomlando; abadidekile ngendima abayidlalayo. Ziyizibuyekezo zesimanje nje 7th Amahhashi.
Encwadini yakho, uchaza inhlekelele abantu base-Oceti Sakowin ababhekane nayo okungenzeka ukuthi inezifundo ezibalulekile kubahleli ababhekana nenkinga yesimo sezulu. Ungakwazi yini ukuchaza ngoHlelo lwe-Pick-Sloan kanye nezikhukhula zomhlaba woMdabu?
Ngicabanga ngalokhu kuphushela okunamandla okubheke ku-Green New Deal - futhi ngivumelana ngomgomo nangomoya ne-Green New Deal - kodwa futhi ngike nganyakaza kancane. I-Pick-Sloan Plan yangaleso sikhathi yayingomunye wemiklamo emikhulu yamadamu emlandweni. Ngo-1933, uhulumeni wobumbano waqala ukwakha idamu elikhulu eduze ne-Fort Peck Indian Reservation yabantu base-Assiniboine kanye namaSioux (abantu bakwa-Nakota). Bekuyiphrojekthi yemisebenzi yomphakathi ngesikhathi soKuwohloka Okukhulu Kwezomnotho eklanyelwe ukuhlinzeka ngosizo kanye nomsebenzi kubasebenzi abamhlophe eMontana nasezifundeni ezizungezile. Ngenxa yalokho, amakhulu abantu boMdabu baxoshwa, futhi izinkulungwane zamahektha ezindawo zabo zagcwala amanzi ukuze kusindiswe umnotho wezifiki kuwo. Lokhu kube isigameko somlando e-United States: Noma nini lapho kuba nenkinga yokuba semthethweni kwesimo esikhona sohlelo lonxiwankulu, kuvame ukuba imihlaba yoMdabu enikelwayo.
Ugqozi lwe-Green New Deal lwaqala ngempela emakamu ase-Standing Rock, lapho u-Ocasio-Cortez aqala khona umkhankaso wakhe. Kodwa kufanele sikhumbule izingibe zokulungisa umnotho wabahlali bamazwe angaphandle ngezindleko zomhlaba woMdabu. Kwesinye isikhathi ngiba nomuzwa wokuthi umthwalo wenguquko ubekwe kubantu boMdabu. Ngiyabona ukuthi ngalezi zinhlelo zoguquko - manje isizwe samaNavajo sesizoba njalo ukukhiqiza amandla elanga uphethiloli yonke iNingizimu-ntshonalanga. KULUNGILE, ngakho-ke ingabe ishintshile ngempela kusukela kukholoni yezinsiza? Ngoba isizwe samaNavajo sasikhiqiza amalahle ayesebenza eNingizimu-ntshonalanga yonke, futhi manje sesikhiqiza uwoyela ukuze sithuthukise umnotho wembulunga yonke e-United States.
Ngicabanga ukuthi kuwusizo ukubuka amadamu, ashayelwa ihlombe yiwo wonke umuntu e-United States. UJohn F. Kennedy weza futhi wanikeza inkulumo, futhi ugogo wami empeleni wayesezilalelini. Ugogo wami waxoxa kwaze kwaba usuku ashona ngalo mayelana nokuthi kwakunjani ukuxhawula uJohn F. Kennedy, kodwa, ngesikhathi esifanayo, wayelapho ukuze agubhe ukubhujiswa kwezwe lakithi. Ngakho kuhlale kukhona lokhu kuhwebelana. Lokho kusho ukuthi kufanele sibhekane nokungqubuzana okuyinhloko, okuwubukoloni bokufika, uma sizophuma ngobuqotho nangobulungisa siphume emnothweni wamanje wekhabhoni.
Uvala incwadi ngesidingo sokukhululwa komhlaba kubunxiwankulu. Sisesimweni esibucayi ngokwezemvelo, futhi abantu abaningi babheke I-Green New Deal njengendawo eyinhloko yokuhlela. Ucabanga ukuthi yini edingekayo ukuze into efana nalena ibe yinqola ephusile yokwenza ubulungiswa?
Into ethokozisayo ngendlela i-Green New Deal eyakhiwe ngayo ukuthi inqubomgomo yezemvelo "esebenzayo". Kunezinto ezingekho ku-Green New Deal okufanele zilwelwe. Idili yeqi ukuzibophezela okucacile kokugcina amafutha enziwe phansi, futhi idinga ukwenqaba izinhlelo ze-carbon-pricing ezivele zenze umoya esiwuphefumulayo ube yimfihlo futhi zivumele imboni ukuthi iqhubeke nokukhipha, ukuthutha, kanye nokushisa izibaso ezimbiwa phansi inqobo nje uma โinobuso obuluhlaza. .โ Lezo yizinto imiphakathi yoMdabu ebizilwela, futhi angazi ukuthi kungani ingekho lapho.
Enye into, ukubuyela kulolo limi lwe-pragmatic - pragmatic kubani? Sine iminyaka 10. Iyini i-pragmatic mayelana nokwelula i-behemoth ye-fossil fuel capitalism? Kuphakathi kwethu noma bona, futhi akukho lutho oluphathekayo ngokusekela uhlelo, ngoba uhlelo luyasibhubhisa. Kuyindaba yobuhlanga nesigaba ngomqondo wokuthi abasengozini kakhulu kuhlale kungabantu abampofu abansundu emhlabeni, abathobekile emhlabeni, futhi siyakubona lokho.
Lokhu akumele kube ukuzithoba emandleni ukuyithengisa kuNancy Pelosis womhlaba, ozibiza ngengxiwankulu ngokungananazi. Akanayo intshisekelo yokuhlehlisa lezi zinhlelo. Ngakho-ke yinto okufanele siyilwele, kodwa futhi yinto okufanele siyibone njengenomkhawulo futhi inephutha ngandlela thize, futhi kufanele sifune okwengeziwe futhi sichaze kabusha imingcele yokuthi iyini impendulo โyepragmaticโ yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu emhlabeni jikelele.
Uke wakhuluma ngaphambilini mayelana nokushoda kobabhali boMdabu emithonjeni yezindaba ejwayelekile. Ngemuva kwe Awusenalutho, Ababhali boMdabu baba yingxenye yemithombo yezindaba yaseCanada, kodwa lokho akwenzekanga e-U.S. ngezinga elifanayo ngemuva kwe-NoDAPL. Uyakubona lokho kushintsha?
Ukwenyuka kokumeleleka kwabantu boMdabu kwabezindaba kanye nomcabango odumile eCanada kwenzeka ngenxa yokunyakaza kwe-Idle No More kanye nenqubo kahulumeni wobumbano ethi Iqiniso Nokubuyisana, empeleni ebidinga izinguquko ezithile emanyuvesi noma amagumbi abezindaba ukuvulela aboMdabu izindawo. Kodwa lokhu akusiyo iCanada; lena yi-United States.
Asigcini nje ngokuhlupheka ngenxa yokuntula ukumelwa emithonjeni yezindaba, kodwa futhi sibhekana nokuntula ukumelwa ngokubhala nokuxoxa izindaba zethu. Lokho akusho ukuthi abantu abangebona aboMdabu abakwazi ukubhala nokuxoxa izindaba zethu ngobuqotho nangokwethembeka, kodwa kukhona ukungazimisele ukubandakanya lokho kuhlukana. Ngicabanga ukuthi kukhona amagxathu enziwayo ezindaweni ezithile zezindaba ezweni lonke, kodwa awukho umzamo kazwelonke wokushintsha lokho. Futhi lokhu kwenzeka endaweni yezindaba lapho izinto zishintsha ngokushesha. Kukhona ukungathembeki kwezobuntatheli lapho abantu abaningi bezisebenzela futhi behlisa izindleko zezindaba. Zonke lezi zinto ngizizwile ezintathelini zaboHlanga uqobo. Futhi abanye babo, izintatheli engangizihlonipha ngempela, abakwazanga ukuthola indawo endlini yezindaba enkulu, ngakho bagcina bewushiye ngokuphelele lo msebenzi.
Ngicabanga ukuthi njengamanje, Izwe LamaNdiya lisohlotsheni lokuphindukuzalwa kwesiko, abezindaba nezobuciko kanye nezishoshovu zezombusazwe - kodwa okuxakayo ukuthi ngeke wazi ngokuvula i-New York Times. Siyizindaba kuphela uma kungumuntu wesifazane omhlophe ukubiza uneDNA yoMdabu waseMelika, noma lapho isixuku sabafana besikole samaKatolika esimhlophe ukuklolodela umdala Womdabu eSikhumbuzweni saseLincoln. Ngangivame ukungabaza ngalokhu, kodwa empeleni ngijabule kakhulu manje, ngoba ngiyazibona lezo zinguquko zenzeka ngisho noma zinganakwa abantu abaningi.
Ngitshele ngeRed Nation kanye nomsebenzi wakho wokuhlela eNew Mexico.
Sakha i-Red Nation emuva ngo-2014 ngemva kokubulawa kuka-Kee Thompson kanye no-Allison Gorman, owaziwa nangokuthi u-Cowboy no-Rabbit. Kwakungamadoda amabili angamaNavajo ayengawo wabulawa ngesihluku yizinsizwa ezintathu ohlangothini olusentshonalanga ye-Albuquerque. Kwakusekugcineni kwalokhu kuqubuka kwemibhikisho emelene nodlame lwamaphoyisa e-Albuquerque, kodwa into eyodwa engayibona ukuthi kwakungekho kukhathazeka okuningi ngodlame lwamaphoyisa olubhekiswe kwaboMdabu. Kwakukhona izakhi ezithile zenhlangano ezazigxile kuyo, kodwa ngokuvamile, yasulwa. Ngiyakhumbula [umsunguli we-AIM] u-Dennis Banks weza komunye wemicimbi yethu ye-Red Nation, futhi sasikhuluma ngodlame lwasedolobheni elisemngceleni, futhi wayefana nokuthi, โI-American Indian Movement yasungulwa kuqala ukuze iqede isihluku samaphoyisa. Lokho kwenzeka eminyakeni engu-50 edlule, futhi sisakwenza nanamuhla.โ
Siyinhlangano yoMdabu elwela amalungelo abesifazane. Lesi sizukulwane sabantu abasha boMdabu senza izinto ezazingemnandi ngeminyaka yawo-'50s and'60s and'70s, phakathi Ukunyakaza Amandla Abomvu. Bakhuluma ngezinto ezifana ne-heteropatriarchy kanye nokusetshenziswa kwesiko emiphakathini yabo njengethuluzi lengcindezelo. Intsha yethu eningi ayiyona kanambambili, ayihambisani nobulili, iyinja. Banemimoya emibili [igama eliyisambulela labantu bomdabu abangabhalisi ukuhlanganisa ubulili baseNtshonalanga kanye nobulili obuhlukile]. Leyo ngxenye yemiphakathi yethu yayingenye yezinto zokuqala ezacishe zaqedwa futhi zaqedwa, ngoba zazimele enye indlela yezombusazwe. Kunesizathu esenza laba ojenene nosopolitiki bakhethe amadoda ethu ukuthi asayine izivumelwano futhi axoxisane. Basebenzisa amadoda ethu njengethuluzi lokunqoba. Ngakho sikuzuze njengefa lokho emiphakathini yethu. Kuhlobene nomsebenzi esiwenza nezihlobo zethu ezingavikelekile emgwaqeni, ezixoshwa emiphakathini yazo ngenxa yokuba yizigebengu.
Sinamaqabane nezihlobo emhlabeni jikelele, ngakho siyazama ukubambisana naleyo nhlangano. Sinamaqembu afunda okwenzekayo eVenezuela njengamanje ngokuketula umbuso okusekelwa yi-U.S., futhi sinabantu abasebenza eGuatemala. Asenzi lutho olusha ngempela kulokho. Sakhela phezu komsebenzi wenhlangano Yamandla Abomvu kanye ne-American Indian Movement futhi, njengoba ngichaza kabanzi encwadini yami, ubudlelwano bayo obuseduze ne-Palestine Liberation Organization. Kunesizathu esenza kube namafulegi asePalestine endizela e-Standing Rock.
Ukubona kanjani ukuphikiswa kwaStanding Rock kuqhutshekelwa phambili?
Ngaphambi kokuthi kwenzeke iStanding Rock, besingakakulungeli njengamanje ukubhekana nomzabalazo wesikhathi eside. Akukhona nje ngokumisa i-Keystone XL, ehlelelwe ukuthi iqale ukwakhiwa e-United States ngalo Juni. Izizwe sezilungile; izinhlangano sezimi ngomumo. Bayazi ukuthi sesilungile - sebevele beqoqa ubuhlakani ngathi. Kodwa lokhu akukhona nje ukunqoba amapayipi. Kube nezinkulumo eziningi mayelana nokubona lokho esikufunayo emiphakathini yethu. Njengoba lomlilo usubasiwe, futhi awukwazi ukucisha, sizokwenzani ngawo? Ngemuva kwe-Standing Rock, lonke izwe laseNdiya laba ngabangane ku-Facebook - kube ihlaya elivamile lelo. Ngakho sihlanganiswe ngendlela ethile ebaluleke kakhulu.
Esikumelayo ukuqhubeka nokuba khona kwempilo yoMdabu kulo mhlaba โ kodwa futhi ukuqhubeka nokuba khona kwe ukuphila kulomhlaba. Umgomo wesikhathi eside uwukuqhubeka nokuthuthuka njengesizwe sase-Oceti Sakowin, nezinye izizwe zabomdabu, kule ndlela okwakuhloswe ukuba sibe kuyo - ukucabanga ukuthi bekuyoba njani ukube asizange sithathwe njengekoloni, sicabange ikusasa lapho kungangeni khona abantu boMdabu kuphela, kodwa bonke abantu abafanele. Zonke lezo zinto bezikhona isikhashana emakamu aseStanding Rock.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa kuphela ngokuphana kwabafundi bayo.
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