NgoJuni nyakenye, ummeli osemncane omnyama u-Antar Lumumba waqokwa njengomeya waseJackson, eMississippi. Ukuthola amavoti angaphezu kwamaphesenti angama-90, inkundla kaLumumba yayisekelwe ekwenzeni uJackson โidolobha elikhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeniโ, into umuntu angeke ayilindele enhloko-dolobha yezwe elaliyizigqila. Nokho bekungekona okokuqala ukuthi i-radical emnyama ezinikele iphumelele umncintiswano wobumeya kaJackson. Ubaba ka-Antar - umakadebona we-New Afrikan Peoples Organisation (NAPO) kanye nomsunguli we-Malcolm X Grassroots Movement (MXGM) - wakhethwa njengemeya ngo-2013, ngaphambi kokushona kwakhe kungazelelwe ekuqaleni kuka-2014.
Kujwayelekile ukubika ngempumelelo yokhetho njengokungathi yisiphetho sepolitiki, nokho, 'umasipala omusha awukona ukunqoba ukhetho; kumayelana nokwakha, ukuguqula kanye nokusabalalisa amandla'. Ukuhumusha okwenzeka eJackson ngokusebenzisa i-lens yepolitiki yokhetho ukungaboni isu lezepolitiki elibanzi eliqhubekayo. Ngemuva kwezihloko ezithinta abezindaba zokukhethwa 'kweMeya eqinile' kukhona umsebenzi wokuzikhandla wezinhlelo zemfundo, ukwakhiwa kwemifelandawonye, โโukuthengwa komhlaba kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezinye izinhlaka zentando yeningi. Lona akuwona nje umsebenzi ojwayelekile 'wokwakha umnyakazo' sonke esijwayele ukukhuluma ngawo. UJackson yidolobha elinecebo.
I-Jackson-Kush Plan
The Jackson-Kush Plan isu lokwakha inhlangano eguquguqukayo engenzi nje izithembiso ngekusasa, kodwa enendlela yokwethula okwamanje. Ithuthukiswe yi-MXGM kusukela ekuqaleni kwawo-2000 futhi yenziwa obala ngo-2012, lolu hlelo lusebenzisa amakhulu eminyaka enhlangano yezepolitiki, lufinyelela emuva ku-National Negro Convention Movement (phakathi kuka-1831-1864), ukusungulwa kwe-Freedom Farm Cooperative ngo-1969, kanye ne imizamo ekuzibuseni kwendawo eqhutshwa yi-NAPO kanye neRiphabhulikhi ye-New Afrika (RNA).
Lolu hlelo lwakhiwe ngezinsika ezintathu eziyisisekelo 'ezakhelwe ukwakha isisekelo esikhulu esicacile sezombusazwe, amandla enhlangano, kanye nokwanelisa izinto ezibonakalayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe inhloso yokwakha amandla azimele' e-Jackson kanye nesifunda sase-Kush esibanzi. Lezi zinsika zihlanganisa 'Ukwakhiwa Komnotho Wokubambisana Okubanzi; Ukwakhiwa Kwemihlangano Yabantu; kanye Nokwakhiwa Kweqembu Elizimele Lezombusazwe Labamnyama.' Nakuba ukhetho lwama-landslide kubo bobabili uLumumba no-Lumumba Jr. lubalulekile, kufanele luqondwe kumongo walolu hlelo olubanzi.
Ukwakha Umnotho Wobumbano Obanzi
Njengoba isishoshovu esizinze eJackson uKali Akuno sibhala, 'kufanele sicace, sicace bha, ukuthi ukuzimisela akufinyeleleki ngaphandle kwesisekelo somnotho. Futhi hhayi nje isisekelo sakho esijwayelekile somnotho, okusho ukuthi esobunxiwankulu, kodwa esentando yeningi'. Ukuthatha ugqozi kusukela I-Mondragon cooperative ezweni lase-Basque, inhloso iwukwakha uchungechunge lwamadlelandawonye axhumene kulo lonke elase-Jackson kanye nesifunda sase-Kush, kanye nokugqugquzela ukuthuthukiswa kwemikhuba ebanzi yobumbano-yomnotho njengamabhange esikhathi, ezinye izinhlobo zemali, imitapo yolwazi, nezinyunyana zezikweletu zokubambisana.
Ngemva kokusungulwa kwe Ukubambisana Jackson ngo-2014, banemoto yokuxhumanisa i-land-trust yomphakathi (okuhlanganise nokuthengwa kwemigwaqo yonke njengengxenye yesu lendawo eliphikisana ne-gentrification), ukuthuthukisa 'i-fab-lab' yabasebenzi abaqeqeshelwa amakhono ekuphrinteni kwe-3D nobuchwepheshe. -ukuthuthukisa, ukuvuselela i-Peoples Grocery Initiative, ukwandisa izinhlelo zezolimo ezisimeme kanye namakhishi omphakathi, kanye nokusungula umfelandawonye wezobuciko bezamasiko.
Inhloso yokwakha umnotho wobumbano ikabili. Okokuqala, iqala ngokubhekana nezindaba ezibambekayo kulokhu namanje, ngokugxila ekuthuthukisweni okusheshayo kwezimpilo zabantu kunokuba nje 'ukulwele imibono'. Okwesibili, kwethenjwa ukuthi ukuzihlela nokuzikhiqiza kabusha wena kanye nemiphakathi yakho njengengxenye yomnotho wobumbano kuzosiza 'ekuthuthukiseni amakhono amalungu noma ababambisene ukuze balolonge umhlaba ngesithombe kanye nentshisekelo yabo'. Ukubamba iqhaza ezinhlelweni zezomnotho zobumbano kungasisiza sibe uhlobo lwabantu esifuna ukuba yilo, futhi shintsha imikhawulo yalokho esikholelwa ukuthi kungazuzwa.
Nokho njengoba i-Jackson-Kush Plan ibona, i-Solidarity Economy, uma ithuthukiswe kuze kufike eziphethweni zayo ezinengqondo, ilele emkhawulweni wenguquko yezomnotho engenzeka ngaphakathi 'kohlaka lobunxiwankulu lokukhiqizwa komphakathi obuswa uhlelo lomphakathi wonxiwankulu'. Ukwakhiwa kweSolidarity Economy akusiyo iphrojekthi yezepolitiki ngokwayo, kodwa isinyathelo esisodwa - indlela - futhi iphetha ngesu elibanzi loguquko. Imayelana nokusihambisa ku isiqondiso womphakathi wangemva kobunxiwankulu.
Ukwakha Imihlangano Yabantu
I-People's Assembly e-Jackson yathuthukiswa njengempendulo ethandwayo ku-Hurricane u-Katrina ngo-2005, futhi ilandela isiko le-Black Liberation Movement yemizamo yokuzikhethela. I-MXGM ichaza ukuhlangana kwabantu abaningi njengokuhlanganisa okungenani ingxenye eyodwa kwezinhlanu yenani labantu lendawo ethile (efana nomakhelwane, isifunda, noma idolobhakazi) ukuze kubhekwane nezindaba zomphakathi ezibalulekile. Lokhu kusho ukuqondisa 'ekuthuthukiseni izixazululo, amasu, izinhlelo zokusebenza kanye nezikhathi zokushintsha izimo zenhlalo-mnotho ngendlela efiselekayo, hhayi nje ukuzwa kanye/noma ukunikeza izwi kubantu abahlangene'.
Njengamanje njengoba ihlangana njalo ngekota, ngentando yomhlangano elandelwa uchungechunge lwamakomiti akha โIbutho Labantu Lokusebenzaโ, uMkhandlu unemisebenzi emibili ebanzi. Okokuqala, iyinqola yokuqala izinhlelo zomphakathi 'ezizihlelele', ezisukela ekwenzeni imikhankaso yabantu yokuzivikela kuye ekuhleleni imisebenzi yezindlu. Okwesibili, isebenza ngokufaka ingcindezi ezinhlakeni zikahulumeni ezikhona, kusukela ekuxhumaniseni imikhankaso yezinyathelo eziqondile kuye ekudukeni noma emikhankasweni yokungalandeli.
Nakuba i-Peoples' Assembly iyithuluzi lokuhlela eliqondile, iphinde ibe enye ingxenye 'yokukhulisa ukwazi' okwethenjwa ukuthi ingafinyelelwa ngezinqubo zomnotho wobumbano. I-Peoples' Assembly - kanye nanoma iyiphi enye inqubo yentando yeningi yokubamba iqhaza kulolo daba - ibonakala njengesisekelo sezinhlobo ezintsha zokuzibusa ngokuhlanganyela. UMkhandlu kokubili uwukuhlola ekusebenziseni amandla phezu kwezimo ezikhona, kanye nenqubo yokufunda izindlela ezintsha zokubusa.
Ukwakha Iqembu Lezepolitiki Elizimele Elimnyama
Insika yesithathu yalolu hlelo idinga 'ukuzibandakanya kwezombusazwe zokhetho ngezinga elilinganiselwe ngenhloso ecacile yokwakha izikhungo zokuvota ezinqala kanye nokukhetha abazokhethwa abathathwe ezinhlwini zama-Assemblies ngokwazo'. Lapho iningi labantu abaNsundu belilokhu lixhashazwa, lishaywa futhi licindezelwa uphiko lukahulumeni, isinqumo sokuthatha izikhungo zombuso ezimisiwe siyaphikisana. Nokho njengoba uHlelo lukubeka ngokucophelela, 'sifunde ngemizabalazo yethu - futhi ngokuhlaziya kwethu okwenzeka kwezinye izinhlangano eziningi ezilwela inkululeko - asiwanaki amandla ombuso ngokuzifaka engozini yethu'.
Okubaluleke kakhulu, indima yezikhungo zikamasipala akukona 'ukwethula i-socialism' egameni lezakhamizi zayo: akukho nkolelo yokuthi uguquko oluguquguqukayo luzolethwa ngohlelo lokhetho. Kunalokho, izikhungo zikamasipala ekuqaleni zisebenza njengomzamo wokuzivikela 'wokuphikisa amandla azo engcindezelo kanye nokuqukatha amandla obushiqela kanye nomthelela wemibono yenhloko-dolobha eyi-monopoly e-Mississippi'. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kwethenjwa ukuthi ngokwenqaba amaqembu ezepolitiki asunguliwe kanye nokungenela ukhetho abaqokwe kulo mbutho, kuzobonakala kuyenzeka 'ukudala ukuvuleka kwezepolitiki okuhlinzeka ngenkundla ebanzi yemizabalazo ezayo ezoqhutshwa ukuze kubuyiselwe โizizwe ezivamileโ, ukuze ukwakha izinsiza zomphakathi ezengeziwe (okungukuthi ukunakekelwa kwezempilo kwendawo yonke kanye nezokuthuthwa komphakathi okuphelele), kanye nokuguqula umnotho ngentando yeningi'.
Ngokushesha nje - ngokusebenza - lokhu kubukeka njengokugqugquzelwa kwenqubomgomo yokuthengwa kwempahla ebeka phambili umnotho wobumbano, ukuthuthukiswa "kwe-incubator yokubambisana" ehlinzeka ngezinsiza eziningi zokuqala amabhizinisi omfelandawonye, โโesekela ukusungulwa 'komuntu oqashelwa ngokomthetho. Umthethosisekelo wamalungelo' okumele ulandelwe kunqubomgomo yomkhandlu yesikhathi esizayo, ukwethulwa kwesabelomali esibambe iqhaza, ukuqaphela ngokusemthethweni kanye nokusabela ezinqubweni ze-Peoples' Assembly, kanye nokuphinda kucoshwe izinsiza kusukela ekuphathweni kwamanzi kuya ekukhiqizweni kwamandla.
Ukufunda kuJackson
Ukuze sibuyele emazwini ka-Kali Akuno, 'inhloso eyisisekelo yokuphatha laba bantu abazongenela ukhetho kanye nokuwina lawa mahhovisi ukwakha indawo yezombangazwe nokuqhubekisela phambili izinqubomgomo ezizohlinzeka ngendawo elawulekayo yezinhlelo ezizimele zohlelo lukaJackson ukuthuthukisa nokukhula'. Iphuzu elibalulekile okukhulunywa ngalo akuzona izikhungo zombuso - ezigcwele ukungqubuzana nemingcele - kodwa imizamo yokusungula inqubo yokuzibusa komnotho nepolitiki.
Ngaso leso sikhathi, 'isinyathelo sokudala umnotho wobumbano e-Jackson asikwazi ukuzihlukanisa nobushoshovu benhlangano yezenhlalakahle kanye nomzabalazo wezigaba'. Ukumane uphromothe izinqubomgomo zokuthengwa kwempahla, izinsiza zokubuyisela imali, noma ukwakha amadlelandawonye akufani nephrojekthi yezombusazwe eyinguquko. Ngaphandle kokwamukela inkulumo yepolitiki, lezi zinhlelo azisoze zashintsha umbono ngale kokuzama ukwakha izindlela 'ezinhle' zokwenza ubunxiwankulu - into ebhekene nemingcele yesakhiwo.
Esikhathini lapho uhulumeni wakwaNxele e-UK ebonakala enethuba elikhulu kunalokho okwenzile ezimpilweni zethu eziningi, kungaba ukuhlakanipha ukufunda ngokushesha kokuhlangenwe nakho kwamadolobha afana noJackson. Kudingeka sakhe amasu kamasipala azoqala ukulethwa ngokushesha, andise ngokushesha imikhakha yethu yezomnotho yokubambisana kanye nokubambana njengengxenye yesu lezepolitiki eliqaphile, ngesikhathi sithuthukisa izikhungo zokuzibusa ezinganikeza amandla okulwa nombuso.
Okubaluleke kakhulu, sidinga ukuqhubekela phambili kunokumane sidlulisele izinqumo ezinhlanganweni zokuphatha 'ezincane' ezifana namadolobha nezifunda zethu - sidinga ukuthuthukisa ipolitiki ezokwenza uyabaguqula. Esikhundleni sokubuza ukuthi yini engenziwa umbuso wendawo, ukunyakaza komphakathi kufanele kwakheke embuzweni wokuthi yini esingayenza kuhulumeni wendawo? Ayikho impendulo eyodwa kulo mbuzo, kodwa izishoshovu eJackson zikhombisa ukuthi uguquko lwezepolitiki luyingxenye ebalulekile yanoma iyiphi inhlangano edumile yezenhlalo.
Ukuze uthole okwengeziwe mayelana ne-Cooperative Jackson kanye ne-JK Plan, futhi uthole izingcaphuno eziningi kulesi sihloko, thola ikhophi yencwadi yakamuva. UJackson Rising: Umzabalazo Wentando Yeningi Yezomnotho kanye Nokuzinqumela Okumnyama eJackson, Mississippi. by Ajamu Nangwaya and Kali Akuno.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa kuphela ngokuphana kwabafundi bayo.
Nikela