(Nazareth) - U-Yunis al Masri wayenenhlanhla kunabafowabo ababili baseGaza. Nakuba iloli elangena emotweni yabo ngesikhathi beya emsebenzini kwa-Israel eminyakeni engu-24 edlule labulala u-Jaber noKamal ujuqu, uMnu al Masri wasinda ebhodloke amathambo, ukopha ngaphakathi nokulimala kwengqondo.
Namuhla, uneminyaka engu-49 futhi ngemva kokuhlinzwa izikhathi eziningi, unobunzima bokuhamba nezinkinga zokukhumbula ukwenza izinto. Noma yiliphi ithemba lokuphinde lisebenze lachithwa ngo-1985 phakathi nenhlekelele yemoto.
Njengamashumi ezinkulungwane zabanye izisebenzi zezandla zasePalestine ezazisebenza ngaphakathi kwa-Israel ngaphambi kokuba iGaza ivalwe emazweni angaphandle kusukela ekuqaleni kweminyaka yawo-1990, uMnu Al Masri wayekhokha njalo esikhwameni sezokuphepha komphakathi sakwa-Israel emholweni wakhe.
Njengoba egunyazwe njengokhubazekile ikomiti lezokwelapha lakwa-Israel, unelungelo lokuthola imali yenyanga engu-$800 evela kwa-Israel National Insurance Institute, lapho ondle umkakhe nezingane ezingu-10 emzini wabo eBeit Hanoun, enyakatho yeGaza.
Ekuqaleni kukaJanuwari, nokho, ukudluliselwa kwezinzuzo zokukhubazeka kwayeka ukufika ku-akhawunti yakhe yasebhange eGaza. Abanye abasebenzi ababalelwa ku-700 abalimele basesimweni esifanayo.
Isizathu, baye bafunda, ukuthi ngenkathi ibutho lakwa-Israel lihlasela iGaza Strip ngesikhathi sokuhlasela kwalo ebusika, iBhange Lakwa-Israyeli lanqamula ubuhlobo namabhange aseGaza.
Ukuphela kobudlelwano bezezimali phakathi kwe-Israel neGaza, ekujuleni kokuvinjwa kweminyaka emithathu kwe-Hamas enclave, kusho ukuthi uMnu al Masri kanye nabanye abasebenzi abakhubazekile bebelokhu bengenawo umthombo wemali ezinyangeni eziyisishiyagalolunye ezedlule.
UMnu al Masri uthe uphoqeleke ukuba angene ezikweletini ukuze aqhubeke nokubeka ukudla etafuleni, wengeza ngokuthi umndeni wonke usuthembele endodakazini yakhe, uNura, 26. Ngesikhathi seRamadan waqala umsebenzi wetoho wokuba unobhala ongenisa u-$100 ngenyanga. , nakuba umsebenzi ukude nokulondeka. “Izofinyelela kude kangakanani leyo mali ukuze kondle futhi kondle umndeni wabantu abangu-12?” uthe.
UNura wengeze wathi: “Ngesikhathi imihlomulo iqala ukufika, sashayela iNational Insurance Institute satshelwa ukuthi yisinqumo sezepolitiki nokuthi uma uGilad Shalit ebuyiselwa sizoyithola imali yethu. USgt Shalit, isosha lakwa-Israel, wathunjwa iHamas ngoJuni 2006. Kukholakala ukuthi uboshelwe eGaza.
Umkadadewabo kaMnu al Masri, uHasna, owashonelwa umyeni wakhe, uJaber, kule ngozi, uthe akekho ezinganeni zakhe ezine eziholayo futhi umndeni ubungenayo imali. Wayesanda kutshela indodana yakhe endala, efunda eRomania, ukuthi yayingasekho imali yokukhokhela izifundo zayo.
"Siyajabula ukuya endaweni yokuhlola e-Erez siyolanda isheke mathupha uma kuyilokho okudingekayo," kusho uMnu al Masri.
Amacala abasebenzi athathwe yisikhungo se-Al Mezan samalungelo abantu, esizinze eGaza, kanye neqembu lezomthetho lakwa-Israel, u-Adalah, owethule isikhalazo ngokumelene nesinqumo sikahulumeni eNkantolo Ephakeme ngeledlule.
UMahmoud abu Rahma, okhulumela i-Al Mezan, uthe abasebenzi abalimele abangu-700 bebeyingxenye yabasebenzi abaningi abafinyelela ku-80,000 baseGazan ababesebenza njalo kwa-Israel ngeminyaka yawo-1970 kanye no-1980. Izinombolo zaqala ukuncipha ekuqaleni kwawo-1990 njengoba i-Israel yethula inqubomgomo yokuvala futhi yakha ucingo lwe-elekthronikhi eGaza. Izivumelwano zase-Oslo zeminyaka yawo-1990, ezaziveza ithemba lokuzibusa kwePalestine, zaphinde zanciphisa amathuba omsebenzi njengoba i-Israel igxilisa umgomo wayo wokwehlukana.
Umsebenzi omningi wezandla, owake wenziwa abantu basePalestine baseGaza naseWest Bank, namuhla wenziwa izisebenzi eziyizihambeli ezingu-300,000, ikakhulukazi ezivela ePhilippines, Thailand, China kanye nasempumalanga yeYurophu.
UMnu Abu Rahma uthe abasebenzi abakhubazekile, njengoba belahlekelwe yithuba lokusebenza, manje sebehlushwa isithunzi sokungakwazi ukondla imindeni yabo.
"U-Israyeli unamandla okulawula ngokuphelele imingcele yeGaza kuphela, kodwa futhi nohlelo lwethu lwezezimali," esho. "Sincike emalini yakwa-Israel yeshekeli futhi amabhange akwa-Israyeli angavula futhi avale ukunikezwa kwemali ngokuthanda kwakhe."
Ukuvinjwa kuka-Israyeli eGaza kuye kwaqina kancane kancane kusukela iHamas yanqoba ukhetho lwePalestinian Authority ekuqaleni kuka-2006. Ngemva kwemizamo yenhlangano yamaSulumane yokuzama ukuketula umbuso yiqembu eliyimbangi iFatah ehlobo lika-2007, i-Israel yamemezela iGaza "njengenhlangano yesitha" futhi yaqala ukunqamula uphethiloli. kanye nezinto zikagesi. Manje kuphela izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ezidlulayo.
Amabhange amabili kuphela akwa-Israel asebenzelana neGaza, iHapoalim kanye neDiscount, athole imvume evela eBhange lakwa-Israel ukuthi anqamule ukuxhumana kwawo ngesikhathi sokuhlasela kweGaza. Ibhange elikhulu phambilini laliphikisana nalesi sinyathelo, lisaba ukuthi kuzodala ukuwa komnotho waseGaza.
Kuleli sonto, umbiko ovela eNgqungqutheleni Yezizwe Ezihlangene Yezohwebo Nentuthuko waphawula ukuthi amaphesenti angama-90 abantu baseGaza ayephila ngaphansi komugqa wobumpofu, nokuqashwa kuvinjelwe cishe ngokuphelele kuhulumeni kanye nokuphathwa komphakathi kanye nezimboni zezinsizakalo ezincane.
UMnu Abu Rahma uthe abasebenzi abakhubazekile bahlanganisa abampofu nabasengozini enkulu phakathi kwabantu baseGaza abayizigidi eziyi-1.5, futhi abaningi basengozini yokulamba uma izinkokhelo zingaqalwa kabusha maduze. "Abanayo eminye imithombo yemali engenayo futhi badonsa kanzima ngaphandle kwezinzuzo zabo."
Ngo-1998, uFadil Qomsan wawa izitezi eziyisikhombisa esuka endaweni yokwakha e-Ashdod, 25km enyakatho yeGaza, waphuka umhlane.
Emavikini amabili awachithe esibhedlela eTel Aviv, uthe, umphathi wendawo weza eduze kombhede wakhe ezomtshela ukuthi inkampani yokwakha ibiphika icala. “Wangitshela ukuthi ngiwile ngoba ngisebenzisa izidakamizwa. Amaphoyisa ahlela ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuningi ngesikhathi ngihlala, kodwa wonke abuya engenalo. Ekugcineni ngalizuza ilungelo lami lesibonelelo sokukhubazeka.”
UMnu Qomsan, 46, wasekamu laseJabaliya, odinga i-back brace ukuze ahambe, uhlolwe ukuthi ukhubazekile ngamaphesenti angama-81. Ubethola u-$450 wokondla umkakhe nezingane ezintathu, uthunjana oneminyaka eyisikhombisa. “Isimo sethu sezezimali besingesihle ngisho nalapho sithola amasheke, kodwa manje sekungaphezu kosizi.”
Uthe umndeni uphoqeleke ukuthi uphile ngokupha umndeni nabangani.
U-Taysir al Basoos ubelokhu eyimpumputhe kusukela ngo-16 ngesikhathi kuqhunyiswa isipikili esibhanyini sezipikili esakhiweni e-Ashkelon, e-10km enyakatho yeGaza, singena esifubeni sakhe, sanqamula ukugeleza kwegazi ebuchosheni futhi samshiya engaboni.
UMnu Al Basoos, 47, uthe unkosikazi wakhe nezingane eziyisithupha, okuhlanganisa nothunjana oneminyaka emihlanu, bathembele ngokuphelele ezihlokweni zakhe zanyanga zonke zokukhubazeka.
“Abasebenzi abafana nami basiza ekwakheni izwe lakwa-Israyeli; asizange sibeke iHamas phezu kweGaza,” usho kanje. “Anginayo neze ipolitiki, pho ngijeziswa ngani? Icala lethu elokusiza abantu.”
USawsan Zaher, ummeli ka-Adalah, uthe amacala ayisithupha amele abasebenzi abakhubazekile baseGaza abanqatshelwe izibonelelo zethulwe eNkantolo Ephakeme yakwa-Israel. Babehlanganisa nabakhi abawa; umlimi wasengadini womkhandlu wendawo ochotshozwe u-crane owawayo, kanye nomshini wokuwasha izimoto olahlekelwe iminwe emibili.
UNksz Zaher uthe u-Adalah uqale wakhuluma neNational Insurance Institute, iBhange lakwa-Israel kanye nongqongqoshe abahlukene bakahulumeni ngo-Ephreli, lapho sekubonakala ukushintshwa kwenqubomgomo, kodwa bonke babalekela umthwalo.
"Sitshelwe yi-NII ukuthi izama ukuxoxisana ne-Palestinian Authority, mhlawumbe ngokudlulisela imali nge-West Bank [ephethwe yi-Fatah], kodwa ayizange iholele ndawo."
U-Adalah uthi isinqumo sokuvimba izinkokhelo eziya eGaza siphula umthetho wakwa-Israel. “Le mali ngeyabasebenzi abakhubazekile futhi lesi sinqumo sibaphuca impahla yabo ngokungafanele,” kusho uNksz Zaher.
U-Adalah uphinde athi lesi sinqumo, ngoba sithinta amalungelo ezenhlalakahle zabasebenzi basePalestine kuphela hhayi ama-Israel, sihlanganisa ubuhlanga.
UMnu Abu Rahma uthe kunokukhathazeka okwengeziwe ngokuthi abanye babasebenzi abakwazi ukukhokhela imithi ebalulekile edingekayo ekwelashweni kwabo.
USharif Qarmout, 58, wasekamu iJabaliya, ukhubazekile kusukela okhalweni kusukela ngo-1979 ngesikhathi ewa izitezi eziyisithupha endaweni yokwakha eRishon Letzion, ngaseTel Aviv. Ukulahlekelwa imali yakhe yenyanga engu-$1,150 sekufake lo mndeni ebunzimeni obukhulu njengoba udonsa kanzima ungagcini nje ngokuthenga ukudla kodwa nokukhokha imali engu-$350 inyanga ngayinye yemithi engu-15 ehlukene ayidingayo ukuze alawule ukungakwazi ukuzithiba, ukuthuthukisa ukujikeleza kwegazi emilenzeni yakhe. futhi uvimbele ukucindezeleka.
“Esikhathini esidlule u-Israel wayeka ukunikeza umkami imvume yokuya esibhedlela e-Ashkelon ayolanda imithi,” kusho uMnu Qarmout, osebenzisa isihlalo esinamasondo. “Ngaphoqeleka ukuthi ngizithenge ngasese eGaza, kodwa manje angisenayo imali. Bengisebenzisa amakhemisi ahlukene, ngikhokha ngesikweletu, kodwa akukwazi ukuqhubeka isikhathi eside. Sengiqalile ukwehlisa imithamo ukuze ngenze izidakamizwa zihlale isikhathi eside.”
UMnu Qarmout uthe izingane zakhe ezintathu esezikhulile bezihlala kulo muzi ukuze zimnakekele, njengoba umkakhe ehlala elele ngenxa yezinkinga ezinzima zeqolo kusukela eminyakeni engu-30 amphakamisa.
"Akekho obhekelela abantu abafana nami - hhayi iHamas, hhayi i-Israel."
UMarie Badarne, weLabourers’ Voice, okuyinhlangano elwela amalungelo abasebenzi ezinze eNazareth, uthe ukuhlukunyezwa kukahulumeni wakwa-Israel kwabasebenzi abakhubazekile kuhambisana nenkinga ebanzi kakhulu ebhekene nabantu baseGazan abebeqashwe kwa-Israel kuze kube muva nje.
Uthe izinkulungwane zabasebenzi baseGaza zanqanyulwa izinkontileka zabo kwa-Israel ngaphandle kwesaziso ngabaqashi entwasahlobo ka-2004, ngemuva nje kokuthi uhulumeni ka-Ariel Sharon ememezele ukuthi "izokhipha" i-enclave ehlobo lika-2005.
Iningi lalisebenza ezakhiweni, emagalaji, ezimbonini zendwangu, ezindaweni zokusebenzela zokubaza noma njengezisebenzi zezolimo ngaphakathi kwa-Israel noma ezindaweni ezimbalwa zokuhlala zamaJuda ngaphakathi eGaza ezahlakazwa ngo-August 2005.
“Ngobusuku bangaphezu kuka-20,000 XNUMX abasebenzi abahoshelwe izimvume zokusebenza base belahlekelwa yizimpilo zabo,” kusho yena. "Bebelokhu bekhokha ohlelweni lokuvikela umphakathi, abanye babo amashumi eminyaka, kodwa benqatshelwa amalungelo abo asemthethweni, njengeholo lokudilizwa emsebenzini, isikhathi esengeziwe kanye nezibonelelo zamaholide."
I-Labourers 'Voice ithe uphenyo lwayo selukhombisile nokuthi iningi labaqashi bakwa-Israel belikhokhela abasebenzi baseGaza ngaphansi komholo omncane.
Ngokwezibalo zayo, izisebenzi ezidiliziwe zaseGaza umuntu ngamunye ukweleta imali ephakathi kuka-$12,000 no-$50,000, okusho ukuthi abaqashi bakwa-Israel “bakhwabanise abasebenzi amashumi, uma kungenjalo amakhulu, ezigidi zamaRandi,” kusho uNksz Badarne.
NgoJulayi, iqembu lamaNazaretha lafaka izicelo egameni labasebenzi abangaphezu kuka-40 enkantolo yezabasebenzi eBeersheva, evumile ukulalela amacala. Bonke abasebenzi bebeqashwe inkampani yefenisha, iningi labo njengababazi, endaweni yezimboni e-Erez eseduze neGaza Strip.
UNksz Badarne uthe inkampani ayizange iphike ukuthi abasebenzi bakweletwa imali kodwa ivikele isenzo sayo ngokuthi iGaza imenyezelwe “njengenhlangano yesitha”.
"Abameli babo bashilo ukuthi, ngenxa yokuthi iGaza iyinhlangano yesitha, izakhamizi kufanele zithathwe njengabantu abanobutha," kusho yena. “Batshele ijaji ukuthi i-Israel akumele ivulele amaphekula iminyango futhi ukuqeda ukuvinjezelwa kwezomnotho kuzosebenza ngokumelene nezidingo zombuso wakwa-Israel.
“Emizameni yokuqinisa inkulumo yabo yokuthi icala eliseka abasebenzi lichithwe, abameli baze bathumelela inkantolo ikhophi yomqulu weHamas nokuhlaziya ukuthi usho ukuthini.”
Ubuye wengeza ngokuthi, ngaphandle kokuthi abaqashi bakwa-Israel babamba imali yezokuphepha kwezenhlalakahle emiholweni yamaGazans, abasebenzi abasakwazi ukusebenzisa izinzuzo okufanele babe nelungelo lokuzithola.
“Uma begula, ngokwesibonelo, laba basebenzi kufanele babe nelungelo lokusebenzisa izibhedlela zakwa-Israel ngoba bakhokha umshwalense wezempilo, kodwa-ke leso sibopho asisahlonishwa. Kwezinye izimo, uma kubhekwa ukuhlinzekwa kokunakekelwa kwezempilo okuwohlokayo eGaza ngaphansi kokuvinjwa, lelo lungelo lingasho umehluko phakathi kwempilo nokufa. ”
URonit Geduldir, okhulumela iNational Insurance Institute kwa-Israel, uthe izikhulu zifuna isixazululo emindenini yabasebenzi abakhubazekile ethintwe yisinqumo sebhange.
“Lolu wudaba olubucayi kakhulu futhi asilushayi indiva,” kusho yena. “Imali isilinde imindeni lapha, kodwa kuze kube manje asikayitholi indlela yokuyihambisa kuyona.”
I-Israel iphinde yafuna ukuqeda ilungelo lezakhamuzi zasePalestine lokufuna isinxephezelo ngokulimala ezikuthole ezandleni zamasosha akwa-Israel.
Umthethosivivinywa owawukhulula umbuso ezimangalweni ezingokomthetho zabantu basePalestine ngokulimala komuntu siqu noma ukulinyazwa kwempahla okwabangelwa amasosha ngesikhathi se-intifada yesibili waphasiswa ehlobo lika-2005 kodwa wachithwa ngemva konyaka yiNkantolo Ephakeme.
U-Hassan Jabareen, ongumqondisi we-Adalah, uthe lo mthetho usanda kuchibiyelwa ngemizamo yokweqa inkantolo kanti kulindeleke ukuthi uphinde udluliselwe ephalamende kule nyanga.
UJonathan Cook ungumbhali nentatheli ezinze eNazareth, kwa-Israel. Izincwadi zakhe zakamuva zithi “I-Israel kanye Nokungqubuzana Kwezimpucuko: I-Iraq, i-Iran kanye Nohlelo Lokwenza Kabusha IMpumalanga Ephakathi” (Pluto Press) kanye “NePalestine Enyamalalayo: Izilingo Zakwa-Israyeli Ekuphelelweni Ithemba Komuntu” (Izincwadi Ze-Zed). Iwebhusayithi yakhe www.jkcook.net.
Inguqulo yalesi sihloko yaqala ukuvela ku-National (www.thenational.ae), eyanyatheliswa ku-Abu Dhabi.
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