Ngenkathi amasosha ase-US kanye nezakhamuzi eziqokwe kubaphathi bakaBush bezama ukubuyisela ukuhleleka nokulungisa ingqalasizinda yase-Iraq, imibhikisho emelene nokuhlaselwa kweMelika iyaqhubeka kulo lonke izwe elikhungethwe yimpi. Emasontweni ambalwa edlule, amasosha ase-US adubule abulala izakhamuzi ezingu-18 futhi alimaza ababhikishi abacishe babe yi-100 ababhikisha emigwaqweni, bephikisana ngentukuthelo nokuba khona kwamasosha aseMelika edolobheni lase-Fallujah. Khonamanjalo, uLt General Jay Garner, indoda eqokwe umongameli Bush ukuba abuse ngemva kwempi yase-Iraq, usebenzela ukusungula uhulumeni wesikhashana ngokukhetha izithunywa zomhlangano kazwelonke. Umhlangano wesikhashana, ozokhethwa ngabadingiswa base-Iraq kanye namadlelandawonye okuphatha uBush, uzophinde ukhethe isigungu esiphezulu noma undunankulu.
Omunye wemibuzo emikhulu ebhekene ne-White House ukuphatha imboni kawoyela yase-Iraq enendawo yesibili ngobukhulu emhlabeni. Impendulo engaphelele yalowo mbuzo yavezwa lapho i-US iqoka lowo owayeyisikhulu esiphezulu senkampani yakwaShell Oil uPhilip J. Carroll ukuthi abe usihlalo wekomiti labaluleki elizokwengamela imboni kawoyela yase-Iraq. Kodwa, nangaphambi kokuba i-US iqale impi yayo ne-Baghdad ngokwephula umthetho-sisekelo weNhlangano Yezizwe, uMnyango Wezwe wawuhlangana nabaphathi bezinkampani zikawoyela kanye namaqembu adingisiwe ukuze uhlelele ukuphathwa kanye nokwenziwa kwangasese komkhakha kawoyela wase-Iraq.
Phakathi kweThe Lines uScott Harris ukhulume noMichael Renner, umcwaningi omkhulu weWorld Watch Institute, odingida ngeqhaza okungenzeka ukuthi umnotho kawoyela wase-Iraq ulidlalile esinqumweni sokuphatha sikaBush sokushushisa impi emelene neBaghdad kanye nethuba lokuthi le mboni izoba maduze. eyimfihlo futhi inikezwe izinkampani zikawoyela ezizinze e-US.
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UMichael Renner: Uyazi ukuthi kuyathakazelisa, impela uma umuntu elalela noma yiziphi izikhulu zokuphatha, noma yimuphi wabakhulumeli, kukhona uhlobo lokuphika ngokushesha ukuthi noma yikuphi obekwenzeka e-Iraq - okuhlobene nempi, okuholela phambili. empini - ngisho nangendlela ekude ehlobene nowoyela. Lokho kuphazamisa ngempela ukuthatheka, ngicabanga, ngoba ngokusobala kunzima ukuqonda ukuthi bekwenzekani e-Iraq nokuthi bekwenzekani eMiddle East amashumi eminyaka amaningi manje ngaphandle kokubheka iqiniso lokuthi lesi yisifunda esinemithombo kawoyela ecebe kakhulu. emhlabeni. Lokho kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu futhi ebaluleke kakhulu ngoba i-United States namanye amazwe aya ngokuya encika kuwoyela ongenisiwe ngakho-ke, ukuthola ukufinyelela noma ukuba namandla ezepolitiki phezu kwemibandela lapho uwoyela utholakala khona kubaluleke kakhulu. . Bekubalulekile kubaphathi bangaphambilini. Ngicabanga ukuthi lokhu kuyinto engakasuki nje.
Between The Lines: Sitshele kancane mayelana nezingxoxo ezaziqhubeka phakathi koMnyango Wezwe kanye nezinhlangano zikawoyela lapha e-United States. Kuthiwani uma kukhona okuxoxwe ngakho ngaphambi kokuthi kuqubuke impi mayelana neqhaza lezinkampani zikaphethiloli ezizinze e-US embonini kawoyela yase-Iraq?
UMichael Renner: Ngokusobala kube nemihlangano eminingana ehilela izikhulu zoMnyango Wezwe, kodwa ngokusobala nezikhulu zePentagon, abantu base-Iraq abadingisiwe kanye nabamele abahlukahlukene bezinkampani zikawoyela zaseMelika. Kodwa asazi ngempela ukuthi kwakuxoxwa ngani kule mihlangano. Abanye babahlanganyeli baze baphika ukuthi kukhona imihlangano eke yaba khona. Ngicabanga ngokucacile ukuthi babenezindebe eziqinile ngoba lesi yisihloko esibucayi kakhulu futhi sasibucayi nakakhulu ngaphambi kwempi ngoba abaphathi bakaBush babelokhu begcizelela ukuthi abazange banqume ukuya empini, ukuthi impi bekumele ibe yindlela yokugcina futhi. njalonjalo. Ngicabanga ukuthi obekwenzeka, nokho, ngokuvamile, futhi yilokhu esikuzwile muva nje, ukuthi ikakhulukazi phakathi kwezikhulu ezibalulekile ePentagon kukhona umfutho oqinile wokudayiswa kwemboni kawoyela, futhi ngokusobala muhle impela. okuningi kuzo zonke izimboni zase-Iraqi. Imininingwane futhi, yebo, asazi ngempela, kodwa ngicabanga ukuthi lokho kungasho ukuthi indima ebaluleke kakhulu izonikezwa abamele izinkampani ezingezona ezase-Iraqi kunangaphambili.
Siyazi-ke ukuthi sibe nezinkampani ezizimele eziningi emkhakheni kawoyela nakwezinye izindawo emazweni amaningi emhlabeni jikelele futhi impikiswano evuna lokho ibilokhu iwukuthi kudala ukukhula okukhulu komnotho nethuba elikhulu lawo wonke umuntu. ; "Wonke umuntu uzoba ngcono." Kodwa ngicabanga ukuthi iqiniso emazweni amaningi kakhulu laliwukuthi ukungezwani phakathi kwabampofu nabacebile kwanda kakhulu. Akukacaci ukuthi kungani i-Iraq izophuma kangcono, kungani lolo hlobo lomphumela lungeke lube khona nase-Iraq. Ikakhulukazi uma lokhu kuqhutshwa ngokuyisisekelo yizinhlobo ezifanayo zezikhulu kanye nezinhlobo ezifanayo zezomnotho ebezicindezela izinhlelo zangaphambili zokwenziwa kwangasese kwenye indawo. Ngakho lokho, kimi, ngicabanga, kuyinto eyodwa enkulu ukukhathazeka.
Phakathi Kwemigqa: Kwakukhona izinsolo ezinkulu mayelana nezisusa ze-United States ngenkathi ihlasela i-Iraq. Ohulumeni abaningi, abantu abaningi emhlabeni wonke babecabanga ukuthi inhloso ye-US e-Iraq kwakuwukuthola ukufinyelela kuwoyela. Ngakho-ke, uma manje uhulumeni wase-Iraqi ngaphansi kokuqeqeshwa kwe-US ngokuzumayo ebeka uwoyela ngasese, ngeke yini lokho kuphakamise amashiya kuphela, kodwa mhlawumbe kubangele neziyaluyalu eziningi e-Iraq ngokwayo nasezindaweni ezizungezile?
UMichael Renner: Ngingacabanga ukuthi impendulo kungenzeka ukuthi โyebo.โ Impela kungangeza ezinsolweni ezisobala. Futhi ngicabanga futhi, ngisho nokunikezwa impendulo yokuqala kakhulu e-Iraq emsebenzini wase-US, okwakungeyona yonke into enhle, umuntu kufanele acabange ukuthi ezinye zalezi zinyathelo zizofaka ngempela ubutha obubonakala bukhona kakhulu e-Iraq. .
Ngicabanga ukuthi kunombuzo omkhulu mayelana nokuthi kungani abaphathi bephusha kanzima kangaka umkhandlu olulekayo wenkonzo kawoyela wase-Iraqi, okuyiqiniso manje ukuthi ihlanganiswe ndawonye. Kungani lowo mkhandlu owelulekayo uholwa yilowo owayeyi-CEO yakwaShell Oil, okuyinkampani engaphansi kwe-US yeRoyal Dutch Shell? Kungani omunye wabanye abeluleki ababalulekile, umuntu owayekade ene-ExxonMobil? Lokho abahlaziyi abaningi bemboni kawoyela, engicabanga ukuthi, bavumelana ngakho isikhathi eside, ukuthi i-Iraq ibikwazi ngempela ukuqhuba imboni yayo kawoyela. Kukhona ikhono lobuchwepheshe, ulwazi lokuphatha nokunye. Yize kuyiqiniso impela ukuthi izinsiza eziningi zaleyo mboni manje sezisesimweni esibi kakhulu ngenxa yeminyaka eminingi yenswinyo futhi i-Iraq ayikwazanga ukungenisa izingxenye eziyisipele nemishini nokunye, lelo khono nolwazi e-Iraq alukapheli. . Ngakho-ke kukhona engicabanga ukuthi, uphawu lombuzo olukhulu olunamathiselwe kulo mbuzo: "Kungani kukhona lesi sidingo somkhandlu olulekayo?" Kungani ungazami nje ukuhlanganisa kabusha uMnyango Wezamafutha wase-Iraqi? Bavumele baqhube izinto futhi ngokuyisisekelo bangazami ukushintsha nje sonke isakhiwo. Ngakho-ke ngicabanga ukuthi kuningi okusengcupheni ngoba ngokusobala-ke, umbuzo uba "Yimiphi imigomo?" Ubani ngempela owinayo? Ubani olahlekelwayo? Ingakanani inzuzo, ingakanani imali engenayo eya kubantu basendaweni? Ngiqonde ukuthi, sizwa okuningi mayelana nalokhu mayelana nezinkulumo, kodwa hhayi kakhulu ngokwemibandela ethile.
Xhumana ne-World Watch Institute ngokushayela ku-(202) 452-1999 noma uvakashele isizindalwazi sabo sewebhu ku http://www.worldwatch.org
Ukuze uthole izixhumanisi ezihlobene nge-Iraq yangemva kwempi kanye nendatshana kaMichael Renner ethi โPost-Saddam Iraq: Linchpin of a New Oil Order,โ vakashela isizindalwazi sethu se-Between The Lines. Ngeviki Eliphela NgoMeyi 16, 2003
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