NgoLwesihlanu, abahloli abakhulu bezikhali be-UN uHans Blix noMohamed ElBaradei benze imibiko yabo kuMkhandlu Wezokuphepha we-UN. Iphephandaba lase-U.S., elibhala ngokulangazela imibiko yangaphambilini, alizange likhulume ngalo mcimbi. Kungani? Ngoba yomibili imibiko ifinyelela iziphetho eziphambene ncamashi nalokho abaphathi bakaBush ababekuthembile kuBlix no-ElBaradei.
Umbiko kaBlix ugcizelele ukuthi i-Iraq ibambisana nabahloli ngezindlela eziningi, okuhlanganisa nokuvumela izindiza ezigadwayo endaweni yayo ngaphandle kokufuna isexwayiso kusengaphambili nokuvumela izingxoxo ezizimele nososayensi base-Iraq. Ngenkathi izikhulu zokuphatha uBush zithi amagumbi okuxoxisana anezinkinga, azisitsheli ukuthi zikwazi kanjani lokho, futhi azichazi ukuthi lokhu kwehluke kanjani emizamweni yase-US yokukhomba amalungu โanenzondoโ oMkhandlu Wezokuphepha we-UN ngama-elekthronikhi. ukubhekwa (iqiniso elincane eliputshuzwe amaphephandaba aseBrithani, kodwa abezindaba base-U.S. abangalinaki kakhulu).
Ngaphezu kokubhekana nezidingo ezibalulekile zokuphatha kukaBush noBlair (izindiza ezigadwayo kanye nezingxoxo ezizimele), i-Iraq inikeze abahloli be-UN uhlu lwabantu abathintekayo ekucekeleni phansi izikhali zamakhemikhali nezamagciwane, atholakala futhi anikezela ngemibhalo ezinhlelweni zayo ze-VX kanye ne-anthrax, izibophezele ekukhipheni umbiko omusha nowandisiwe mayelana nezinhlelo zayo ze-VX ne-anthrax, futhi yaqoka ikhomishana kahulumeni ukuthi ikhiphe eminye imibhalo enjalo futhi ithole nobufakazi obuzosekela izicelo zayo zezikhali ezacekelwa phansi ngemva nje kweMpi YaseGulf.
UBlix waphawula ukuthi i-Iraq ibamba iqhaza ezinhlelweni ezimbili zamanje, ezisebenzayo zokuqeda izikhali njengamanje. Esinye siwukumbiwa kwendawo endala yokulahlwa okuye kuze kube manje kwembulwe amabhomu angu-2 agcwele uketshezi lwe-R-400, ezinye izikhali eziyisi-6 eziphelele, nezingcezu zamabhomu eziningi. Okunye ukucekelwa phansi kwemicibisholo ye-Al Samoud 34 engu-2, isiqhumane se-missile, izinjini zamarokhethi ezi-5, kanye namagumbi okuphonsa ama-2 asetshenziselwa ukwenza i-Al Samoud. UBlix uphawule ukucekelwa phansi kwemicibisholo ye-Al Samoud โnjengesilinganiso esikhulu sokuhoxiswa kwezikhali - ngempela, esokuqala kusukela maphakathi nawo-1990s.โ Wabe eseqhubeka nokuthukuthela lokhu kudumisa okuphezulu ngesexwayiso sokuthi i-Iraq ithathe ikhefu losuku olulodwa ekubhubhiseni kwabo imicibisholo ye-Al Samoud; akazange, nokho, aveze ukuthi kwakunguLwesihlanu, usuku olungcwele lwamaMuslim.
U-Colin Powell ugomele ngokuthi i-Iraq iqhumisa uhlelo lwayo lokukhiqiza ukuze ikhiqize ama-Al Samoud amaningi futhi, ukukhohlisa abahloli, ihambahamba izinjini zamarokhethi kanye nemishini edingekayo ukwenza imicibisholo. Lokhu akunangqondo. Ukuhambisa amagumbi amakhulu okusakaza ngesaziso somzuzwana nje akunakwenzeka. Futhi ngokugadwa kwezindiza eziningi, imizamo enjalo izobonakala ngokushesha kubahloli. UBlix akazange anikeze inkomba yokuthi izindiza ezigadwayo sezithathe noma yimiphi imizamo emikhulu yokuthutha imishini esindayo yezimboni.
UBlix ushayele isigxobo enhliziyweni yecala elibalulekile lase-US: lokuthi i-Iraq inamalebhu eselula e-bioweapons. Abahloli be-UN balandele ubuhlakani obuvela ku-CIA futhi bahlola amalabhorethri okuhlola ukudla omakhalekhukhwini, ama-workshop angomahamba nendlwana, neziqukathi ezinkulu eziphethe imishini yokucubungula imbewu. Abatholanga bufakazi bamalebhu e-bioweapons eselula.
UBlix uphinde wagxeka izimangalo zase-US zokuthi uSaddam ufihla izikhali zakhe zokucekela phansi okukhulu ngaphansi komhlaba. Abahloli be-UN basebenzise i-radar engena phansi futhi bavakashela amasayithi anconywe i-CIA kanye ne-British intelligence, kodwa abatholanga ubufakazi bomsebenzi ongaphansi komhlaba, imigudu yesitimela eguquliwe, amalebhu ezikhali zamaselula angcwatshwe, noma amanye amaphupho anjalo.
I-Blix iphinde yasho okuncamelayo "kokuphinda kabili inani lolwazi lwekhwalithi ephezulu mayelana neziza okufanele zihlolwe kunenani eliphindwe kabili labahloli abangochwepheshe" - isicelo esiqondile sokuthi i-U.S. neBrithani bayeke ukuzulazula futhi banikeze amaqembu okuhlola ubuhlakani obengeziwe nobungcono.
UBlix uqede umbiko wakhe ngamaphuzu amabili abalulekile. Okokuqala, i-UNMOVIC iqhubekela phambili ekuzibophezeleni kwayo ekubhaleni uhlelo lomsebenzi oluzofaka uhlu lwemisebenzi esele yokwehlisa izikhali - intuthuko abaphathi bakaBush abayesabayo. Uhlu olunjalo luzokwenza kube nzima ukuthi izikhulu zase-US ziqhubeke nokumangalela uhulumeni wase-Iraqi ezingenabufakazi, izinsolo ezibeke izinga eliphezulu e-Iraq futhi, okuxakayo, zenze inqubo yokuhlola iqhubeke unomphela uma i-US ibingahlosile. impi. Lolu hlu lumelela ukukhanya ekupheleni komhubhe we-Iraq; uma ikwazi ukuhlangabezana nemigomo ecaciswe ngokucacile yi-UN, ingase ibone unswinyo lususiwe esikhathini esithile phakathi nokuphila kwethu. Okungenani ithemba likhona; iqiniso liwukuthi i-U.S. izosiphikisa lesi sinyathelo inqobo nje uma uSaddam Hussein esaphila futhi esemandleni - futhi inqobo nje uma uGeorge Bush esalokhu ephethe.
Iphuzu lesibili eliyisihluthulelo kwaba ukulinganisa kuka-Blix kwesikhathi esidingekayo ukuze kuphothulwe uhlelo lokuhlola nokuncishiswa kwezikhali. Wavumelana nesinqumo sikaGeorge W. Bush sangaphambili sokuthi i-US izonikeza i-Iraq "amasonto, hhayi izinyanga" ukuthi ikhiphe izikhali, kodwa umehluko obalulekile. Nasi isicaphuna esiqondile: โKuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuxazulula imisebenzi ebalulekile esele yokwehlisa izikhali? Nakuba ukubambisana kungaba futhi kufanele kwenzeke ngokushesha, ukuhoxiswa kwezikhali kanye nanoma yiliphi izinga ukuqinisekiswa kwakho ngeke kube khona manjalo. Noma ngabe isimo sengqondo sase-Iraqi esisebenzayo, esibangelwa ukuqhubeka kwengcindezi yangaphandle, kusazothatha isikhathi ukuqinisekisa amasayithi nezinto, ukuhlaziya imibhalo, ukuxoxisana nabantu abafanelekile, bese ufinyelela iziphetho. Kwakungeke kuthathe iminyaka, noma amasonto, kodwa izinyanga.โ
Izinyanga, hhayi amasonto. Futhi ngokuqinisekile hhayi izinsuku eziyishumi, njengoba i-US yafuna ngokushesha - isinyathelo esithumele okungenani amavoti amabili kwayisithupha kuMkhandlu Wezokuphepha we-UN ekamu laseFranco-German-Russian. Ukuhlubuka kwePakistan, ikakhulukazi, kwashaqisa osomaqhinga base-US ababecabanga ukuthi iPakistan isephaketheni likaBush ngenxa yayo yonke imali yokulwa nobuphekula esiyisebenzisile kubo. Izimfuno ezinolaka, ezikhohlisayo zingahlukanisa noma ubani, kubonakala sengathi.
Inhloko yokuhlolwa kwezikhali zenuzi e-Iraq, u-Mohamed ElBaradei, uphindaphinde ukusebenza kwakhe okuvusa amadlingozi maphakathi noFebhuwari, lapho athethisa khona ngesibindi uColin Powell ngokwethula ubufakazi obunephutha. Ngokujabulisayo, isitatimende sakhe sokuqala bekuwumzamo ongasho lutho wokukhumbuza uMkhandlu Wezokuphepha ukuthi i-Iraq ihlupheke ngaphansi kweshumi leminyaka lokujeziswa okuye kwayiphuca izingxenye nemishini yokwakha kabusha ingqalasizinda yayo yezimboni. Ochwepheshe abanekhono base-Iraqi kanye nososayensi balishiye izwe bayofuna imisebenzi engcono nezimo zokuphila ezingenzima phesheya. Kepha bekuyindlela akusho ngayo eyenza ukuthi izikhulu zaseMelika zithukuthelise: "umthamo wezimboni uwohloke kakhulu, ngenxa yokusuka koxhaso lwakwamanye amazwe olwaluvame ukuba khona ngasekupheleni kwawo-1980โฆ" - kubhekiselwa ngqo ekwesekeni kwabaphathi bakwaRegean. kaSaddam ngeminyaka lapho akha futhi esebenzisa izikhali zakhe zokucekela phansi okukhulu.
U-ElBaradei wenze enye inkomba yokungasebenzisani kwe-U.S. Ucele amazwe angamalungu ukuthi avumele abahloli be-IAEA ukuthi baxoxisane nososayensi base-Iraq ababedingisiwe abahlala emazweni abo - okuyisidingo esicacile sokukhuluma โnabahlubukiโ uPowell kanye ne-CIA abathembele kubo kakhulu ukuthuthukisa icala lokuphatha likaBush ngokumelene ne-Iraq.
U-ElBaradei wabe esekhuluma ngamacala amathathu amakhulu u-Colin Powell awenzile ngemuva kwemibiko yamaphakathi noFebhuwari ye-UN. Okokuqala, amashubhu aluminium. I-IAEA ibuyekeze imibhalo yokuklama yase-Iraqi, amarekhodi okuthengwa kwempahla, imizuzu yemihlangano, amasampula, nolunye ulwazi, futhi ochwepheshe bayo bama-centrifuge enuzi baphethe, futhi, ukuthi amashubhu e-aluminium athengwe ukuze asetshenziselwe ukuhlehla kobunjiniyela bamarokhethi. I-Iraq ayinawo amandla okushintsha amashubhu ukuze asetshenziswe kuma-centrifuges enyukliya.
I-IAEA iphinde yahlola ukuthengwa kwe-Iraq kozibuthe abasindayo futhi yaphetha ngokuthi omazibuthe basetshenziselwe izinhlelo zokuqondisa imicibisholo, imishini yezimboni, amamitha kagesi, kanye nezingcingo zasensimini. Abekho kuzibuthe abafanele ukusetshenziswa njengamabheringi kazibuthe kuma-centrifuges enuzi.
Ekugcineni, i-IAEA yaphenya icala lokuthi i-Iraq yayifuna ukuthola i-uranium e-Afrika. Ngokuhlaziya imibhalo yesivumelwano esisolwayo phakathi kwe-Iraq nesizwe saseNiger, nokuqhathanisa leyo mibhalo namafomu angempela akhishwe uhulumeni waseNiger, u-ElBaradei uphethe ngokuthi imibhalo yase-Iraq/Niger yayingamanga. Kuningi kakhulu ukunemba kobuhlakani baseBrithani kanye nokuthatheka kukaGeorge Bush noColin Powell.
U-ElBaradei waphetha umbiko wakhe ngokuphinda lokho akusho maphakathi no-February: โNgemuva kwezinyanga ezintathu zokuhlolwa okungenelele, kuze kube manje abukho ubufakazi noma inkomba ebambekayo yokuvuselelwa kohlelo lwezikhali zenuzi e-Iraq.โ
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa kuphela ngokuphana kwabafundi bayo.
Nikela