U-AMY GOODMAN: Lesi siqephu sengxoxo yami esesiteji no-Alice Walker.
U-AMY GOODMAN: Bengisho nje ku-Alice ukuthi ngicabanga ukuthi isikhathi sokugcina lapho ngimbona sasilungile ngaphambi kokuhlasela. KwakuwuSuku Lwabesifazane Lwamazwe Ngamazwe, ngoMashi 8, 2003. Wayemi phambi kweNdlu Emhlophe noMaxine Hong Kingston, uTerry Tempest Williams, kanye nenani labanye besifazane. Kwakungelona iqulu labantu besifazane abangaba ngu-15 noma ngaphezulu, bama lapho, izingalo zihluthulelwe, amaphoyisa athi abanyakaze, bathi cha. Futhi bonke baboshwa. Besizama ukudlulisa umyalezo wabo emisakazweni yomphakathi. Bengixoxa nabo ngomakhalekhukhwini. Amaphoyisa awazange akwazise lokho. Ngakho, ngempela, ngigcina ukumbona naye esitokisini. Kodwa, Alice, washo ngalolo suku, njengoba sasisenqoleni ye-paddy noma enqoleni yamaphoyisa, ukuthi kwakuwusuku olujabulisa kakhulu ekuphileni kwakho. Kungani?
U-ALICE WALKER: Awu, ubulapho. Ngimncoma kakhulu lo wesifazane futhi ngimthanda kakhulu u-Amy. Muhle ngendlela emangalisayo, futhi wenza umsebenzi omuhle kangaka emhlabeni. Futhi ngizizwa ngiziqhenya ngaye. Ngakho ngajabula kakhulu ngokuthi uye wavela ezokhuluma nathi ngokuthi kungani sasilapho. Akekho omunye owayebuza. Ngakho-ke, sasilapho, siboshiwe kule nto yokugada, futhi empeleni ngazizwa ngijabule ngendlela emangalisayo, ngoba kwenzekani lapho ufuna ukuveza intukuthelo yakho, usizi lwakho, usizi lwakho - ngokuyisisekelo usizi lulapho esikhona manje, nje ukupholisa amathambo. usizi - lapho usukwazi ukuqoqa amabutho akho futhi ubhekane nokwesaba kwakho ngobusuku obudlule, futhi ufika, uvela, futhi uzibeka lapho, futhi uyazi ukuthi ungumuntu omncane nje - uyazi , ungumuntu omncane nje - futhi kukhona lo mshini omkhulu ohamba ngokuqhubekayo emhlabeni wonke, bese uhlangana nabo bonke abanye abantu, obaziyo, abancane njengawe, kodwa wena' ndawonye, โโfuthi empeleni wenza lokho ozimisele ukukwenza, okuwukuveza ukunengeka okuphelele, ukungaboni ngaso linye, ukudumala ngempi yase-Iraq, mayelana nokwenzeka kokuba iqale futhi, zonke lezi zingane, eziningi zazo ngaphansi kwe abaneminyaka engu-15, sebezosatshiswa, bahlukunyezwe, babulawe - abaningi babo - ngakho-ke, ukuze bakwazi ukwenza noma yiluphi uhlobo lwesenzo okusho ukuthi abantu abazolimala bazokwazi ukuthi sithi ngiyavuma, ukwazi nje ukwenza lokho kwangijabulisa kakhulu. Ngangijabule ngokuphelele. Futhi ngicabanga ukuthi singafunda ukuhlala kuleyondawo yokuzibonakalisa ngokugcwele ngokumelene nenhlekelele kanye nokuba nezinto kanye nenjabulo.
U-AMY GOODMAN: Ubulokhu uqhubeka nobudlelwano nephoyisa elikufake ozankosi.
U-ALICE WALKER: Yebo, ngoba ubengafuni ngempela ukukwenza. Futhi ngangibona ukuthi babengafuni ngempela ukusibopha. Futhi yena, le ndoda yase-Afrika yaseMelika, yayingafuni ngempela ukungibopha. Futhi ngikuqonda ngokuphelele lokho. Ungathanda ukungibopha? Cha. Cha, cha. Ubungeke. Ngakho-ke noma bengibopha ozankosi, baxolisa ngathi, o, uyazi - ngoba nami bengicabanga ukuthi ubeke ozankosi kanjalo, uyazi, izandla zakho ngaphambili, kodwa bazibeka ngemuva kwakho. Bengingakakuqapheli lokho ngaphambili. Futhi ngakho, kwakukhona isilinganiso esithile sokuxolisa.
Kwase kuthi kamuva, ngemva kokuba sesikhululiwe, niyazi, bathatha izicathulo zakho, ngakho waye-รขโฌโ ngangilapho ngizama ukuzigqokisa izicathulo zami, futhi weza waguqa ngamadolo, wayesethi, รขโฌลAke ngikusize.รขโฌ Ngathi, รขโฌลImpela.รขโฌ Ngalukhipha unyawo lwami, futhi wangisiza ngezicathulo zami, futhi saqala ukukhuluma ngabantwana bakhe. Nokho, okokuqala, wangitshela ngomkakhe. Wathi, โUyazi, lapho ngitshela umkami ukuthi ngikubophile, akazange ajabule.โ Ngakho, ngase ngimbuza ngomndeni wakhe, futhi wangitshela ngezingane zakhe, futhi ngamtshela ukuthi bhala izincwadi zezingane. Futhi ngakho wathi, โO, kunjalo? Ngoba, niyazi, akukho okungafundwa. Izingane zonke zibukele umabonakude.รขโฌ Ngathi, รขโฌลKuyiqiniso lokho.รขโฌ Ngakho kwagcina ngokuthi ngizithumelele izincwadi futhi nginomuzwa wokuthi lena indlela enhle kakhulu yokuba namaphoyisa.
Futhi ngingavele ngiveze kancane emaphoyiseni nakithi? Ngoba ngibonile muva nje โ ngaya e-Houston e-Astrodome ukuyoyisa izincwadi nezinye izinto kubantu, namaphoyisa, iningi lawo nawo ama-Afrika aseMelika, kodwa, niyazi, nezinye izinhlobo eziningi zabantu, nazo, nazo. weza ngapha. Futhi kwaba sobala ukuthi bona, njengabantu ababelahlekelwe imizi, babezifuna ngempela izincwadi ezithile. Kodwa bazizwa njengabo, njengoba omunye wabo asho kimi, รขโฌลNgingathanda ngempela incwadi, kodwa angisibona abantu. Ngingamaphoyisa.รขโฌ Ngathi kuyena, abanye abantu basho kanjalo, nabo, bathi, รขโฌลUyazi, laba bantu bangamaphoyisa, akubona abantu.
Nokho ngithe kubantu nasemaphoyiseni amaphoyisa angabantu, futhi kumele sikhumbule ukuthi amaphoyisa angabantu kanjalo nabantu. Futhi-ke, niyazi, babekhona, laba bafana abakhulu okungenzeka ukuthi bebengakaze babe nomuntu abanikeze incwadi ukuthi bayifunde eminyakeni, uma kwenzeka. Babengene ebuthweni nasembuthweni wamaphoyisa ngoba bengafundile. Lokho kuyingxenye yokuthi kungani bengamaphoyisa. Ngakho-ke, ngizizwa nginamandla kakhulu ukuthi njengoba siya kulo msebenzi, okuningi kwawo, okuyinto ngokungangabazeki okufanele siyenze, ukuthi sikhumbula ngisho nalapho amaphoyisa enza ngempela, njengoba sasivame ukusho phansi eNingizimu, kubi, ukuthi siyakhumbula ukuthi nabo bangabantu nokuthi lokhu รขโฌโ niyazi, ukuthi siyaqonda ukuthi baba kanjani ngendlela abayiyo, futhi sizame ukubamba leyo ndawo yokubabona njengabantu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yini. okwenzekayo.
U-AMY U-GOODMAN: Bengifunda i-biography ka-Evelyn White ngawe, ebizwa ngokuthi u-Alice Walker: A Life, futhi ubuyela emuva ku-1967, futhi usanda kufika eNew York, futhi ubuhambisa indaba ku-American Scholar. Kwakungu-1967, ngakho wawucishe, yini, uneminyaka engama-23 ubudala. Futhi wawunesihloko esithi โThe Civil Rights Movement: What Good Was It?โ Futhi wawufaka encwadini yakho ethi In Search of Our Mothersรขโฌโข Gardens. Ukubhale ngesikhathi esisodwa. Uwine umklomelo wokuqala. Yashicilelwa. รขโฌลI-Civil Rights Movement: Bekuyini Okuhle?รข Ungakhuluma nge-Civil Rights Movement enhlanganweni emelene nempi? Inhlangano yokulwa nempi, isiza ngani?
U-ALICE WALKER: Yebo, njengoba bengisho nge-Civil Rights Movement ukuthi kwesinye isikhathi awukwazi ukubona imiphumela ebonakalayo. Awukwazi ukubona izinguquko oziphuphayo, ngoba ezangaphakathi. Futhi okuningi kwakho kuhlobene nekhono lokuziveza, iphupho lakho lomuntu siqu kanye nendlela yakho yokuphila. Ngakho-ke, singase singayimisi impi. Kungenzeka singalokothi siyimise impi, futhi akunakwenzeka ukuthi empeleni sizoyimisa. Kodwa esikwenzayo njengoba sizama ukumisa impi ngaphandle, esizama ukukwenza wukumisa kithina. Yilapho impi okufanele iphele khona. Futhi kuze kube yilapho sesikwazi ukulawula udlame lwethu, intukuthelo yethu, ubutha bethu, unya lwethu, ubugovu bethu, kuzoba njalo, ngakho, kunzima kakhulu ukwenza noma yini laphaya. Ngakho-ke ngicabanga nganoma yimuphi umnyakazo wokuthula nobulungiswa njengento emayelana nokusimamisa umoya wethu wangaphakathi ukuze siqhubeke futhi silethe emhlabeni umbono onobuntu kakhulu kunalowo esiwuphethe namuhla.
U-AMY GOODMAN: U-Alice Walker ekhuluma e-Oakland, eCalifornia. Sizoqhubeka nenhlolokhono emzuzwini owodwa.
[ikhefu]
U-AMY GOODMAN: Sibuyela engxoxweni yethu nombhali owine uMklomelo wePulitzer u-Alice Walker.
U-AMY GOODMAN: Ekhuluma ngokunyakaza, iRosa Parks isanda kushona. Bekugujwa iminyaka engama-50, ngomhlaka-1 Disemba, we-Montgomery Bus Boycott. Imithombo yezindaba, lapho ichaza iRosa Parks, ikhulume ngaye njengomthungi okhathele owahlala phansi kulelo bhasi, nalapho umshayeli webhasi omhlophe ethi, รขโฌลSukuma,รขโฌ wamane wenqaba. Wayekhathele. Wayengeyena umuntu ohluphayo. Kodwa iRosa Parks, vele, yayiyinkathazo. Ungakwazi yini ukukhuluma ngokubaluleka kokunyakaza nokuthi kusho ukuthini ukuba yisishoshovu, kungani kunganciphisi okwenzayo, kodwa empeleni kunezela ekuzinikeleni kukaRosa impilo yonke? Kwengeza esithunzini sakhe nefa lakhe.
U-ALICE WALKER: Bengicabanga ngeRosa Parks, ngoba ngangise-Afrika lapho eshona, futhi ngakhumbula yonke into.
U-AMY GOODMAN: Kuphi?
U-ALICE WALKER: NgangiseSenegal edolobhaneni eliseNingizimu yeDakar. Bengivakashele lo mbhali ovelele wase-Afrika, u-Ayi Kwei Armah, obhale incwadi edumile nemangalisayo ebizwa ngokuthi Izinkathi Eziyizi-2,000, engiyincoma kuwo wonke umuntu. Ungumbhali onekhono, kodwa lapho ngibuya futhi ngibona ukuthi ushonile, empeleni angizange ngifune ukwenza lutho. Ngiqhwebe. Ngimqhwebe.
ILUNGU LEZETHAmeli: [kuzwakala]
U-ALICE WALKER: Yini? Futhi engangikukhumbula ngaye kwakungenkathi - okokugcina lapho ngimbona, engingathanda ukukhuluma ngakho, ngoba kwakukhona isithombe somphakathi, futhi esinye sezizathu ezenza ngibhale incwadi efana neMeridian ukuthi ngaphila. leso sikhathi se-Civil Rights Movement eNingizimu, futhi eziningi zezithombe zaziwukuthi: kwakuyizithombe. Kodwa kuningi okwenzeka ngemuva.
Ngakho ngeRosa Parks ngolunye usuku eMississippi, kwenzeka saba semcimbi ofanayo. Ngicabanga ukuthi wayehlonishwa ngakho, niyazi, yonke into ayesinikeze yona, futhi sasisetafuleni elilodwa, futhi ngicabanga ukuthi ngangingase nginikele ukumphelezela endlini yangasese, futhi ngangilapho kanye naye. Futhi yena-ngenkathi esazihlanganisa ukuze abuyele endlini yokwamukela izihambi noma ngabe kwakuyini into esasiyenza, ngokuphazima kweso wehlisa izinwele zakhe, futhi uRosa Parks wayenezinwele ezafika zehla kuye - niyazi. isingezansi, futhi ngokushesha wagijimisa iminwe yakhe kuwo. Futhi ngangimangele nje. Bengingazi. Wabe eseyisonta futhi, futhi wayibeka ngendlela obumbone ngayo, uyazi, ehlezi ephethe ibhanisi, icocekile kakhulu, ngathi kuye, รขโฌลNkosi yami, kuyini konke lokhu, Nkosazana Rosa? รข Futhi wangibuka, wayesethi, รขโฌลAwu, uyazi, ngiyingxenye ye-Choctaw, futhi izinwele zami zaziyinto umyeni wami ayeyithanda kakhulu, eyithanda kakhulu ngami. Wayezithanda izinwele zami.โ Futhi wathi, โFuthi, lapho efa, ngaziphakamisa, futhi angikaze ngizigqokise phambi kwabantu.โ Manje sekuneRosa.
Ngakho-ke, mina-ke, njengoba, uyazi, ababhali bamane - niyazi, siphila ngokunyenya, ngakho-ke ngavele ngaba nalesi sithombe esihluke ngokuphelele salo wesifazane, umthungi omncane, othule, uyazi, ehlezi ebhasini, ngisho. isishoshovu esasidelelekile futhi silungile. Futhi ngacabanga, lona wesifazane, haleluya, wayenendoda eyayimthanda futhi emthanda nezinwele zakhe zilenga phansi, futhi wayemthanda kakhulu kangangokuthi lapho efa, wathatha lezozinwele ayezithanda, wayesezigqoka. ikhanda lakhe, futhi akazange avumele omunye umuntu ukuthi alibone. Akumangalisi lokho?
Ngakho-ke, ukuphendula umbuzo wakho, ukuba ngibe matasa emsebenzini wabantu nomhlaba nokuba nje รขโฌโ wukuphila. Akukho ukuhlukaniswa. Konke kuyinto eyodwa. Akufani nokuthi ngikhona ukuthi ngingene egunjini elincane ngibhale. Abantu banaleso sithombe sababhali, ukuthi siphila kanjalo, kodwa akulona iqiniso ngempela, akulona uhlobo lokubhala engikwenzayo. Ngiyazi ukuthi engikubhalayo kunenjongo, ngisho noma kungenxa yami nje, uma ngizama ukuzikhipha ohlotsheni lobumnyama. Ngakho-ke kwandisa yonke into, ukusebenza emhlabeni. Uyawubona umhlaba. Kufana nokuthi, uyazi, ngifunda ukudweba manje, futhi engikubonayo, ukufunda ukudweba, ukuthi ngifunda ukubona. Futhi ubushoshovu bunjalo. Uma usebenza, futhi kufanele ukwazi lokhu kahle kakhulu, ukuthi lapho usebenza kakhulu, ubona kakhulu, uya kakhulu ukuyobona. Uyazi, unelukuluku lokwazi. Into eyodwa iholela kwenye into, futhi iya ijula โโfuthi ijule, futhi. Futhi akupheli.
U-AMY GOODMAN: Ubhala kanjani?
U-ALICE WALKER: Usho ukuthini?
U-AMY GOODMAN: Hhayi-ke, u-Isabel Allende uthe uqala incwadi entsha ngayinye ngosuku olufanayo lonyaka. Angisalukhumbuli usuku. Mhlawumbe kwakunguJanuwari 9, into enjalo.
U-ALICE WALKER: Mm hmm, ngicabanga ukuthi kunjalo.
U-AMY GOODMAN: Kuthiwani ngawe? Ithini inqubo yakho? Ugxila kanjani?
U-ALICE WALKER: Ngiqala incwadi ngayinye uma isilungile futhi angikaze ngiyiqale. Futhi engikwenzayo ngizama ukukuthola - uma kwakheka, uyazi, futhi uma nginaka amaphupho ami, ngiyazi ukuthi uyeza futhi ngiyazi ukuthi yisikhathi sokuthatha isinyathelo. unyaka noma emibili, futhi ezinsukwini zakuqala inselele enkulu kwakuwukuthola imali yokwenza lokho, ngoba, niyazi, iminyaka eminingi ngangingumama ongayedwana. Bengi, uyazi, ngifundisa futhi ngiziphilisa ngaleyo ndlela noma ngifundisa, ngakho-ke kwadingeka ngicabange kanzima futhi ngihlele, futhi amanye amajenali ami okuqala angamakhasi nje ezengezo, niyazi, ukuthi lokhu kubiza malini nokuthi malini lokho. izindleko nokuthi kusele malini ekupheleni kwenyanga nokuthi ngingakwazi yini ukukhokhela lokhu nalokhuya. Ngakho-ke kwakuyinselele leyo, ukuthola isikhathi, ngoba engikuqonda ngokuphelele ukuthi wena - ukuze umeme noma yiluphi uhlobo lwesivakashi, okuhlanganisa nobuciko, kufanele ukunikeze isikhala. Kufanele, kufanele wenze lelo gumbi. Ngakho-ke lapho ngifunda lokho, futhi ngafunda ukuthi ngokwengxenye ngokuzindla, engikwenze iminyaka eminingi, ukuthi ungakwazi ukuzikhulula ngempela kulokho okungaphezu kwenhloso yakho yokuphila, ukuze kube nendawo yalokho okubalulekile. umoya wakho, into okufanele inikezwe indawo nento okufanele iphiwe izwi.
U-AMY GOODMAN: Uqale kanjani i-Color Purple?
U-ALICE WALKER: Ngithole isehlukaniso. Ngadivosa, ngoba ngangazi ngempela ukuthi ngangingeke ngihlale emshadweni wami futhi ngibhale ngalaba besifazane basendle. Futhi, ngasuka eNew York. Futhi mina รขโฌโ futhi kwaqala ngoba nje omunye wabalingisi, ngenkathi ngihamba eManhattan, wathi ngokuphapha kwami, รขโฌลUyazi, ngeke kusebenze lapha. Asilona nje uhlobo lwabantu abangavela eManhattan.รขโฌ Ngakho, empeleni bangidlulisa, niyazi, bonke lobu buhlungu obumangalisayo besehlukaniso, ngoba mina, ngokungafani nabantu abaningi abahlukanisa ngenxa yenzondo nanoma yini, mina. empeleni wayemthanda kakhulu umyeni wami. Ungumuntu olungile kakhulu, kodwa bengidinga ukubhala le ncwadi, futhi wathi amagquma aseSan Francisco amenza isicanucanu. Ngakho-ke ngafika lapha, futhi ngagcina ngise-Boonville, ngoba ngangidinga ukuba sezweni, ngakho-ke nganginemali eyanele yokusebenza kukho mhlawumbe unyaka, ngoba ngathola isibonelelo se-Guggenheim, $13,000, futhi ngavele ngabhekisa amabombo. amagquma. Saqasha indlwana encane engadini yama-apula, futhi ngangingazi ukuthi kwakuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani, kodwa kwathatha cishe unyaka.
U-AMY U-GOODMAN: Wake wacabanga ukuthi hlobo luni lomthelela ongaba nalo emhlabeni? Uke wacabanga ngabantu obuyibhalela?
U-ALICE WALKER: O, ngicabange ngabantu ebengiyibhalela. Abantu ebengiyibhalela ngabantu abasencwadini. Yilokho ebengiyibhalela. Akuzange kungene emqondweni wami ukuthi ngikhathazeke ngempela ngabantu abazoyifunda manje, futhi lokho kuseyiqiniso. Ngiqonde ukuthi, ngiyajabula ukuthi abantu bahlobene nayo futhi bayayithanda. Ngicabanga ukuthi ilufanele uthando. Kodwa isivumelwano sami sasihlala sinabantu abakuyo nokuthi ngangingakwazi yini ukubenza baphile ngendlela ebafanele ukuphila, futhi kwakuyisipiliyoni esiphakeme kakhulu, esiphakeme kakhulu ukukwazi ukwenza lokho, nalapho ngibhala okokugcina. ikhasi, ngakhala izinyembezi ngenxa nje yokubonga nothando lwabo nokuba, niyazi, kukhona รขโฌโ
Angazi ukuthi bangaki kini abawaziyo umsebenzi kaJean Toomer. Ungumbhali omangalisayo nje. Kodwa ukhuluma ngokuthi kuzo zonke izizukulwane, kukhona umuntu oyedwa - noma uyakubeka, isingathekiso ukuthi kukhona ipulamu elilodwa elisele esihlahleni, futhi wonke amanye amaplamu awasekho nomoya nokunye, futhi kukhona lokhu. iplamu eyodwa, nalelo plamu elinembewu eyodwa, yilokho kuphela okudingayo, ngempela, ukuliqala phansi futhi, futhi leso ngesinye isizathu sokuba sibe nethemba ngokwengeziwe ngempilo. Ngakho-ke ngaba nawo lowomuzwa wokuba yile plamu eyodwa nale mbewu eyodwa, ngoba ngokwangakubona, akekho omunye owayenothando olufanayo lwalaba bantu enganginabo noma ikhono lokwethembeka kubo. umbono wabo engangibambile. Ngakho ngazizwa ngibusisekile futhi ngikhethwe kakhulu, ngandlela-thile, niyazi, njengoba okhokho bami babenami ngempela sonke isikhathi ngibhala. Abazange bahambe. Babekhona ngempela, futhi ngiye ngakuzwa ukukhathalela kwabo, futhi ngisakuzwa. Futhi kusho ukuthi angikaze ngizizwe ngingedwa. Akunakwenzeka.
U-AMY GOODMAN: Kumuntu ongakayifundi le ncwadi, kumuntu osemusha ozibuzayo ukuthi kungani kufanele azihluphe ngokucosha incwadi, ingasaphathwa eyokuthi The Colour Purple, ungathini?
U-ALICE WALKER: Hhayi-ke, bengiseMolokai ngesonto eledlule. Ngisanda kubuya ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezedlule, futhi i-Molokai iyisiqhingi esingaziwa kakhulu eziqhingini, futhi kungenxa yokuthi bekuyindawo yabantu abanochoko, futhi empeleni basekhona abanochoko abasahlala lapho. Futhi ngangibheka encwadini ekhuluma ngoMolokai kanye neKalaupapa, okuyindawo abanochoko, futhi kwakukhona isithombe salendoda enochoko, futhi uchoko lwalumudle ikhala lakhe kanye nomlomo wakhe omningi nezindlebe zakhe nokunye okuningi. ebusweni bakhe, uyazi, futhi wayevele enalobu buso obuhle ngendlela emangalisayo. Okwakusele ebusweni bakhe kwakuvutha bhe. Futhi lokho athi wayekufunde ngokuhlala kule ndawo yabantu abanochoko ukuphila kwakhe konke ukuthi izinto ezimbi kakhulu zingenzeka kubantu, futhi basengajabula.
Ngakho-ke, nginomuzwa wokuthi lapho ufunda I-Color Purple, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kwenzekani empilweni yakho noma ukuthi inzima kangakanani yonke i-miasma yosizi ebonakala ikhula, kunendlela ongabona ngayo ngempilo kaCelie, ukuthi uma ungaqhubeka futhi uma ungahlala uxhumene nemvelo kanye nomuzwa wakho ophezulu wokuziphatha ngakuwe kanye nabanye abantu, uma ukwazi ukugcina lowo mzabalazo uqhubeka - ungase ungawunqobi ngaso sonke isikhathi. Uyakhumbula ukuthi uCelie wathi kanjani kuHarpo ngesinye isikhathi ukuthi kufanele ashaye u-Sofia, ukuthi kufanele ashaye umkakhe, lokho kwakuyiphuzu eliphansi, kodwa wayesazabalaza ukuba ngumuntu owayezodlula lolo hlobo lokucabanga. Ngakho-ke, okufundayo ukuthi impilo ingaba nzima ngempela. Abantu bangakuhlukumeza, abantu bangakwazi, uyazi, ukusizakala ngawe ngezindlela ezimbi kakhulu, kodwa kukhona okuthile emoyeni womuntu okulingana nalokho futhi okungakunqoba lokho, futhi leyo yimfundiso yeThe Color Purple. .
U-AMY GOODMAN: Ubhala ku-The Same River Kabili: Ukuhlonipha Okunzima, รขโฌลEngikugcinile, ifilimu ekugweme ngokuphelele, wukuzemukela kukaShug okungenakuphikwa ngokuphelele njengokwephula umthetho, imbuka, ihlongandlebe kanye neqaba. uzibona kanjalo?
U-ALICE WALKER: O, impela. Yebo. Kungani ngingeke ngibe? Kungani ngingeke ngibe? Ngiyazi ukuthi ngikhuluma kahle, kodwa ngizamile ukuphila impilo yami ngokwemibandela yami, futhi lokho kusho ukuthi ngiyimbuka, isigebengu, iqaba. Yayiyini enye into?
U-AMY GOODMAN: Imbuka.
U-ALICE WALKER: Imbuka, yebo. Oh yebo, futhi asikho isizathu sokungahlubuki. Ngakufunda kusenesikhathi ngempela. Asikho isizathu. Uyazi, angiyibuki nhlobo ithelevishini, nakuba manje sengiyahamba - ngiyigcinela ukuguga kwami, kodwa uma ngiyibona futhi ngibona ukuthi sihlelwa ngokungakhathali, futhi bheka ukuthi intsha yethu ayinakuzivikela kanjani, ngiyabona futhi ukuthi ukuhlubuka, nganoma iyiphi indlela ongakuphatha ngayo, kunempilo kakhulu, ngoba ngaphandle uma ufuna ukuba yi-clone yomuntu ongamthandi ngisho, uyazi, kufanele vuka ngempela. Ngisho, sonke siyakwenza. Kumele sivuke. Kufanele senqabe ukuba yi-clone.
U-AMY GOODMAN: U-Alice Walker, ekhuluma e-Oakland ngenyanga edlule, imbongi, umbhali, isishoshovu. Sizobuyela kule ngxoxo emzuzwini.
[ikhefu]
U-AMY GOODMAN: Sibuyela engxoxweni yethu nombhali, imbongi, isishoshovu, u-Alice Walker. Ngamcela ukuba akhulume ngokwenziwa kwefilimu ethi The Colour Purple, awina ngayo uMklomelo wePulitzer.
U-ALICE WALKER: Kwakuyingozi enkulu. Kwakuyingozi enkulu, kodwa ngakhulela e-Eatonton, eGeorgia, empeleni ngingekho nasedolobheni, ngaphandle endaweni yasemaphandleni enhle, enenhlanhla enhle. Kodwa ukuzijabulisa kwethu bekungoMgqibelo ebusuku ukuze, niyazi, ukugeza futhi sigqoke futhi siyobuka ifilimu. Manje, wonke lawa kwakungamafilimu amahle kabi ngempela. Bonke bebedubulana bebulalana niyazi. Kodwa yilokho kuphela esasinakho endleleni yokuzijabulisa okwakungelona isonto nokuzijabulisa kwethu. Yilokho engakhula ngakho. Futhi umama owayesebenza kanzima futhi engakaze aphume endlini noma ashiye amasimu, niyazi, wayekwazi ukuhamba ngezinye izikhathi, kodwa ngemva kwezingane eziyisishiyagalombili, ngezinye izikhathi kwakunzima ngisho nokunyakaza, kodwa wayejabulela lezi zinto, lawa mafilimu.
Futhi ngakho, ingozi engayithatha yayingendlela yokunikela kumama wami nabantu abafana nomama into ababengazihlanganisa nayo, into ababengaba nayo, niyazi, ukuthi babe nokuxhumana kwangempela kuyo. Ngisho ukuthi, umama akakaze ahlangane no-Tom Mix noLash LaRue. Lezi kwakuyizo zonke lezi zinhlamvu ezazihlala zidubula futhi zibulala. Ngakho-ke ngacabanga, uyazi, ngetiyetha ehlukanisiwe. Uyazi, ngisakhula, kwakufanele sibe laphaya phezulu kuvulandi, futhi abelungu babephansi lapha, futhi, isihlalo sasingcono lapha. Ngakho ngangifuna ukukushintsha lokho ngezinga engangingakwenza ngalo. Futhi yingakho - lokho kungengxenye yesizathu sokuthi ngifune ukwenza ifilimu.
Futhi ngicabanga - uyazi, ngangingakaze ngizwe ngoSteven Spielberg lapho ebonakala. Ngicabanga ukuthi, kubantu abaningi, lokho kuyamangaza, uma kubhekwa indlela ayedume ngayo, kodwa ngangingazi ukuthi wayengubani. Futhi leyo enye into, lapho usebenza emsebenzini wakho - futhi ngicabanga ukuthi kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ngikhulume nawe kancane ngalokhu njengomdala - lapho usebenza emsebenzini wakho, ngempela akufanele ukhathazeke ngalokho abanye abantu abakwenzayo. Futhi uma - uyazi, kukhona inkulumo, yonke into ephakamayo kufanele ihlangane. Ngesinye isikhathi, uma umsebenzi wakho uyiqiniso ngendlela ongayenza ngayo, unokukhanya kwawo futhi nakanjani uletha kuwe nasemsebenzini wakho bonke abantu obadingayo. Ngakho-ke faka uSteven Spielberg ukwenza ifilimu, evele yaba yinto enhle kakhulu. Abantu babecabanga ukuthi kwakuyisinqumo esibi, kodwa engangikubheka kuye nakwabanye abantu ukuzimisela ukulalela nokuzimisela ukukhula, ukufunda, futhi wayenakho konke lokho.
U-AMY U-GOODMAN: Imibuzo eyaphakanyiswa, lapha wawuyibhalile, ngokujulile ngaphandle kokuhlangenwe nakho kwakho, bese kuba nomkhiqizi omhlophe ayikhiqize futhi adlulele ku-Broadway, kahle-ke, lokho kuphindaphindwa kaningi. Yayiyini imicabango yakho ngokwenza ulwazi lwakho, ukubhala kwakho, ubuciko bakho, kuhanjiswe ngazo?
U-ALICE WALKER: Hhayi-ke, ngiwuthanda umcabango. Futhi uma uthandana nomcabango, uyaqonda ukuthi umoya okhululekile. Izoya noma yikuphi, futhi ingenza noma yini. Ngakho-ke umsebenzi wakho uwukuthola abangani abathembekile kanye nabadali. Yilokho ngempela. Futhi uma ubathola รขโฌโ futhi angazi ukuthi unjani โ ngingahamba ngendlela engizizwa ngayo ngabantu. Kanjalo nangomdlalo, le nsizwa, uScott Sanders, ongumdidiyeli oyinhloko, yazama ukunginxenxa, ngoba ngangingenasithakazelo sokwenza umculo, ngokwengxenye ngenxa yokuhlupheka okwenzeka ngemva kokwenza ifilimu. Kube nezingxabano eziningi kakhulu ngemuva kwefilimu, futhi eziningi zazo zilimaza kakhulu. Futhi nakuba nganginazo izindlela zokuziphazamisa futhi nakuba ngokwemvelo ngingaqhubeka nokusebenza nokwenza izinto okufanele ngizenze, kwakusebuhlungu kakhulu. Ngakho ngangingafuni ngempela ukubuyela kulokho.
Futhi ngaqonda kamuva ukuthi lokho kuyinto yase-Aquarian, ukuthi singathatha cishe noma yini, kodwa ungasiqondi kahle, ngoba sizizwa silimele kakhulu ngalokho. Futhi ngezwa sengathi noma ubani ofunda i-Color Purple noma obona ifilimu, empeleni, ukuthi angayifunda futhi abone ifilimu futhi acabange ukuthi ngangizonda, empeleni, noma ubani, kodwa ngizonda ubaba, umkhulu wami, abafowethu, mina, wena. yazi, omalume, ngenxa nje yokuthi babengamadoda amnyama, futhi, niyazi, lokhu kungasho ukuthi ngangimzonda uLangston Hughes noma uJean Toomer noma uRichard Wright noma, niyazi, uRalph Ellison noma - kwakuzwakala kubi kakhulu. Kwakuzwakala kubi kakhulu, kuzwakala kuncane kakhulu, futhi kwakubuhlungu kakhulu.
U-AMY GOODMAN: Futhi-ke udlule kanjani kukho? Usibeke kanjani lesi siphepho?
U-ALICE WALKER: Hhayi-ke, ngehla ngine-Lyme isifo phakathi kwakho konke lokhu, futhi ngakubona njengenguquko engokomoya, nakuba ngangingazi ukuthi lokho kwakuzoba umphumela. Kwakwethusa kakhulu. Kodwa ngaphuma ngakolunye uhlangothi lokujeziswa engangikuthola, ukuwohloka ngokomzimba ngenxa yesifo iLyme, ukuhlukana kobuhlobo bami nomngane wami womshado ngaleso sikhathi. Ngiphume kukho konke lokho nginomqondo ovuselelwe wokuthi impilo uqobo lwayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi abantu bakujikela kanjani, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kwenzekani, ukuphila ngokwako, ukuphila okuyisisekelo kuyigugu ngendlela emangalisayo futhi kuyamangalisa nokuthi sinenhlanhla yokuba nalokho, niyazi, ukuthi sivuka ekuseni, ukuthi sizwa inyoni, ukuthi thina-uyazi, uma nje ucabanga ngezinto ezincane, zibonakala zincane, kodwa ziyimilingo kakhulu, niyazi, njengokudla ipentshisi. Ngafika ngaleso sikhathi ukuqonda ukuthi ngiwukubonakaliswa kobuNkulunkulu, njengepentshisi, njengenhlanzi. Nginelungelo lokuba ngale ndlela. Futhi ngokuba ngale ndlela, I-Color Purple iwuhlobo lomsebenzi oza kimi. Angikwazi ukuxolisa ngalokho, futhi angikwazi ukukushintsha, futhi angifuni.
Ngakho kwaba nalomuzwa omangalisayo, niyazi, ukuthi ngase ngidlule ohlotsheni lokubethelwa ngabagxeki. Futhi lokho-futhi ngaqonda izinto eziningi kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, uyazi, emavangelini ama-Gnostic, bathi lapho uJesu ebethelwa esiphambanweni, akazange abethelwe esiphambanweni, ukuthi yenaโenyameni, ukuthi okwenzekile wayekuqonda ukuthi konke kwakukuhleka. Futhi hhayi ukuziqhathanisa noJesu, kodwa ngakuthola ngempela. Ngakuthola ukuthi kunephuzu lapho uhlobo oluthile lokubethelwa luholela ohlotsheni oluthile lwenkululeko, ngoba awukwazi ukuqunjelwa imibono yabanye abantu ngawe. Ngicabanga ukuthi, ngemva kokudlula kulolu hlobo lwento, uzozizwa ususiwe, njengoba nami ngenza. Uyazi, ngiyekile ukufunda izibuyekezo. Futhi kuhle. Sengibonile ukuthi angizidingi. Ngempela nginomuzwa wokuthi uma abantu abaningi bebengayinaki imibono yabanye abantu ngabo, bebengajabula kakhulu.
U-AMY GOODMAN: U-Alice, bengifuna ukukubuza mayelana neSisterhood. Bekungobani leli qembu lababhali besifazane ngeminyaka yawo-1970 enahlangana nabo?
U-ALICE WALKER: Hhayi-ke, iSisterhood yayiyingqondo yami noJuni Jordan, ngoba saqalaza ngolunye usuku - sasingabangane - futhi sabona kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ababhali besifazane abamnyama bazane, ukuthi siqonde ukuthi asikaze emncintiswaneni nganoma yini, ukuthi asikholelwa simo. Besingeke sivumele ukusungulwa kubeke omunye wethu ngaphambi komunye. Futhi ngakho, abanye bethu kwakunguVertamae Grosvenor, Ntozake Shange, Toni Morrison, June Jordan, mina uqobo, futhi ngicabanga ukuthi u-Audrey Ballard, owayese-Essence, nabanye besifazane abambalwa engingabakhumbuli kulobubusuku.
Umhlangano wokuqala wawusefulethini likaJuni ngoba wawumkhulu kunawo wonke - ngase ngiphumile endlini yami yomshado ngaya kumakamelo amabili amancane. Futhi ngakho uJune waba naleli fulethi elihle elinendawo eningi, futhi abesifazane babuthana lapho, futhi ngikhumbula embuthanweni wokuqala ngqa, embuthanweni wokuqala, ngangithenge leli bhodwe elikhulu elibomvu elaphenduka ibhodwe legumbo, futhi ngenza okokuqala igumbo futhi yayisa kulo mbuthano wabesifazane, bonke abahluke kakhulu futhi bonke bababayo futhi banambitheka njengegumbo. Futhi sinalesi sithombe. Kunesithombe esihle umuntu asithwebulayo esiqoqene eduze kwesithombe esikhulu sika-Bessie Smith, ngoba u-Bessie Smith uzwakalise kangcono umuzwa wethu wokuba abesifazane ababekhululekile kanye nabesifazane ababehlose ukuhlala benjalo.
U-AMY U-GOODMAN: Ukhulume ngokugxekwa ngaphambilini nokuthi unqume kanjani ukuthi ungafundi ukubuyekezwa. Ungakwazi ukukhuluma ngakho ngokomsebenzi wokuqala kaToni Morrison nokuthi kwakusho ukuthini ukumnqoba ngaleso sikhathi, futhi yaba yini impendulo yabagxeki?
U-ALICE WALKER: Hhayi-ke, bengicabanga ukuthi ukubhala kwakhe bekumuhle. Ngangifunde i-Bluest Eye, futhi empeleni, ngangiyidlulisela kubantu. Futhi kwakungicasula kakhulu ukuthi akuzange kuthole ukuphila okude. Ngiyacabanga - angazi noma iphelelwe ukuphrinta, kodwa ngokuqinisekile ibingaphansi kobuso. Ngabe sengifunda iSula, engangisanda kuyithanda. Futhi ngiyakhumbula ukuthi kube nokubuyekezwa kwayo ku-New York Times nguSarah Blackman [sic], ngicabanga ukuthi, noma kunjalo, othile owathi ukuze uToni Morrison abe, uyazi, abe yinoma yini emhlabeni wemibhalo, kwadingeka aphume kulo mbono wokubhala ngabesifazane abamnyama, futhi kwadingeka andise ama-horizons akhe futhi ngaleyo ndlela, wayezokwenza, niyazi, mhlawumbe axhumane. Futhi ngavele ngacasuka ngokuphelele. Futhi ngabhalela i-Times incwadi, ngimkhumbuza yena kanye nabo ukuthi akusoze kwadingeka sibe abanye ngaphandle kwalokhu esiyikho ukuze siphumelele.
U-AMY GOODMAN: Nansi incwadi. Alice, nansi incwadi.
U-ALICE WALKER: O, kulungile. Kulungile, ithi: รขโฌลMnumzane othandekayo: Ngiyamangala emazingeni amaningi ngesibuyekezo sika-Sarah Blackburn se-Sula. Ngabe uMiss Morrison "kufanele azidlulise?" Futhi kungani kufanele futhi enzeni? Isikhathi sesihambile lapho abantu abamnyama bezizwa belinganiselwe bodwa. Siyaqaphela ukuthi njengoba thina ngokwethu asinamkhawulo futhi okuhlangenwe nakho kwethu kuyasebenza. Kungokwasemhlabeni wonke ukuqaphela lokhu, uma bekhetha.รข
U-AMY GOODMAN: Ungakwazi yini ukufunda โBe Nobody's Darlingรขโฌ ?
U-ALICE WALKER:
Ungabi sthandwa samuntu;
Yiba yisiwula.
Thatha ukuphikisana
Ngempilo yakho
Futhi ukugoqa
Uthanda shawl,
Ukucofa amatshe
Ukuze uhlale ufudumele.
Buka abantu behluleka
Ukusangana
Ngenjabulo enkulu;
Bavumele bakubheke
Nawe uyabuza.
Yiba yisisulu;
Kujabulele ukuhamba wedwa
(Hlula)
Noma ulayini abagcwele
Imibhede yomfula
Ngokunye amawala
Iziwula.
Yenza umbuthano ojabulisayo
Ebhange
Lapho kwafa izinkulungwane
Ngamazwi abuhlungu anesibindi
Bathi.
Kodwa ungabi sthandwa samuntu;
Yiba yisiwula.
Ufanelekele ukuphila
Phakathi kwabafileyo bakho.
U-AMY U-GOODMAN: U-Alice Walker ekhuluma ngenyanga edlule e-Oakland, eCalifornia.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa kuphela ngokuphana kwabafundi bayo.
Nikela