Nginokukhathazeka: Othisha bayadinwa. Isikhathi esiningi basuke behlukunyezwa ngamadimoni kwabezindaba bese besolwa ngosopolitiki ngokuba yimbangela yezikole ezimbi. Ababusi abaphiko lwesokudla, izimeya ezilambele amandla kanye โnabaguquli bezinkampaniโโbonke abangazinaki izinkinga ezinjengobumpofu nokungalinganiโbalahle abantu abazinikele ekufundiseni izingane zethu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, la mandla afuna ukucekela phansi izinhlangano ezihlangene ezakhiwe othisha: izinyunyana zothisha.
Amandla ezwe lethu angeke ajule kakhulu. Inhlangano yabasebenzi kanye nohlelo lwemfundo yomphakathi yizikhungo ezimbili ezibucayi zentando yeningi yaseMelika. Futhi zimbili ezihamba zibambene. Izinyunyana zothisha zibambe iqhaza elibalulekile ekukhuthazeni imfundo yomphakathi, kodwa ngeke ukwazi ngokusakazwa kwabezindaba okujwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, kunesidingo esikhulu sokuphakamisa leli siko futhi kugqanyiswe imizamo yothisha yokuphusha ngokuhlanganyela izikole zikahulumeni ezisezingeni eliphezulu.
Ukubona ukuthi singaphushela kanjani phambili kulolu daba, ngikhulume noDiane Ravitch, omunye wosomlando wezemfundo ohamba phambili kanye nabameli bezikole zomphakathi. Uprofesa eNyuvesi yaseNew York, uRavitch wayenguNobhala Womsizi Wezemfundo kanye nomlobi wezincwadi ezimbalwa, kuhlanganise ne-2010's. Ukufa Nokuphila Kohlelo Olukhulu Lwesikole SaseMelika: Ukuthi Ukuhlola Nokuzikhethela Kuyibukela Kanjani Imfundo.
Yini oyibona njengeqhaza lezinyunyana zothisha ekugcineni imfundo yomphakathi?
Sekuyiminyaka eminingi kunemizamo yokunciphisa izinyunyana zothisha futhi sizisole ngazo zonke izinkinga zemfundo yomphakathi. Ngikholwa ukuthi isizathu, okokuqala, ukuthi abanye abantu bavele bazonde izinyunyana. Kodwa kukhona nesizathu sepolitiki esicace kakhulu. Okusho ukuthi uma uthulisa inyunyana, akukho muntu etafuleni lapho isishayamthetho noma umbusi efuna ukunciphisa isabelomali, ukuze bakwazi ukugebenga ngokuthanda kwabo. Lokho kwenzeka ezifundazweni ezweni lonke. BengiseTexas emasontweni ambalwa edlule, futhi lapho isishayamthetho sehlise ngaphezu kwamaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezinhlanu kwisabelomali semfundo, kodwa bakwazile ukukhipha amaRandi ayizigidi ezingama-$5 ukuze bathole ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe. Banenyunyana ebuthakathaka. Babengenamuntu etafuleni ongathi, โNgeke nikwenze lokhu.โ Futhi akekho owayenendaba nokuthi othisha bacabangani.
Kuleli hlobo elidlule, umelele isiteleka sothisha base-Chicago njengesibonelo sothisha abeqa esidlangalaleni ukuzithanda futhi befuna izimo ezingcono ezikoleni. Ungakwazi yini ukukhuluma ngokunye kokunqoba okubonise indlela ehlukile yokumela kothisha?
Hhayi-ke, inyunyana yothisha ibe nenkinga yokuthi izinto eziningi ebikhathazeke ngazo azivunyelwe ukuxoxisana ngokuhlanganyela. Umthetho uthi abavunyelwe ukuxoxisana ngezimo zokufunda nokufundisa, kodwa lokho bekungumnyombo wesiteleka. Kwakumele basho ukuthi bashaya into esemthethweni hhayi into engayivumeli umthetho. Ngicabanga ukuthi enye yezinto abakwazile ukuyifezaโfuthi kuwumsebenzi omncane kodwa obalulekileโukuthi umphathi-dolobha wayefuna ukuhlolwa [kokusebenza kothisha] kusekelwe, ngicabanga ukuthi, amaphesenti angu-40 noma angu-50 [kumfundi. ] amaphuzu wokuhlola. Bakuthola phansi kulokho okwakuyisilinganiso esincane esidingekayo ngokomthetho. Owami umbono owokuthi amaphuzu ezivivinyo kufanele abe uziro ekuhlolweni kukathisha.
Enye yezindima zomlando zenhlangano yabasebenzi ukuthi izinyunyana beziwuphawu lwezinga eliphezulu. Uma unezintambo zikagesi ezenziwe ngumuntu osebenza ngogesi wenyunyana, ngokwesibonelo, akudingeki ukhathazeke ngemililo yekhaya lakho. Kanjalo nezinyunyana zothisha zaba neqhaza ekwakheni ubuthishela njengomsebenzi osezingeni eliphezulu kwabasebenza kuwo. Ungakwazi yini ukukhomba izibonelo lapho othisha behola ezindabeni zokuziphendulela nokuhlola?
Imvelo yokuba uchwepheshe ibandakanya ukuzilawula. Ochwepheshe kufanele bazibekele izindinganiso [zabo]. Lokho kuhilela isilinganiso esithile sokuzimela, kodwa futhi kusho ukuthi uhlangabezana nezindinganiso zochwepheshe. Abameli babekela abameli izindinganiso, futhi odokotela babekela odokotela izindinganiso zokuziphatha okuhle. Bese kuba nenani elithile lokuziphendulela.
Ngicabanga ukuthi uma kukhona noma iyiphi indlela izinyunyana ezingase zibe nephutha ngayo, wukuthi zikunikeze abaphathi lokho. Ngakho-ke ngokuhamba kweminyaka, izinyunyana ziye zabona indima yazo njengokuvikela amalungu azo futhi zingabeki amazinga okusebenza, ngakho-ke lowo ngumsebenzi wabaphathi. Bayiyekile leyo ndima. Futhi ngicabanga ukuthi manje bazithola sebeboshiwe ngoba kube khona le mikhankaso eminingi yomphakathi yokwenza izinyunyana zibonakale zimbi.
Engikubonile ezimeni ngezifunda ukuthi othisha balahlekelwa amalungelo abo okuxoxisana ngokuhlanganyela. Anginaso isiqiniseko sokuthi noma yini abebengayenza njengenyunyana bekungakushintsha lokho ngoba eziningi zalezi zifundazwe, ababusi, noma ngabe kuse-Ohio noma e-Indiana noma eTexas, ababusi banephiko elilungile kakhulu futhi angifuni izinyunyana, isikhathi. Akukho abebengakwenza obekungashintsha isifiso sababusi nezishayamthetho sokuphuca izinyunyana.
Ngiyavuma. Kodwa ezifundazweni zeDemokhrasi nakwezinye izindawo ezisekela inyunyana, sisazwa izinkulumo mayelana nothisha abangasukumi phezulu ezindabeni zokuziphendulela nokuhlola. Uyakubona ukungabaza lapha?
Ngicabanga ukuthi kulapho ukubuyekezwa kontanga kungena khona, futhi ngicabanga ukuthi ezindaweni lapho kunezinhlelo zokubuyekezwa kontanga, inyunyana iyakhuphuka.
Ingxenye yalokho engiphikisana nakho kuyo yonke le ngxoxo, hhayi kuwe kodwa ezweni lonke, ukucabanga ukuthi ngandlela-thile izinkinga zemfundo yaseMelika zonke ziboshwe nothisha. Othisha babangela ukusebenza okuphansi, futhi uma nje singathola uhlelo olufanele lokuhlola othisha, singaba isizwe esisebenza kahle kakhulu emhlabeni. Ngicabanga ukuthi lokho kuwukulandisa okungamanga okugqugquzelwe inhlanganisela kaBill Gates no-Arne Duncan kanye namaqembu amaningi aphiko lwesokudla afuna ukusho ukuthi asisadingi ukuchitha enye into kubantwana abampofu, asikho isidingo sokwenza okuthile. into yobubha, sidinga nje ukuqeda labo thisha ababi.
Ngiyavuma futhi ukuthi ububha nokungalingani yizindaba ezibalulekile ezingadingidwe, nokuthi othisha ngeke bathweswe icala ngazo. Ungakwazi yini ukuhlonza ezinye zezinto ezingaphakathi komkhakha wokulawula wothisha, lapho izinyunyana zingasiza ekudaleni amasistimu okuhlola nje?
Ukwazi isifundo sakho, ukukwazi ukudlulisela isifundo sakho kubafundi, ukunikeza izabelo abafundi abaziqondayo, ezishukumisa ingqondo, ezikhuthazayo futhi zenza abafundi bakhiqize umsebenzi omuhleโnokubukeza izinga lalowo msebenzi ukuze kubonise ukuthi abafundi bakhona ngempela. bahlanganyele futhi bayafunda ngempela. Amamethrikhi ngeke abe amamethrikhi aqinile njengomphumela wokuhlola, kodwa azoba amamethrikhi anenjongo. Lezi kungaba izahlulelo zochwepheshe.
Sinezikole eziphase kahle kakhulu e-US naphesheya kwezilwandle ezindaweni lapho kunezinyunyana zothisha eziqinile. Kulezi zikole amandla ezinyunyana nezinga lemfundo kuyahambisana. Lezi zibonelo zihambisana kanjani nengxoxo?
Wonke umuntu uthanda ukukhomba iFinland. IFinland iyizwe elihle, futhi banesimiso esihle sesikole lapho. Yinyunyana engu-100%, kanti othishanhloko nothisha bonke bangamalungu enyunyana eyodwa.
Uthola into efanayo e-US. Izikole ezenza kahle kakhulu e-US zikuzifunda zamanyunyana. Yiziphi izifunda ezintathu ezisebenza kakhulu? Massachusetts, New Jersey kanye ne-Connecticut. Bonke bayinyunyana. Izifundazwe ezingenzi kahle kakhulu kungaba yizifunda ezifanele ukuya emsebenzini noma izifunda ezingezona izinyunyana, izindawo ezinezinyunyana zothisha ezibuthaka.
Uma ubheka izifunda ezenza kahle kakhulu, izifunda zezikole zomphakathi e-US, zonke ziyinyunyanaโfuthi zisezindaweni ezingaphansi kwedolobha. Yingoba into efanelekile ayiyona inyunyana noma engeyona inyunyana kodwa ingcebo nobumpofu.
Osopolitiki bavame ukubhekisela emalini ephezulu yothisha futhi basho ukuthi ngandlela thize akuyona imali enhle. Ngokubona kwakho, abakhokhi bentela kufanele bawubheke kanjani umholo wothisha, futhi iyiphi indima okufanele izinyunyana ziyibambe ekuzameni ukuthonya umbono womphakathi?
Imithombo yezindaba kazwelonke imelene nenyunyana futhi imelene nothisha kanye nemfundo yomphakathi kangangokuthi uzoyibona njalo. Ukuthi umholo ojwayelekile wothisha eChicago ucishe ube ngama- $ 75,000 kufanele kube iso elikhulu elimnyama kwinyunyana. Hhayi-ke, kuyahlekisa lokho. Kungani kungafanele uchwepheshe akhokhelwe u-$75,000? Abantu abakhononda ngalokhu bavame ukukhokhelwa izimpinda eziningi zama-$75,000. Angikuboni lokho njengento okufanele inyunyana iphoxe ngayo. Kufanele baziqhenye ngakho.
Ingxenye yalokho okwenziwe yizinyunyana kube wukwakha abantu abasezingeni eliphakathi. Awubi uthisha futhi udlule iminyaka emine yasekolishi bese uthola iziqu ze-master noma ngaphezulu ukuze usebenzele amaholo obumpofu. Kufanele ube uchwepheshe. Kungani kungafanele ochwepheshe bakhokhelwe njengezingcweti?
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Nikela