Umthombo: The Guardian
NgoLwesithathu 10 Mashi, owayengumongameli waseBrazil uLuiz Inรกcio Lula da Silva wanikeza a inkulumo ebuyayo evusa amadlingozi ekomkhulu lenyunyana yabasebenzi bensimbi e-Sรฃo Bernardo do Campo, isikhungo sezimboni esifundeni sedolobha elikhulu lase-Sรฃo Paulo lapho uLula aqala ukuvela khona njengomuntu kazwelonke ngeminyaka yawo-1970. Ngosuku olwedlule, esimweni esishaqisayo esamangaza ngisho nalabo ababekholelwa ukuthi umsulwa, ijaji enkantolo ephakeme lawachitha amacala abekwe uLula, okumenza afanelekele ukungenela ihlandla lesithathu ngonyaka ozayo.
Isinqumo esivune uLula bekuzoba yindaba enkulu noma ngabe udumo lwakhe lwaphela kusukela eshiye isikhundla ngo-2011. Kodwa muva nje. poll khombisa ukuthi usakhethwa ngendlela encomekayo, ngaphambi kwalowo osesikhundleni esikude kwesokudla, uJair Bolsonaro, ophumelele ukhetho lwango-2018. Amanye amapholi asikisela umjaho osondelene, osaphawuleka njengoba uLula engakaqali ngisho nokukhankasa. ULula naye uke wahola okhethweni eminyakeni emithathu edlule kodwa wavinjwa yijaji elidume kabi elagcina lijoyine iBolsonaro. Ngokwakhe, uBolsonaro, ukaputeni wamasosha osethathe umhlalaphansi osebenze ngaphandle kokuhlukaniswa iminyaka engu-27 engqungqutheleni, wengamele inhlekelele engadambi. Uma isizwe esikhulu kunazo zonke saseLatin America sake saphakanyiswa njenge imodeli mayelana nendlela yokulinganisa ukukhula komnotho nokunciphisa ububha ngendlela emangalisayo, ubuholi bayo bamanje bubonakala bugculisekile ngokuba yinhlangano yomhlaba wonke (ungqongqoshe wezangaphandle washo lokho ngo-Okthoba odlule).
Kusukela ekuphatheni kwakhe imvelo kanye nalolu bhubhane, ukucaphuna izingqinamba ezimbalwa ezibalulekile, uBolsonaro ukhombisile ukuthi akakwazi ukucabanga. Yingakho uLula ebonakale ezimisele ngokuphinde aveze ukubaluleka kwamaqiniso enkulumweni yepolitiki yesizwe sakhe ngesikhathi ethula inkulumo yakhe ngeledlule. "Kuhlale kubalulekile ukuphinda noma nini lapho ukwazi," kusho yena, "iplanethi iyindilinga ... futhi uBolsonaro akayazi." Uveze zonke izinyathelo abezozithatha ukube ubesesikhundleni ngesikhathi ubhubhane luhlasela, isilinganiso ngasinye sinengqondo kunesokugcina. I-Bolsonaro ngokuphawulekayo iyaqhubeka nokululaza leli gciwane ngisho nanjengababukeli bamazwe ngamazwe ukukhathazeka ngeBrazil ibe isizinda sokusatshalaliswa kwezinhlobonhlobo ezintsha.
Yize kungacaci ukuthi uLula uzophinde angenele yini ngonyaka ozayo, kodwa lona iqiniso lokuthi angakwazi kushintshile kwezombusazwe eBrazil. Kokubili i- isipikha samanje wendlu, wakhethwa esikhundleni sakhe esinamandla ngokwesekwa nguBolsonaro, futhi owedlule, umuntu omaphakathi nesokudla iqembu lakhe eliveze ukuthi angase avumele uBolsonaro ngo-2022, ubonise ukuvuleka kokuvuselelwa kukaLula. Lokhu ukuguqulwa okumangalisayo okwenzeka eminyakeni emithathu kuphela edlule lapho umphakathi wase-Brazilian uzithola usenkingeni yokusabela okwakubambele abathuthukisi benqubekela phambili kukho konke ukugula komphakathi, okwangempela noma okucatshangelwayo. Ukuqashelwa uLula akuthole kwesokunxele nakwesokudla ezinsukwini zakamuva kungabangelwa ikhono lakhe lokuthengisa umlayezo wokubuyisana, ongagxilile ekubhekaneni ngemibono kodwa ekubuyiselweni kwamagugu ayisisekelo eRiphabhulikhi uBolsonaro edelela nqunu.
Isithiyo esisobala sisekhona endleleni uma uLula ephishekela isikhundla sikamongameli futhi: amandla ezimakethe zamazwe ngamazwe. Njengoba kubikwe ku Bloomberg, Ukufaneleka kukaLula kwezombusazwe okuvuselelwe โkuthumele amasheya kanye nokuqothuka kwezimali, kwajulisa ukusebenza okubi kakhulu kulo nyakaโ. Kwezinye izindawo, abatshalizimali utshele iReuters ukuthi "ithemba lokuthi uBolsonaro uzoqhudelana noLula axabanise abantu ababili 'abahlonishwayo', avule inhlabathi emaphakathi, evunde kakhulu ezinguqukweni zezomnotho iBrazil ezidinga kakhulu". Phakathi nokubhala ngesandla izingqapheli ezivumelana kakhulu nezifiso zabatshalizimali abazimele, kuhle sikhumbule umehluko osobala phakathi kwalowo obambe isikhundla kanye nalowo owayezoba inselelo owangenela ukhetho lukamongameli izikhathi ezintathu ngaphambi kokuba agcine engenile ngo-2002.
Ngaphansi kweqembu lika-Lula's Workers, uhulumeni wobumbano wase-Brazil wenze izinqubomgomo zikahulumeni ezintsha eziguqule izimpilo zezigidi zabantu base-Brazilian. Ubumpofu behla, kuyilapho isibalo sabafundi basekolishi sanda. UBolsonaro yena, uyakhala ngokungakwazi kwakhe ukwenza lutho, elindele izinsuku zokubusa kwezempi. Ubonisa isimo sengqondo sokungathembeki ngenhlalakahle yanoma ubani ongesona isihlobo segazi. Ukuthi wawina isikhundla sikamongameli ngo-2018 kuwubufakazi bokungabheki kwe-ajenda yakhe kodwa ukuguguleka kobuntu obuyisisekelo eBrazil. Lesi isiqhathaniso okufanele sigcinwe engqondweni njengoba izihloko zezindaba zizovela ezinyangeni ezizayo - futhi ngokuqinisekile zizo - zixwayisa abatshalizimali nge-ajenda yezomnotho okuthiwa iyingozi kaLula neqembu lakhe, "iqembu elisabekayo" elifanayo uphakanyisiwe 28 million abantu abaphuma ebuphofini.
Kuphinde kwaba nokukhononda kwamasosha asethathe umhlalaphansi mayelana nokungafaneleki kokuthi uLula afanelekele ukungenela ukhetho. Nokho, ngokubonga okukhulu, isekela likamongameli uHamilton Mourรฃo, ujenene osewathatha umhlalaphansi, wathela amanzi abandayo kunoma iyiphi inkulumo yozungu, Bethi abantu banelungelo lokuvotela owayengumongameli. Kusengenzeka kakhulu ukuthi umlando odabukisayo wokungenelela kwezempi uzoziphinda. Ukubuyela kukaLula endaweni yesigameko nakho kulahlekisele phakathi nendawo. Isibonelo, uJoรฃo Doria, owayengusomabhizinisi owagibela ijazi likaBolsonaro waya esithabathabeni sombusi waseSรฃo Paulo ngo-2018, kumemezela angaze aqhubeke nokuba ngumengameli, ebona ubungozi bokwehlukanisa ivoti elifanele. Isinyathelo sika-Doria siwukuvuma buthule ikhono lalowo owayengumongameli wokuheha inkaba ebanzi yezombangazwe zaseBrazil.
Njengangowezi-2002, lapho uLula ethembisa enye indlela yentando yeningi yenhlalo ezwakalayo esikhundleni sokuncishwa i-neoliberalism, isikhathi sakhe singase siphinde sibonakale singenasici. Kukhona impendulo evuna yena - izinombolo zokuvota zikhomba ukuthi uLula wenza okungcono kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa neBolsonaro phakathi kwezibalo eziphikisayo, ngaleyo ndlela eqinisa isandla sakhe njengomholi wamaqembu aphikisayo, futhi okuholela enanini eliphezulu lokuvota njengoba abanye abavoti abaphikisana neBolsonaro bethutheleka ohlangothini lwakhe. Ngokubona lo mfutho, ngisho nezibalo ezimaphakathi kwesokudla ziye zaphawula ikhono likaLula lokwakha amabhuloho, okuwumphumela wokungakwazi kukaBolsonaro ukwenza lokho. Mhlawumbe kuwuphawu lokuthi ukusungulwa okwake kwabheja iBolsonaro ukuthi igcine iphathi kaLula's Workers ingekho ngo-2018 iyeza, ihambisana futhi iyaqala, esiphethweni sokuthi akasafanele ukuletha izwe onqenqemeni lokuwa.
U-Andre Pagliarini ungumfundisi wezomlando kanye nezifundo zaseLatin America eDartmouth College.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa kuphela ngokuphana kwabafundi bayo.
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