[kuhunyushwe nguJustin Podur]
Ngalesi sikhathi isibalo sishonile ezinsukwini ezimbili ezedlule kanye namakhulu abalimele futhi aboshwe ezweni lonke. Usuku lonke, izisebenzi, ama-campesino, nentsha bahlangana eLa Paz, eCochabamba, naseSanta Cruz. EPotosi abasebenzi bemayini engaphansi kukamengameli bavale imigwaqo. Kanjalo nama-campesinos aseChapare, lapho ngokwemibiko yakamuva kube nokubhekana ngeziqu zamehlo okuholele ekufeni komunye kwalimala abathathu.
Uma izolo sibone ukuwa kombuso ngokubhekana ngeziqu zamehlo phakathi kwamaphoyisa namasosha kanye nokugqugquzelwa okuqubuke ntambama, namuhla emigwaqweni kunomuzwa ofana kakhulu nalowo owaketula uhulumeni kaDe la Rua e-Argentina: !Que se vaya el gringo, carajo (gringo go home)!' (uMongameli waseBolivia u-Sanchez de Lozado udume ngokukhuluma ngendlela eqinile yaseNyakatho Melika) isisho saseBolivia sokuthi 'que se vayan todos!' (wonke umuntu kufanele ahambe!) ezweni lakithi.
Kuwo wonke amadolobha, imibuthano ehleliwe ibe nokuthula futhi ineziyalo. E-La Paz, abahleli babefuna kuphela ukumasha e-Plaza Murillo (indawo yokulwa izolo okuchitha igazi, namuhla ngaphansi kokugcinwa kwamakhulu amasosha namathangi).
Kube ngemuva kokuthi umbhikisho ususondele ekupheleni lapho kuphangwe khona izakhiwo namabhange, ukubhekana nokuboshwa kwababhikishi. Isimo sasifana eCochabamba naseSanta Cruz. Lawa ngamadolobha amathathu abaluleke kakhulu ezweni.
Umuzwa emigwaqweni wawungowokufutheka. Ngenkathi umkhankaso wemithombo yezindaba uzama ukuveza ukwesaba ngephutha lokucekelwa phansi kwempahla, uhulumeni wakhipha isinqumo seholide likazwelonke futhi wahoxisa izinyathelo zomnotho zangempela (isaziso somhumushi-lokhu bekuwukunyuka kwentela kanye nokwehliswa kwezindleko zesevisi yezenhlalakahle) okubangele umbhikisho. Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu, izinkulungwane zabantu ziphumele emigwaqweni, futhi izimfuno zabo azisakhethi-ukuthi uhulumeni ehle esikhundleni futhi iphalamende livale kube yiziqubulo ezimbili ezizwakala kakhulu namuhla.
Izinhlamvu Ezibukhoma
Kusukela kuqale imibhikisho ukuziphatha kukahulumeni bekuyindida. Izolo uhulumeni uthe: "Hlanganisa uma ufuna, kodwa ngokuthula" futhi namuhla idolobha livuke lazithola seligcwele impi. Kwaba sengathi sisemzuliswaneni wesibili wempi engeke iphele lapho kuphela usuku.
I-El Prado (umgwaqo omkhulu wedolobha), lapho amaqembu amancane azama ukuqhubekela phambili, kwakuyinkundla yempi yasemadolobheni-nabadubuli ophahleni ababehlose ukudubula imilenze noma ukumane babulale ababhikishi. Njengophawu lwalokho uhulumeni azimisele ukukwenza: kudutshulwe intatheli (yalimala), kanye nabezimo eziphuthumayo ababili-oyedwa wabo wabulawa isibhamu esidutshulwe esifubeni ngesikhathi ezama ukuhlenga umbhikishi owayelimele.
Okunye okungaqondakali ukuthi amaphoyisa azokwenza kanjani. Uma kuyiqiniso ukuthi kusukela ngo-5 ekuseni abaholi bamaphoyisa sebefinyelele esivumelwaneni nohulumeni, kusenezinhlaka ezingaphakathi ngaphakathi ezingasiboni isivumelwano futhi ezidubedube.
Isixuku sizungeze isiteshi samaphoyisa esithutha abantu baxhuma izikhali ngenxa yokucasuka. Ekuqaleni, isimo sengqondo samaphoyisa sasingenalo inzondo: โBheka, esinakho nje amakhwelaโ esho. Kodwa lapho isixuku sisongela ukuqhubeka, amanye amaphoyisa akhipha izikhali zawo.
Inkinga yezikhali ibukeka iwumgogodla, okuxoxwe ngayo usuku lonke izolo nanamuhla. Ingoma yakudala ethi โizikhali kubantu, abantu ngeke bathuleโ kanye nokuthi โabantu abahlomile abasoze bachotshozwaโ yayiphindaphindwa kaningi. Omunye wesifazane wachaza ukuthi โasikwazi ukubhekana nebutho ngamatshe kuphela.โ I-Dynamite, ebivame ukusetshenziswa abavukuzi emibhikishweni, nayo izwakale ngamandla. Njalo lapho eyodwa ijikijelwa ngasemasosheni noma iqhunyiswa emgwaqweni, wonke umuntu wayemangala.
Emuva kwasemini kwethulwa into entsha: amaphoyisa abuyela kancane kancane 'esimeni esijwayelekile', futhi eLa Paz aqala ukusebenza nalo kanye ibutho abebhekane nalo izolo. Amasosha ashiye abahlaseli bawo futhi aqapha izakhiwo zomphakathi kanye nePlaza Murillo ngenkathi amaqembu amaphoyisa egcwele imigwaqo, ecindezela abaphangi futhi ebopha nentsha. Kwenzeka okufanayo naseSanta Cruz, lapho ukuhlaselwa kwamahhovisi amaqembu ezombusazwe asemthethweni nezakhiwo zomphakathi kanye nokuphangwa kwakuwumkhuba.
Ezinye zezinto ezithandwa ngababhikishi ngamahhovisi e-MNR kanye ne-MIR, amaqembu amakhulu kumfelandawonye ophethe.
Kulo lonke, abezindaba bashintshana babonisa izithombe zabaphangi nezikaJuan Pablo II ecela ukuthula eBolivia. Abezindaba baphinde babonisa imiyalezo eqhubekayo yokukhathazeka nokusekelwa kukahulumeni ovela eWashington, omongameli baseMercosur, amasonto, nezinhlangano zamabhizinisi. Umuntu angasizwa isipoki se-Argentina II.
I-Bolivia kanye ne-Argentinazo
Izolo, lapho sibuka izakhiwo ezazicekelwa phansi futhi zivutha ulaka oludumile, abanye abafundi bahlekisa: โMasiye ePlaza de Mayo!โ E-Santa Cruz, umbukiso wanamuhla ububizwa nge-'cacerolazo' futhi yonke imithombo yezindaba yamazwe ngamazwe ikhumbule i-Argentina. Ukuqhathaniswa ne-Argentina, isithombe sikamongameli ebalekela izwe, sasikhona ezinsukwini ezimbili ezedlule.
Noma kunjalo, ukulinganisa lezi zinqubo ezimbili kungaba ukwenza isimo sibe lula.
Umehluko omkhulu kakhulu ukuhlukana kwamandla engcindezelo, izinsika eziyisisekelo zalokhu noma yimuphi umbuso. Amaphoyisa ajoyina isiphithiphithi, impi e-Plaza Murillo, abashonile nabalimele nhlangothi zombili, bayisithombe esicacile sokuwa-okungakabi kukahulumeni, kodwa kombuso. Amaphoyisa, ngaphandle kwencazelo yawo, asebenze njengembangela yalesi simo esibucayi, okwenza kwaba nokwenzeka ukuthi labo abathinteke kakhulu emphakathini baphumele emigwaqweni.
Mhlawumbe ukufana okukhulu kwe-Argentinazo umuzwa we-'que se vayan todos', ovezwe ezingomeni zanamuhla, futhi kancane kakhulu izolo ntambama. Noma kunjalo, isimo lapha sihlukile: ekugqugquzeleni kwanamuhla izinyunyana zajoyina futhi, u-Evo Morales washayelwa ihlombe isixuku.
Amanye amalungu ephalamende acasulwa ukukhala kokuthi โVala iPhalamende!โ, kodwa imikhakha yezombangazwe eyahlukene yasebenzisa imizwa ethandwayo futhi, ngokwemingcele, isenamandla okulawula nokuqondisa ukuhlanganisa.
I-dynamics yesimo kanye nemikhakha yezenhlalakahle ebambe iqhaza nayo ihlukile ku-Argentinazo. Izolo, eduze kwasePlaza Murillo, umuntu ubekwazi ukubona amadoda agqoke amasudi kanye nabasebenzi nentsha. Kodwa ebusuku, ukuphanga okujwayelekile, umkhankaso osemthethweni wemithombo yezindaba, kanye nenani elikhulu lababulewe nabalimele kwaba nomphumela ophambene njengoba zonke lezi zici zaba nawo e-Argentinazo, zisebenza ukuhlukanisa isigaba esiphakathi nabasebenzi kanye nama-campesinos. Ukugqugquzelwa kwanamuhla bekungabasebenzi, abafundi, nama-campesinos.
Ekugcineni, e-Argentina uDe la Rua waphunyuka engasekelwa muntu ngaphandle komkhaya wakhe siqu. Namuhla, uSanchez de Losadaโ naphezu kokuba ehlehlile - uthole ukwamukelwa yi-US kanye nomongameli abahlukahlukene baseLatin America abaziyo ukuthi isisombululo sokhetho singase sithathe i-MAS (Movimiento al Socialismo) ehhovisi likamongameli futhi sivulele isimo esingaqinisekile kwezomnotho wabo. izinhlelo zokuqhubeka nokuphanga imithombo yemvelo yezwe.
Bolivia, sithandwa sami
Esiphila eBolivia ngokuqinisekile kuzothatha indawo yako embhalweni oyinkimbinkimbi womlando. Igazi elisemgwaqweni, ukuklabalasa okunolaka, kanye nokwesaba kombuso, kuyizithombe ezizongena emehlweni ethu njengesinyathelo esikhulu emsebenzini omkhulu okungekho nelilodwa izwe lethu elingaphunyuka.
Iphunga legesi, ukucekelwa phansi kwesimiso esidala ngaphambi kokuba kuzalwe esisha, izingcingo zokuzabalaza emigwaqweni nasezindongeni, kuyizinyathelo zokuqala zabantu abanqume ukuthi ikusasa liyinto engashintshwa.
IBolivia yizwe elihle, eligcwele impilo. Namuhla, lapho sibona abavukuzi bemasha bengaphumuli, kanye nabasebenzi abasebasha nabafundi bejikijela idayimane futhi becula โ!Que se vaya el asesino! (Umbulali kufanele ahambe!)โ asikwazanga kodwa ukuthinteka. Babeyingxenye yesiko elimangalisayo lomzabalazo nemvelaphi yalo ekugqugquzeleni okukhulu kweCOB (Central Obrera Boliviana, Bolivian Worker's Central) ngeminyaka yawo-1980 kanye nemizabalazo yoguquko ka-1952. Yile mizabalazo lapho uhulumeni wamanje eyindlalifa kokubili. kanye nembuka, kuyilapho abalingiswa bakusasa bemasha ndawonye, โโbebhala owabo umlando futhi.
Umlando obhalwe ngegazi, njengemilando yabantu njalo. Umlando esingeke sawuhlala nje siwubuke sihleli esihlalweni esinethezekile sesibukeli.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa kuphela ngokuphana kwabafundi bayo.
Nikela