Lapho edlulisela imiyalo kaMongameli uRichard Nixon yokuqhuma kwamabhomu “okukhulu” eCambodia ngo-1969, uHenry Kissinger wathi, “Noma yini endizayo kukho konke okunyakazayo”. Njengoba uBarack Obama eqala impi yakhe yesikhombisa emelene nezwe lamaSulumane kusukela aklonyeliswa ngendondo yeNobel Peace Prize, isiphithiphithi esihleliwe kanye namanga enza umuntu acishe angabi nangqondo ngobuqotho bokubulala uKissinger.
Njengofakazi emiphumeleni yabantu yobudlova basemoyeni - okuhlanganisa nokunqunywa amakhanda kwezisulu, izingxenye zazo ezihlobisa izihlahla namasimu - akungimangali ukunganakwa kwenkumbulo nomlando, futhi. Isibonelo esicacile ukukhuphuka kwamandla kuka-Pol Pot kanye ne-Khmer Rouge yakhe, ababefana kakhulu ne-Islamic State yanamuhla e-Iraq and Syria (ISIS). Nabo, babengabasekeli benkathi ephakathi abanonya abaqala njengehlelo elincane. Nazo, futhi, zaziwumkhiqizo we-apocalypse eyenziwe eMelika, kulokhu e-Asia.
NgokukaPol Pot, inhlangano yakhe “yayihlanganisa abashokobezi abangahlomile abangaphansi kuka-5,000 abangaqinisekile ngamasu abo, amaqhinga, ukwethembeka nabaholi”. Lapho amabhomu e-B52 ka-Nixon no-Kissinger eseqale ukusebenza njengengxenye “Yemenyu Yokusebenza”, idemoni elikhulu lasentshonalanga alikwazanga ukukholelwa inhlanhla yalo.
AbaseMelika balahla okulingana namaHiroshima amahlanu emaphandleni aseCambodia phakathi no-1969-73. Bahlakaza isigodi nesigodi, babuya bezoqhumisa amabhomu nezidumbu. Le migodi ishiye imigexo esabekayo, isabonakala emoyeni. Ukwesaba bekungacabangeki. Owayeyisikhulu se-Khmer Rouge wachaza indlela abasindile “ababanda ngayo futhi babezulazula beyisimungulu izinsuku ezintathu noma ezine. Bethukile futhi besangene, abantu base bekulungele ukukukholelwa ababekutshelwa ... Yilokho okwenza kwaba lula nge-Khmer Rouge ukunqoba abantu.”
Ikhomishini Yophenyo Kahulumeni WaseFinland ilinganisela ukuthi abantu baseCambodia abangu-600,000 bafa empini yombango eyalandela futhi yachaza ukuqhuma kwamabhomu “njengesigaba sokuqala eminyakeni eyishumi yokuqothulwa kohlanga”. Okwakuqala uNixon noKissinger, uPol Pot, umzuzi wabo, uqedile. Ngaphansi kwamabhomu abo, iKhmer Rouge yakhula yaba ibutho elesabekayo labangu-200,000 XNUMX.
I-ISIS inesikhathi esidlule nesamanje esifanayo. Ngokwezibalo eziningi zezazi, ukuhlasela kukaBush noBlair e-Iraq ngo-2003 kwaholela ekufeni kwabantu abangaba ngu-700,000 - ezweni elalingenawo umlando we-jihadism. AmaKurds ayenze izivumelwano zendawo nezombusazwe; AmaSunni namaShia ayenokuhlukana ngokwezigaba namahlelo, kodwa ayenokuthula; ukuganana kwakuvamile. Eminyakeni emithathu ngaphambi kokuhlasela, ngashayela ubude be-Iraq ngaphandle kokwesaba. Endleleni ngahlangana nabantu abaziqhenyayo, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ukuba ama-Iraqi, izindlalifa zempucuko eyayibonakala, kubo, ukuba khona.
UBush noBlair bakuphephethela konke lokhu. I-Iraq manje isiyisidleke se-jihadism. I-Al-Qaeda - "njengama-jihadist" ka-Pol Pot - ibambe ithuba elinikezwe ukuhlaselwa kukaShock no-Awe kanye nempi yombango eyalandela. "Imbuka" iSyria inikeze imivuzo emikhulu nakakhulu, nge-CIA kanye ne-Gulf state ratlines yezikhali, izinto zokusebenza nemali egijima eTurkey. Ukufika kwabasebenzi bakwamanye amazwe kwakungenakugwenywa. Owayeyinxusa laseBrithani, u-Oliver Miles, usanda kubhala, “Uhulumeni [waseCameron] ubonakala elandela isibonelo sikaTony Blair, owashaya indiva izeluleko ezingaguquki zeHhovisi Lezangaphandle, i-MI5 kanye ne-MI6 ukuthi inqubomgomo yethu yaseMpumalanga Ephakathi - futhi ikakhulukazi i-Middle East yethu. Izimpi zaseMpumalanga - ubengumshayeli oyinhloko ekubuthweni kwamaSulumane eBrithani ngenxa yobushokobezi lapha. "
I-ISIS inzalo yalabo abaseWashington naseLondon okwathi, ekucekeleni phansi i-Iraq njengombuso nomphakathi, bakha itulo lokwenza ubugebengu obumangalisayo obubhekiswe esintwini. Njenge-Pol Pot kanye ne-Khmer Rouge, i-ISIS iwukuguqulwa kwesimo sombuso wasentshonalanga esatshalaliswa yi-venal imperial elite engaphazanyiswa imiphumela yezenzo ezithathwe kude kakhulu namasiko. Ukuba necala kwabo akunakushiwo emiphakathini “yethu”.
Sekuyiminyaka engama-23 lesi sibhicongo sagubuzela i-Iraq, ngokushesha nje ngemva kweMpi Yezwe lokuqala, lapho i-US neBrithani baduna uMkhandlu Wezokuphepha WeZizwe Ezihlangene futhi babeka “unswinyo” oluyisijeziso kubantu base-Iraqi - okuxakayo, ukuqinisa igunya lasekhaya likaSaddam Hussein. Kwakunjengokuvinjezelwa kweNkathi Ephakathi. Cishe yonke into eyasekela isimo sesimanje, ku-jargon, "yayivinjiwe" - kusuka ku-chlorine yokwenza amanzi aphephe kumapensela esikole, izingxenye zemishini ye-X-ray, amaphilisi ezinhlungu ajwayelekile kanye nezidakamizwa zokulwa nesifo somdlavuza esingaziwa ngaphambili esiphuma othulini. izinkundla zempi eziseningizimu zingcoliswe yi-Depleted Uranium.
Ngaphambi nje kukaKhisimusi ka-1999, uMnyango Wezohwebo Nezimboni eLondon wakubekela imingcele ukuthunyelwa kwemithi yokugoma ukuze kuvikelwe izingane zase-Iraq ku-diphtheria kanye ne-yellow fever. UKim Howells, udokotela wezokwelapha kanye noNobhala Ongaphansi kukaNobhala Wezwe ePhalamende kuhulumeni kaBlair, uchaze ukuthi kungani. "Imithi yokugoma yezingane", esho, "ikwazi ukusetshenziswa ezikhalini ezibhubhisa kakhulu". Uhulumeni waseBrithani angayiqeda intukuthelo enjalo ngoba ukubika kwabezindaba nge-Iraq - okuningi kwakho okwenziwe yiHhovisi Lezangaphandle - kusola uSaddam Hussein ngakho konke.
Ngaphansi koHlelo mbumbulu lukawoyela Wokudla “olusizo”, i-$100 yabelwa um-Iraqi ngamunye ukuthi aphile isikhathi esingangonyaka. Lesi sibalo bekumele sikhokhele ingqalasizinda yomphakathi wonke kanye nezinsiza ezibalulekile ezifana nogesi namanzi. “Cabanga,” kusho uNobhala Jikelele Wenhlangano Yezizwe Ezihlangene, uHans Von Sponeck, wangitshela, “ubeka leyo nselele ngokumelene nokuntuleka kwamanzi ahlanzekile, kanye neqiniso lokuthi iningi labantu abagulayo alikwazi ukukhokhela ukwelashwa, kanye nosizi olukhulu lokuthola usuku nosuku. usuku, futhi uthola amazwibela ephupho elibi. Futhi ungalenzi iphutha, lokhu kwenziwa ngamabomu. Ngaphambilini bengingafuni ukusebenzisa igama elithi genocide, kodwa manje angisenakugwenywa.”
Enengekile, u-Von Sponeck wesula esikhundleni sokuba uMdidiyeli Wosizo Lomuntu we-UN e-Iraq. Umanduleli wakhe, uDenis Halliday, isikhulu esiphezulu se-UN esihlonishwa ngokulinganayo, naye wayesulile esikhundleni. “Ngayalwa,” kusho uHalliday, “ukuba ngisebenzise inqubomgomo eyanelisa incazelo yokuqothulwa kohlanga: inqubomgomo yamabomu eye yabulala ngokuphumelelayo abantu abangaphezu kwesigidi, izingane kanye nabantu abadala.”
Ucwaningo olwenziwa yi-United Nations Children’s Fund, i-Unicef, lwathola ukuthi phakathi kuka-1991 no-1998, ukuphakama kokuvinjelwa, kwakunezingu-500,000 zokufa kwezinsana zase-Iraq ezingaphansi kweminyaka emihlanu. Intatheli ye-TV yaseMelika yabeka lokhu kuMadeleine Albright, Inxusa laseMelika kuNhlangano Yezizwe, imbuza, “Ingabe inani liyakufanelekela?” U-Albright uphendule wathi, "Sicabanga ukuthi intengo ikufanele."
Ngo-2007, isikhulu saseBrithani esibhekele unswinyo, uCarne Ross, owaziwa ngokuthi "uMnu. I-Iraq", etshela ikomidi lokukhetha ephalamende, "[Ohulumeni base-US nabase-UK] banqabele bonke abantu indlela yokuphila." Lapho ngixoxa noCarne Ross eminyakeni emithathu kamuva, wagcwala ukuzisola nokuzisola. “Ngizizwa nginamahloni,” esho. Namuhla ungumkhulumeli weqiniso ongavamile wokuthi ohulumeni bakhohlisa kanjani nokuthi imithombo yezindaba ethobelayo idlala kanjani indima ebalulekile ekusabalaliseni nasekugcineni inkohliso. “Sasingaphakela [izintatheli] izinhlangano zobuhlakani obuhlanzekile,” esho, “noma sizozimisa zibe yiqhwa.”
Ngomhla zingama-25 kuSeptemba, isihloko se- Guardian funda: “Sibhekene nokwethuka kuka-Isis kumele senze okuthile.” "Kumele senze" isipoki esivukile, isexwayiso sokucindezelwa kwenkumbulo enolwazi, amaqiniso, izifundo ezifundiwe kanye nokuzisola noma amahloni. Umbhali walesi sihloko kwakunguPeter Hain, owayengungqongqoshe weHhovisi Lezangaphandle obhekele i-Iraq ngaphansi kukaBlair. Ngo-1998, lapho uDenis Halliday eveza izinga lokuhlupheka e-Iraq lapho uHulumeni kaBlair abelane ngakho, uHain wamhlukumeza ku-BBC. Newsnight "njengomxolisi kaSaddam". Ngo-2003, uHain weseka ukuhlasela kukaBlair e-Iraq ehlaselwe ngesisekelo samanga asobala. Engqungqutheleni eyalandela yeLabour Party, ukuchithile lokhu kuhlasela ngokuthi "indaba eyinselele".
Manje i-Hain ifuna "ukuhlaselwa kwezindiza, ama-drones, amathuluzi ezempi nokunye ukusekelwa" kulabo "ababhekene nokubulawa kohlanga" e-Iraq naseSyria. Lokhu kuzoqhubeza "isidingo sesixazululo sezepolitiki". U-Obama unomqondo ofanayo njengoba ephakamisa lokho akubiza ngokuthi "imingcele" ekuqhumeni kwamabhomu nokuhlasela kwe-drone e-US. Lokhu kusho ukuthi imicibisholo ejikijelwayo namabhomu angamaphawundi angu-500 ingaphahlaza imizi yabantu abampofu, njengoba benza ngaphandle kwemingcele e-Yemen, Pakistan, Afghanistan naseSomalia - njengoba benza eCambodia, Vietnam naseLaos. Ngomhla zingama-23 kuSepthemba, umcibisholo wokuhamba ngomkhumbi i-Tomahawk washayisa idolobhana eSifundazweni sase-Idlib eSyria, kwashona abantu abangaba yishumi nambili, okuhlanganisa nabesifazane nezingane. Akekho ophakamise ifulegi elimnyama.
Ngosuku okwavela ngalo isihloko sikaHain, uDenis Halliday noHans Von Sponeck kwenzeka ukuthi babeseLondon futhi beza bazongivakashela. Abazange bashaqeke ngobuzenzisi obubulalayo bosopolitiki, kodwa bakhala ngokungabi bikho okuqhubekayo, cishe ngendlela engaqondakali kokusebenzelana kwezizwe ngezizwe okuhlakaniphile ekuxoxisaneni okufana nesivumelwano. Emhlabeni wonke, kusukela eNyakatho ye-Ireland kuya eNepal, labo abaphathelene bodwa njengamaphekula nezihlubuki baye babhekana bodwa etafuleni. Kungani kungenjalo manje e-Iraq naseSyria.
Njenge-Ebola evela eNtshonalanga Afrika, ibhaktheriya ebizwa ngokuthi “impi engapheli” iye yawela i-Atlantic. U-Lord Richards, kuze kube muva nje inhloko yebutho laseBrithani, ufuna "amabhuzu phansi" manje. Kukhona ukunganaki, cishe kwe-sociopathic verboseness evela ku-Cameron, u-Obama kanye "nomfelandawonye wabo ozimisele" - ikakhulukazi i-Australia eyinqaba eyinqaba u-Tony Abbott - njengoba bechaza udlame olwengeziwe olulethwa kusuka kumamitha angu-30,000 ezindaweni lapho igazi lezenzakalo zangaphambilini lingazange lome. Abakaze bakubone ukuqhuma kwamabhomu futhi ngokusobala bakuthanda kakhulu bafuna ukuthi kuketule umlingani wabo ongabaluleka, iSyria. Lokhu akuyona into entsha, njengoba ifayela lezobunhloli eliputshuziwe lase-UK-US libonisa:
"Ukuze kube lula ukusebenza kwamabutho akhululayo ... kufanele kwenziwe umzamo okhethekile wokuqeda abantu abathile ababalulekile [kanye] nokuqhubeka nokuphazamiseka kwangaphakathi eSyria. I-CIA isilungisiwe, futhi i-SIS (MI6) izozama ukubhidliza izinto ezincane kanye nokuketula izehlakalo eziyinhloko eSyria, ngokusebenzisana nokuxhumana nabantu ngabanye... izinga lokwesaba elidingekayo… izaba zokungenelela… i-CIA kanye ne-SIS kufanele basebenzise… amakhono kuzo zombili izinkambu zengqondo nezenzo ukukhulisa ukungezwani.”
Lokho kubhalwe ngo-1957, nakuba bekungabhalwa izolo. Ezweni lasebukhosini, akukho lutho olushintshayo. Ngonyaka odlule, owayenguNgqongqoshe Wezangaphandle waseFrance u-Roland Dumas wembula ukuthi "eminyakeni emibili ngaphambi kwentwasahlobo yase-Arab", watshelwa eLondon ukuthi impi eSiriya yayihlelwe. "Ngizokutshela okuthile," esho engxoxweni nesiteshi sikamabonakude saseFrance i-LPC, "BengiseNgilandi eminyakeni emibili ngaphambi kodlame lwaseSyria kwamanye amabhizinisi. Ngahlangana nezikhulu eziphezulu zaseBrithani, ezavuma kimi ukuthi zazilungiselela okuthile eSyria ... IBrithani yayihlela ukuhlasela kwamavukelambuso eSyria. Baze bangibuza, nakuba ngangingaseyena uNgqongqoshe Wezangaphandle, ukuthi ngingathanda yini ukubamba iqhaza ... Lo msebenzi ubuyela emuva. Ilungisiwe, yacatshangelwa futhi yahlelwa.”
Okuwukuphela kwabaphikisi abaphumelelayo be-ISIS amademoni agunyaziwe asentshonalanga - iSyria, i-Iran, iHezbollah. Isithiyo iTurkey, “umfelandawonye” kanye nelungu leNato, eyakhe itulo neCIA, MI6 kanye neGulf medievalists ukuze kudluliselwe ukwesekwa “kumavukelambuso” aseSyria, okuhlanganisa nalawo asezibiza nge-ISIS. Ukweseka iTurkey esifisweni sayo esinesikhathi eside sokubusa isifunda ngokuketula uhulumeni wase-Assad kukhanga impi enkulu evamile kanye nokuhlakazwa okuhlasimulisayo kwezwe elihluke kakhulu ngokwezizwe eMpumalanga Ephakathi.
Isivumelwano sokuthula - kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kunzima kangakanani ukusifeza - ukuphela kwendlela yokuphuma kule siphithiphithi sombuso; ngaphandle kwalokho, ukunqunywa kwamakhanda kuzoqhubeka. Ukuthi izingxoxo zangempela neSyria kufanele zibonakale “njengezingabazekayo ngokokuziphatha” (the Guardian) kusikisela ukuthi ukucatshangelwa kokuziphatha okuhle phakathi kwalabo ababesekela isigebengu sempi uBlair akuhlali nje kuwubuwula, kodwa kuyingozi.
Kanye nesivumelwano sokuthula, kufanele kumiswe ngokushesha konke ukuthunyelwa kwezinto zempi kwa-Israyeli kanye nokuqashelwa koMbuso WasePalestine. Udaba lwePalestine luyisilonda esivundile esibhidlayo kakhulu esifundeni, kanye nezizathu ezishiwo kaningi zokukhula kontamolukhuni bamaSulumane. U-Osama bin Laden ukubeke kwacaca lokho. I-Palestine nayo inikeza ithemba. Nikeza ubulungiswa kwabasePalestine futhi uqala ukushintsha umhlaba obazungezile.
Eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-40 edlule, ukuqhuma kwebhomu kukaNixon-Kissinger eCambodia kwadedela inhlupheko lelo zwe elingakaze lilulame kukho. Kunjalo nangobugebengu bukaBlair-Bush e-Iraq. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi okuhle, ithomu yakamuva ka-Henry Kissinger yokuzisebenzela isanda kukhishwa nesihloko sayo esihlekisayo, “World Order”. Kokunye ukubuyekezwa kwezinganekwane, u-Kissinger uchazwa “njengomsunguli oyinhloko wohlelo lomhlaba oluhlale luzinzile ingxenye yesine yekhulunyaka”. Tshela lokho kubantu baseCambodia, Vietnam, Laos, Chile, East Timor kanye nazo zonke ezinye izisulu "ze-statecraft" yakhe. Kuphela lapho “thina” sibona izigebengu zempi phakathi kwethu lapho igazi liyoqala ukoma.
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“ULeMay wathi ukube sihluliwe empini ngabe sonke sishushiswe njengezigebengu. Futhi ngicabanga ukuthi uqinisile. Yena, futhi ngingasho mina, wayeziphatha njengezigebengu zempi. ULeMay waqaphela ukuthi ayekwenza kwakuzobhekwa njengokuziphatha okubi uma uhlangothi lwakhe luhluliwe. Kodwa yini eyenza kube kubi uma uhlulwa futhi ungaziphathi kabi uma uwina?”
Kusuka kufilimu ethi "Inkungu Yempi" lapho owayenguNobhala Wezokuvikela u-Robert McNamara ekhuluma ngezenzo zikaMaj. Gen. Curtis E. LeMay, umkhuzi wemisebenzi yokuqhunyiswa kwamabhomu yaseMelika e-Japan phakathi ne-WW II.