Njengoba bezabalazela ukulingana okukhulu, abesifazane bakhathazeka kakhulu ngokuthi izinzuzo abazenze eminyakeni yamuva zingahle zihlehliswe. Lokhu, njengegagasi elikhulayo le-Islamism kanye nombuso wezempi ononya usongela ukuvala amazwi abo futhi ubukela phansi amalungelo abo.
AmaSulumane abehamba phambili okhethweni lwakamuva lwephalamende ewina izihlalo ezingaphezu kuka-70%โokuyinto ekhathazayo kwabesifazane abafuna ukulingana ngokobulili. Ngoba naphezu kwezithembiso zabo zokusekela imigomo yenguquko yenkululeko, intando yeningi kanye nobulungiswa kanye nokucindezela i-ajenda yezwe, ama-Islamist afuna ukuqaliswa koMthetho we-Sharia.
Umthetho Wesimo Somuntu Siqu
Umthetho Wamanje Wesimo Somuntu wase-Egypt obeka imithetho yesahlukaniso somshado, ukuqashwa kanye nefa uthathwe ku-Sharia futhi ubandlulula abesifazane. AmaLiberals athi ama-Islamist aphethe iphalamende kungenzeka amelane nanoma yiziphi izichibiyelo kumthetho Wesimo Somuntu.
Bambalwa abantu besifazane asebethathe izihlalo ephalamende elisha ngemuva kokuchithwa kohlelo lwe-quota yenkathi kaMubarak egcina izihlalo ezingama-68 zabesifazane ngaphambi kokuvota kwePhalamende ngonyaka odlule. Imiphumela yokhetho ibhebhethekise ukwesaba kokuthi kusasele izithiyo kubantu besifazane ababambe iqhaza eligcwele empilweni yezepolitiki. Okuhamba phambili phakathi kwalokhu isiko lama-patriarchal eligxilile.
Ukupheliswa Kokuzala Kwabesifazane
Kunokukhathazeka futhi ngokuthi isiko lamakhulu eminyaka lokusikwa kwabesifazane (FGC) noma ukucwiywa kwezitho zangasese - okusabalele ikakhulukazi emiphakathini yasemaphandleni - lingase liqhubeke linganqandwa.
Lokhu, ngemva kwezingcingo zamuva nje zama-Islamist zokuchitha iSimemezelo Somnyango Wezempilo sango-2008 esenza kube ubugebengu umkhuba Abameli be-FGC bathi 'isinqumo senkathi kaMubarak' kwakuwumzamo โwokuphoqelela izindinganiso zaseNtshonalanga kumasiko ethu.
Kodwa naphezu kwezingqinamba, kunezimpawu ezibonisa ithemba - njengokufaka isicelo sikaBothaina Kamel sokuba ngumongameli.
Ukuphihliza Isilingi Sengilazi
Owesifazane wokuqala ongenele ukhetho lobuMongameli e-Egypt wazi kahle ukuthi mancane amathuba akhe okuwina umsebenzi ophambili. Noma kunjalo, uthi ufuna "ukuphahlaza uphahla lwengilazi" futhi enze ukuthi abanye besifazane bakwazi ukuncintisana okhethweni lukamongameli oluzayo.
UBothaina ungummeli oqinile wamalungelo abantu abambalwa okuhlanganisa namalungelo amaCopt, amaNubians namaBedouin. Imizamo yakhe imzuzele abalandeli abaningi kubo bobubili ubulili, okuhlanganisa nabalandeli abancane ababhala kuTwitter ukuthi ubanike โithuba lokuphupha.
Kodwa akubona bonke abantu baseGibhithe abanesasasa likaBothaina. Ngemva konyaka imibhikisho emikhulu eyaphoqa u-Hosni Mubarak ngaphandle, abaseGibhithe baya ngokuya bekhathala. Izwe manje selihlukene laba amakamu amabili: elamabutho enguquko kanye nalokho abaseGibhithe abakubiza ngokuthi โiphathi yombhedeโ.
Lesi sakamuva sibhekise kulabo abangafisi ukubandakanyeka kwezombusazwe futhi abakhetha ukuzinza.
Imidiya elawulwa nguhulumeni
Abantu baseGibhithe abavamile emigwaqweni manje bathi โizinxushunxushu ezingokomzwelo zonyaka odlule zisithene amandla,โ noma bathi โsimane sifuna ukuqhubeka nempilo yethu. Sinezingane okumele sizondle.โ Abanye baqhubekela phambili besola isixuku sakwaTahrir ngokuthi โngabasebenzi bakwamanye amazwe abafuna ukucekela phansi izwe.โ
Imithombo yezindaba elawulwa uhulumeni, namanje engumkhulumeli wombuso, iphumelele ukwenza ingxenye enkulu yabantu imelane noguquko.
Imiyalezo yabezindaba ethi โumnotho uyawohloka ngokukhululekile,โ ethi โizigebengu nezigebengu zikhululekileโ kanye nokuthi โizandla ezingabonakali zakwamanye amazwe zibhebhezela uthuthuvaโ iye yaphumelela ukuthusa umphakathi olangazelela ukulondeka.
Abasebenzi Abafuna Izimo Ezingcono Zomsebenzi
Amathangi amasosha asebuyile ezulazula emigwaqweni ngemuva kwemibiko yokusabalala kokuphangwa nobugebengu.
Ezinyangeni ezedlule, kuphinde kwaqubuka iziteleka zabasebenzi befuna izimo zokusebenza ezingcono nokunyuselwa amaholo.
Izishoshovu ezisekela izinguquko ziye zahlala kaningi ngaphandle kwezakhiwo zikahulumeni ezibalulekile njengePhalamende, iNdlunkulu Yezokuvikela noma i-State TV. Bebelokhu befuna "amaQassas" noma ubulungiswa kwababulawa noma abalimele emibhikishweni esanda kuchitha igazi.
"Dlulisela Amandla Kubaphathi Abangamasoshaโ
Baphinde bacele ukuthi kudluliselwe amandla ngokushesha kuhulumeni wezakhamizi-izimfuno ezingakaweli ezindlebeni ezingezwa.
Umkhandlu wamasosha ophethe izwe ubhekane kanzima nabaphikisayo, wabeka abesifazane abayisikhombisa ababhikishi ukuba baphoqwe โukuhlolwa kwezintombiโ ngomhla ziyi-10 kuNdasa wezi-2011 emzamweni wokubalulaza.
Ukuqondiswa Okuhlelekile Kwamabomu Kwabesifazane Ababhikishi
Kamuva nje, izishoshovu zesifazane zishaywe kanzima ngesikhathi kunemibhikisho phambi kweNdlunkulu yePhalamende.
Ngokwezishoshovu zamalungelo, kube nendlela ehleliwe eqondiswe kwababhikishi besifazane nezintatheli ukuze bangahlanganyeli nemibhikisho.
Izishoshovu zibalula ukuhlaselwa kwentatheli ye-CBS uLara Logan eTahrir Square ngoFebhuwari 2011 futhi muva nje, kwezinye izintatheli zakwamanye amazwe ezimbili ezikhuluma ngemibhikisho njengezibonelo zokusatshiswa kwezintatheli zesifazane ngamasosha.
Ividiyo ye-youtube ebonisa owesifazane osemncane waseGibhithe owayebhikisha ekhumula ubhodisi futhi ehudulwa ngamasosha yasabalala ku-inthanethi ngasekupheleni konyaka odlule, kwasusa umsindo emazweni ngamazwe.
Ekuphenduleni lesi sigameko esishaqisayo, ababhikishi besifazane abayizinkulungwane ezintathu bamashe emhlanganweni obusuka eTahrir Square beya e-Journalists Syndicate edolobheni laseCairo, begxeka ukusetshenziswa konya kwamasosha kanye nezokuphepha kubabhikishi abanokuthula.
Bafuna kushushiswe uField Marshal Hussein Tantawi (inhloko ye-SCAF) ngamacala abhekiswe esintwini.
โIntombazane EkuBra Oluhlazaโ
"Intombazane egqoke ubhodisi oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka" ifike ukuze ifanekisele umzabalazo wabesifazane baseGibhithe wenkululeko nokulingana. Uphinde enze isifinyezo sokuhluleka kwe-Egypt Spring njengoba izifiso zabashisekeli bentando yeningi zisazofezeka.
Nakuba imashi yabesifazane iphumelele ekufakeni ingcindezi kubabusi bezempi ukuba basheshise uhlelo lwezinguquko, iphinde yaveza igebe elikhulayo phakathi kwalabo abangakholelwa kuzwelonke kanye nama-conservatives.
Abesifazane bashaqekile futhi badumala lapho bezwa ilungu lesifazane eliqavile le-Muslim Brotherhood MB ligxeka lo mbuthano.
UManal Aboul Hassan, iNhloko yekomidi labesifazane ku-Freedom and Justice Party usole ababhikishi ngokufeza izinhloso zakwamanye amazwe. Ucashunwe yiphephandaba elizimele ethi laba besifazane bekufanele bahlale emakhaya futhi bekumele kube ngabayeni babo, abafowabo noma amadodana abo ahlangane egameni labo.
"Odadewabo" be-Muslim Brotherhood
Nakuba i-Muslim Brotherhood (MB) - eyavalwa amashumi eminyaka ngaphansi kwemibuso yaseGibhithe eyalandela - izamile ukwamukela i-ajenda yenguquko kusukela yathatha izintambo kwezombusazwe zaseGibhithe, leli qembu ngokusobala lithanda indima "yendabuko" noma engokwenkolo yabesifazane.
โOdadeโ njengamalungu esifazane e-MB kubhekiselwa kubo, amashumi eminyaka banikela ngesikhathi sabo emsebenzini wokusiza abampofu kanye nemisebenzi yezenhlalo. Yize bengenele ukhetho lwephalamende olwedlule kodwa abazibambi izihlalo zobuholi beqembu.
Konke lokhu kubekelwe amadoda.
Abesifazane Abaningi EGibhithe Bazizwa Bekhashiwe
Abesifazane abaningi e-Egypt bazizwa bekhohlisiwe futhi bavame ukukhononda ngokuthi 'uguquko lwebiwe' kubo umbuso wezempi kanye nama-Islamist.
Ngesikhathi besalinde ukuchibiyelwa kwe-Personal Status Law ukuze isimo sabo sithuthukiswe nokuthi umthetho omusha unqande ukuhlukunyezwa ngokocansi okusabalele, abesifazane baseGibhithe bayazibuza ukuthi kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani ngaphambi kokuba bavune izithelo zenguquko.
Kodwa sekudlule unyaka, ukuzimisela kwabo akuzange kuntengantenge futhi bafunga ukuthi bazoqhubeka nokulwela amalungelo abo. Futhi njengoba uKamel ememezela, "Umfutho usuqalile futhi awunakuhlehliswa. Sizoqhubeka nokwakhela kulowo mfutho.โ
U-Shahira Amin uyintatheli nomhlaziyi waseGibhithe owaziwa kakhulu. Njengamanje uyiSenior Anchor/Correspondent, i-Nile TV, kanye nomnikeli we-CNN. U-Amin ushiye phansi i-NileTV embhikishweni osobala emelene nokuchema nokwesekwa kombuso wenguquko yaseGibhithe, ayijoyine ngenkuthalo eTahrir Square. U-Shahira Amin waziwa ngokuvikela kwakhe okungenakunyakaziswa kwenkululeko, intando yeningi, ubulungiswa bezenhlalakahle kanye nokulingana kobulili.
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Nikela