Ukuhlobanisa izinhlekelele zabantu ngethalente nesibindi, ukunikeza izwi kulabo abahlale bengabandakanywa, bephikisa futhi begxeka ukungabi nabulungisa kwezenhlalakahle ngemibhalo yentatheli neyombhalo, lawa angamathuluzi i-diaspora yabesifazane emhlabeni eyenzile yatholakala esenzweni soguquko sokufunda. . Abesifazane okwathi ekhulwini lamashumi amabili nakule minyaka embalwa yekhulunyaka lamashumi amabili nanye basambulela lokho u-Elรญas Caneti akubiza ngokuthi ababhali besikhathi sethu, abagcina umkhondo wesistimu, abaloli bemilando ababalulekile.
Phakathi nesonto eledlule banikeze ubufakazi, basikhumbuza ngalokhu engikushoyo, ngamandla asinika ithemba esikhathini esinzima emlandweni wesintu. Omunye walaba besifazane, ophilayo, onomsindo kukhiye ophansi, ngokumamatheka kwentombazane yakhe engenacala, umfundi ongakhathali wezincwadi nempilo futhi namuhla, owine izindondo eziningi. Omunye, akaziwa endaweni yethu, owasicela ukuba silale sineminyaka engamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye nane ngaphandle kokuthi ahlulwe. Walwa engakhathali ngamazwi akhe.
Ngikhuluma ngabantu ababili abavele ezindabeni ngesonto eledlule. U-Elenita Poniatowska, owawina Umklomelo we-Cervantes ka-2013, ufanelekela amandla akhe amangalisayo okusikhumbula, ngezindaba ezinhle kakhulu, izindaba ezingenakulibaleka, njengaleyo kaJesusa Palancares eHasta No Verte, Jesรบs Mรญo, noma El Tren que pasa I-Primero, lapho isiteji esiphakathi nendawo sihlala abasebenzi besitimela ngokwengqikithi ye-Mexico kanye nesimangaliso sayo sezomnotho, esisekelwe emsebenzini nokuxhashazwa kwamadodana namadodakazi ayo.
Omunye, ongekho ngaphansi kuka-Doris Lessing, uMklomelo KaNobel Wezincwadi ngo-2007, umbhali wencwadi eyisisekelo ekhuluma ngokungabi nabulungisa kwabantu, ukucwaswa kwabesifazane kanye nezinkulumo zombono ongenazinkolelo-ze: I-Golden Notebook (1962), ukulandisa kwakhe okude ukuthi wamenza, kwaze kwaba sekupheleni kokuphila kwakhe, waba yisihlubuki esiqinisekisiwe. U-Lessing wasimangaza ngezincwadi zakhe, ngobuhlakani bakhe obungenakuphikwa; amanoveli akhe abonisa ihlazo lesikhathi sethu. Wayeyisitha esifungelwe sayo yonke inkolelo-mbono nobufandamentali.
Enye inkosazana yasePoland, enye inkosazana eyiNgisi eyazalelwa e-Iran, kwase kuba yiPheresiya. Omunye onezimpande zobuntatheli okwazile ukunaka umlando futhi aphule imingcele yokukhohlwa, omunye, ngokusho komlobi uMarta Sanz, wabeka ukukhanya emizabalazweni yesigaba, ubulili namasiko, efuna into efanayo. Kokubili ekhasini lokuqala le-El Paรญs, eyaziwayo futhi esebenzayo.
Phakathi kwabahlaziyi bezincwadi eMexico, alikho igama elithi Doris Lessing. UDoris wazalelwa ePersia ngo-1919, futhi ehlala eRhodesia. Washona ngoNovemba 17. Incwadi yakhe enezifanekiselo, i-Golden Notebook, yamenza waba umuntu emhlabeni wonke, umthombo wemibhalo ebhaliwe ngaphandle kokwesaba ukwenqatshwa, emelene ngokuqinile nobandlululo nokucwaswa ngokwebala eRhodesia, owesifazane okwaze kwaba yilapho ephefumula okokugcina, ayikwazanga ukuthuliswa. Unendaba ethinta inhliziyo, engaziwa ngeSpanishi, enesihloko esithi "Kungani ingane emnyama yaseZimbabus yebe imanuwali yezinga eliphezulu le-physics". Umbhali wombiko wezindaba othi "African Laughter", washushiswa, wenqatshelwa.
Ngawo-1970s: U-Elenita eMexico noJesusa Palancares usethula kulaba besifazane babantu, imisebenzi yabo yansuku zonke kanye nokusesha kwabo, ehlanganisa umlando wesikhathi sakhe, kokubili okubandakanya nokuphikelela, ngalezo zindlebe ezinhle eziphawula intatheli esebenzayo, iqala usishukumise ngokujulile. Khonamanjalo, u-Doris ufundwa kabanzi ngabashisekeli besifazane abasha, ngenxa yekhono lakhe lokubuka nokulandisa, ngolimi oluguquguqukayo, umehluko phakathi kwabesilisa nabesifazane, phakathi kokungabi nabulungiswa kwezenhlalo yesistimu yonxiwankulu kanye nokungafakwa kwayo ngendlela ehlelekile.
UDoris wakwazi, kumanoveli akhe, ukulandelela umkhathi wobumbano phakathi kwabesifazane. Eno-Simone de Beauvoir walandisa futhi wabonisa ngokucacile ukunengeka esikuzwayo lapho sibhekene nomonakalo wokuguga. Ekupheleni kwempilo yakhe washiya imicabango ekhulelwe mayelana nedrama yokungalingani, efuna ngokushesha umphakathi lapho kungabikho muntu ozozizwa enecala lombulali noma ubuthakathaka obuqinile bomuntu ohlukunyeziwe, njengoba uMarta Sanz abhala ngaye e-El Paรญs ngoNovemba 18. .
Abalandisi ababili abakhulu, ababhali bemilando, izintatheli, ababhali bamanoveli, ababhali abagxile esikhathini sabo futhi abalingisa lesi sikhathi ngomsebenzi wabo, lesi sidingo esidingekayo, esiphuthumayo, esiyisisekelo sokufunda, sokuzindla, sokuthatha igama elithi ngaphandle komzabalazo wobulili unikezwe izigidi. kwabantu ukuze bangakwazi ukukhohlwa i-halo eyisisekelo engukuphila, ngaphandle kokuyeka ukubuka omunye, kuzo zonke ezinye, engxenyeni ngayinye yomlando.
Ku-Elena, umbhali u-Rosa Beltrรกn uyaqinisekisa ukuthi umsebenzi wakhe usuphenduke inkomba ebalulekile yesiko laseMexico, usuka emlandweni oxoxwayo uye embhalweni, namaqiniso kunamagama azalwa ngomsebenzi wakhe kudala ngaphambi kokuba angene esikoleni. Asikwazi kodwa ukukusho ngokuzwakalayo lokho okungekho muntu lapha eMexico owaba nesibindi sokukusho: U-Elena wabhala ukuhlukunyezwa okunyantisayo kwamantombazane amancane adlwengulwa futhi alahlwa ukuzamazama komhlaba ngo-1985.
Kukhona okwengeziwe, njengoba uJuan Villoro abhala. U-Elena wafunda ukuzwa ebuntathelini bakhe. Emasontweni ambalwa edlule, njengenjwayelo, ngambona ebhala amanothi ebhukwini elincane, ephefumula ngokujulile kulokho okumgqugquzele, edweba akubona. Ubehlala eyintatheli engakhathali. Ngahlangana naye esenzweni sokuhlonipha uLaura Bonaparte ngemva kokushona kwakhe. Futhi empeleni u-Elenita uyingcweti yokuzwelana nezimpimpi zakhe. Amaqiniso eza ngaphambi kwezichasiso, yini edingekayo kulolu hlobo lobuntatheli, lokhu kubhala, lokhu kulandisa, kusukela ebhukwini lokubhalela kuya kunoveli, njengoba iqiniso lithatha inyama.
Ngokuqondene noDoris, wasishiya, phakathi kwemibhalo eminingi, incwadi eyodwa emnandi nenesithunzi uSeis Barral ayishicilela (ngeSpanishi) ngo-1962: La Costumbre de Amar (Umkhuba Wokuthanda, eyanyatheliswa ngo-1957 ngesiNgisi), iqoqo lezindaba eziyishumi nesikhombisa. ezidala kabusha impilo evamile, ngeqiniso elinqunu, lokho esiyikho njengamadoda nabesifazane; ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, osizini oluncane, njengoba uJosรฉ Marรญa Guelbenzu ephawula ngalombhalo.
Izibonelo ezimbili zokulandisa okusekelwe esikhathini sethu, ngendlela efanayo nomsebenzi ka-Elena Garro noRosario Castellanos, zizele ukuzonikeza amandla emiphefumulweni yethu, kulezi zikhathi lapho ubunuku bemibango yamandla, amanga kanye nokulingiswa kungasiklinya uma asinwebisi ukubona kwethu, uma sehluleka ukwamukela ubuntu bethu bangempela, into engasisindisa kulezi zikhathi ezibucayi neziphelelwe ithemba.
Ngihlala nabo. Ngizozifunda.
(Kuhunyushelwe u-Alai ngu-Jordan Bishop)
- USara Lovera uyintatheli yaseMexico.
I-Palabra yase-Antรญgona.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa kuphela ngokuphana kwabafundi bayo.
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