Kukhona okuthile okungajwayelekile mayelana nezingxoxo eziqhubekayo zeWorld Trade Organisation
Impela, esinye sezinyathelo ezibaluleke kakhulu emzabalazweni wokuqhamuka nesu elisebenzayo lokubhekana nokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu kungaba ukuxegiswa kwalokhu okubizwa nge-โDoha Round.โ
Uhwebo lwembulunga yonke lwenziwa ngezinto zokuhamba ezincike kakhulu emafutheni ezinto ezimbiwa phansi. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi cishe u-60% wokusetshenziswa kukawoyela emhlabeni uya emisebenzini yokuthutha encike ngaphezu kuka-95% emafutheni ezinto ezimbiwa phansi. Ucwaningo lwe-OECD lulinganisela ukuthi umkhakha wezokuthutha emhlabeni jikelele ubamba u-20-25% wokukhishwa kwekhabhoni, kanti amanye ama-66% alesi sibalo abalwa ukukhishwa kwesisi emazweni asezimboni.
Uhwebo Lomhlaba Wonke: Ukungasebenzi Ngokujulile
Ngokombono wokusimama kwemvelo, ukuhwebelana komhlaba wonke sekuphenduke ukungasebenzi kahle. Thatha ukuhweba kwezolimo. Njengoba i-International Forum on Globalization iye yabonisa, ipuleti elimaphakathi lokudla okudliwa emazweni aseNtshonalanga angenisa ukudla kwezimboni kungenzeka ukuthi selihambe amakhilomitha angu-1,500 ukusuka emthonjeni walo. Ukuhamba amabanga amade kunomthelela esimweni esingenangqondo lapho โkusetshenziswa ukudla okuphindwe kathathu ukuze kukhiqizwe ukudla ngendlela yezolimo yezimboni kunalokho okutholakala ekukudleni.โ
I-WTO ibe yinto esemqoka ekwandiseni ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni kwezokuthutha. Ucwaningo lwe-OECD olwenziwa maphakathi nawo-nineties lulinganisela ukuthi ngo-2004, unyaka ophawula ukuqaliswa ngokugcwele kwezibopho zohwebo lwamahhala ngaphansi kwe-Uruguay Round ye-WTO, kwakuzoba nokwenyuka kokuthuthwa kwempahla edayiselwa ngamazwe ngamazwe ngama-70% ngaphezulu. 1992 amazinga. Lesi sibalo, kuphawula i-New Economics Foundation, โsingenza inhlekisaโ izinhloso zokunciphisa ukungcola okuphoqelekile kwe-Kyoto Protocol emazweni anezimboni.
Ezokuthutha: I-Fossil Eningi Kakhulu kune
Indiza, enezinga eliphezulu lokukhula njengendlela yezokuthutha, iphinde ibe umthombo okhula ngokushesha kakhulu wokukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa, kanti ukusetshenziswa kwayo kukaphethiloli kulindeleke ukuthi kukhuphuke ngo-65% ukusuka kumazinga ka-1990 ngo-2010, ngokocwaningo oluthile olucashunwe yiNew. I-Economics Foundation. Ezinye izilinganiso azinathemba kakhulu, njengoba i-Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) iphakamisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli yizindiza zomphakathi kuzonyuka ngenani lamaphesenti amathathu ngonyaka futhi kungase kunyuke cishe ngo-350% kumazinga ka-1992 ngo-2050. Note Mander and U-Retallack: โIthani ngalinye lempahla ehanjiswa indiza lisebenzisa amandla aphindwe kamashumi amane nesishiyagalolunye ngekhilomitha ngalinye kunalapho ihanjiswa umkhumbiโฆ.Ukusuka kwemizuzu emibili nge-747 kulingana nezinsimbi zokugunda utshani eziyizigidi ezingu-2.4 ezigijima imizuzu engamashumi amabili.โ Ukweseka ukwanda kwezohwebo kanye nokukhula komnotho emhlabeni jikelele, iziphathimandla ngokuvamile azizange zikhokhiswe intela kuphethiloli wendiza kanye nophethiloli wasolwandle, osekunenani elingama-20% azo zonke izinto ezikhishwayo emkhakheni wezokuthutha.
Kanye nezokuthutha zezindiza ezisetshenziswa ngamandla ngamafutha ambiwa phansi, ezokuthutha emigwaqweni edla amafutha enziwe ngamafutha ambiwa phansi nazo ziye zathakaselwa ukwanda kohwebo lomhlaba, esikhundleni sezindlela ezingcolisa umoya ongcolile njengomzila wesitimela nolwandle. E-European Union, isibonelo, ukugxila ekwakhiweni kwenethiwekhi yezokuthutha emgwaqeni kwaholela ucwaningo lwe-OECD ukuba luphawule ngokuthi โindlela inqubomgomo yenkululeko ye-EU esetshenziswe ngayo ivune izindlela ezingavumelani nemvelo futhi yasheshisa ukwehla kwezitimela. kanye nemisele yamanzi ephakathi nezwe.โ
Ukukhula Kwe-Decoupling namandla: i-Panacea
Kube nenkulumo mayelana nokwehliswa kohwebo nokukhula kusuka emandleni noma ukusuka kumafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi kuye kweminye, imithombo yamandla edla kancane ikhabhoni. Iqiniso liwukuthi eminye imithombo yamandla ebhekwa ngokujulile iyingozi, njengamandla enuzi; nemiphumela emibi eyingozi, njengomthelela omubi wama-biofuels ekukhiqizweni kokudla; noma inganekwane yesayensi njengalesi sigaba, njengokuthathwa kwekhabhoni nobuchwepheshe bokugcina. Ngokwekusasa elibonakalayo, ukwanda kwezohwebo kanye nokukhula komhlaba kuzohambisana nomlando wabo wokuhlotshaniswa nokukhuphuka kwesisi esingcolisa umoya.
I-U-turn ebukhali ekusetshenzisweni nasekukhuleni emazweni athuthukile kanye nokwehla okukhulu ekuhwebeni komhlaba akunakugwenywa uma sizoba nesu elisebenzayo lokulwa nokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu. Lokhu kuzobeka inkundla yokuncishiswa kwesisi esingcolisa umoya, okuhlanganisa nomkhakha wezokuthutha odla amandla kagesi. Umphumela wezingxoxo ze-Doha uzocacisa ukuthi ukuhwebelana ngokukhululeka kuzoqina noma kuzolahlekelwa umfutho. Isiphetho esiyimpumelelo se-Doha sizosisondeza ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu okungalawuleki. Izoqhubeka nalokho i-New Economics Foundation ekuchaza ngokuthi โuhambo lwamahhala lokuhweba ngokukhululekile esimweni sezulu somhlaba wonke.โ
Ukuchezuka kwe-Doha ngeke kube yisimo esanele sokusungula isu lokuqukatha ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Kodwa uma kubhekwa imiphumela engemihle yemvelo yesivumelwano esiyimpumelelo, kuyisimo esidingekayo.
Kushicilelwe ngu Inqubomgomo Yangaphandle Ekugxilweni Kwabo (i-FPIF), iphrojekthi ye-Institute for Policy Studies.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa kuphela ngokuphana kwabafundi bayo.
Nikela