Loisaida, by Dan Chodorkoff
Burlington: Fomite Press, 2011, 338 pp.
http://www.fomitepress.com/FOMITE/Loisaida.html
Ngawo-1980s, i-Lower East Side yaseManhattan eqanjiwe yayisesikhathini soguquko. Kwakusenezinsalela ezinkulu zamasiko amadala abokufika ezakha ubunikazi bomakhelwane ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, njengoba nje i-zeitgeist yayo yayibunjwe kabusha ngokuphawulekayo ukuthutheleka kwabantu basePuerto Rican ngeminyaka yamashumi ayisithupha namashumi ayisikhombisa. Amandla e-gentrification - okwathi emashumini eminyaka alandela aphendule cishe yonke iManhattan yaba indawo ecebile - ayesanda kuqala ukuthola ukuthi yini le ndawo, empumalanga yeGreenwich Village, eyayizokunikeza yona. Ngakho-ke kwakukhona izindawo zokudlela zase-Ukraine nezitolo zezingubo zamaJuda, ama-bodegas nezitolo zokuthenga, ingasaphathwa eyokuphuza ama-latte ambalwa, zonke zizama ukuhlalisana ebhodweni elingazinzile elingancibiliki ngempela.
Kule ngxubevange eneziyaluyalu, ukutheleka kwabantu abaningi abagqugquzelwa yi-anarchist base beqalile ukuthatha izakhiwo ezingasasebenzi futhi bazama ukwakha izinhlobo ezintsha zezindlu zasemadolobheni. Kwesinye isikhathi basebenzisana nezishoshovu zase-Puerto Rican ukuze basungule ukulingana komjuluko, bakhe izingadi zomphakathi, futhi bamelane nonjiniyela abanolaka kakhulu. Ngokuvamile babebukana ngokudelela okuthile: ama-anarchists, njengama-hippie ayegcwele "i-East Village" emashumini eminyaka adlule ayevame ukuba ngababaleki abavela ezindaweni ezidla izambane likapondo, kanti abantu basePuerto Ricans babengewona nje impi noma balungile ngokwepolitiki kwabanye. ama-squatters.
Lesi yisimo se-Loisaida ka-Dan Chodorkoff, indaba ethokozisayo ezayo echaza uhambo lowesifazane osemusha lokuzitholela yena kanye nokuvuka kwezombusazwe. UCatherine onezinwele ezinsomi ungomunye walabo babaleki abangaphansi kwedolobha. Uphunyuke endaweni ekhululekile kodwa ephephe kakhulu e-Scarsdale ukuze ayohlala nesithandwa sakhe endaweni ehlala i-Lower East Side futhi asebenze ephephandabeni le-anarchist, i-Avalanche enenhloso enhle kodwa eyeqisayo. Enye yalezo zingadi zomphakathiโkulokhu eyasungulwa izishoshovu zasePuerto Rican kodwa esanda kuvamezelwa kakhulu ama-anarchists nama-punk rockersโihlelelwe ukubhidlizwa ngaphansi kwesizathu sokwakha izindlu ezihola kancane. Umakhelwane uba ne-polarized nakakhulu, futhi uCatherine uqala ukuzwa izwi lakhe. UChodorkoff, owasungula i-Institute for Social Ecology eVermont, kodwa ehlala futhi esebenza eLower East Side cishe iminyaka engamashumi ayisishiyagalombili, usazi kahle lesi sigameko, futhi uqhamuke kakhulu kubantu abaningi ayebazi futhi asebenza nabo phakathi naleyo minyaka. .
Abalingiswa abahehayo abazokwazi ukuzwakala ngokushesha nanoma ubani ojwayelene ne-New York yamashumi eminyaka adlule. Kukhona owayengumholi weqembu lezigelekeqe osephenduke waba umgqugquzeli osebenza kahle kakhulu nonothando endaweniโumlingiswa olingiswa umngane oseduze kaChodorkoff u-Chino Garciaโkanye nomunye umholi weqembu โoguqukileโ osephenduke usopolitiki okhohlakele. Kukhona umshicileli wephephandaba langaphambili le-Yippie onomlando wokugunyazwa, umama ongayedwana ozifunela impilo engcono yena nendodana yakhe encane, kanye nazo zonke izinhlobo zezimbongi zasemgwaqweni, abadayisi bezidakamizwa, odoti abashisekayo, kanye nabanye abasebasha abanemibono emihle. Kodwa emazwini kaChodorkoff anekhono, agcwele uthando nothando ngalaba bantu kanye nomakhelwane wabo, bakude nezinhlobo ze-archetypes nje; baba ucezu oluthakazelisayo lwesintu olushikashikana nokuphila ezikhathini ezishintshayo. Sithola injabulo, imizwa, injabulo kanye nokwesaba kwe-New York phakathi kwezinxushunxushu noguquko.
Njengoba izehlakalo zika-Loisaida zenzeka (isihloko siwuhlobo lokuhumusha kwe-Spanglish kokuthi โLower East Sideโ okwaduma ngaleyo minyaka), sidonseleka ebunzimeni nokungaqiniseki kwalo mhlaba. Abantu banemibono ephusile, kodwa abanayo neze; unesibindi, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi ubudlwangudlwangu obungenakucindezelwa; uzimisele ukwenza okulungile, kodwa ubanjwe ezinkambisweni zama-subcultures ahlukahlukene ezenza kube nzima ukubona ukuthi umhlaba ubukeka kanjani emehlweni abanye. Kunezikhathi zesambulo, kanye nokungabaza kwangempela, njengoba abantu bezama ukufinyelela ngale kokuhlukana kwabo ukuze basindise indawo.
Umlingiswa ohlanganisa konke, ohlanganisa umlando wendawo, futhi oqondisa uCatherine ohambweni lwakhe lokuvuka ugogo wakhe omkhulu, uSonia, umbaleki ovela e-czarist Russia owahlala endaweni ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. U-Sonia wayephakathi kwesiyaluyalu sabasebenzi ekuqaleni kwekhulunyaka, kanye nemizamo yokugcina amasiko aqinile ephila phakathi namashumi eminyaka empi, ingcindezelo kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwamasiko. Simvakashela, sino-Catherine, ekhaya lakhe lasebekhulile, futhi siphinde sifunde amazwibela avelele omlando oxoxwayo awuqophela ubaba ka-Catherine ngesikhathi esakhula ngombono wakhe weminyaka yawo-1960. Njengoba u-Catherine ethola umlando ofihliwe womndeni wakhe, sithola isikhathi lapho abantu benikela ngaso sonke isikhathi sokuphila kwabo ekudaleni umhlaba ongcono.
U-Sonia uphinde wethula u-Catherine ku-Jack Hoffman, isizukulwane esincane kuno-Sonia, futhi ohamba phambili ekuqwashiseni okuvelayo kwezindawo zasemadolobheni zenkathi. Umlingiswa ka-Hoffman, vele, ulingiselwe umngane nomeluleki oseduze ka-Chodorkoff, uMurray Bookchin, umsunguli we-ecology yezenhlalo, futhi wabelana ngobuntu buka-Bookchin be-acerbic, kanye nengqondo yakhe engenakuqhathaniswa yokugxeka umphakathi kanye nokuhlanganisa okumangalisayo kwethiyori. Lokho u-Sonia akunikezayo ngezindaba zakhe, u-Hoffman ugcizelela ngokuzindla kwakhe ngokuthi kusho ukuthini ukuphilela umbono futhi unikele impilo yomuntu embonweni ohambisanayo wezwe elingcono. SinoCatherine, sifika ekuboneni ukuthi kusho ukuthini ukufinyelela ngale kwemikhawulo yesigcawu sentsha yesishoshovu, kanye nezithakazelo zayo zokuphila okwamanje, nokuzinikela ekuguquleni isikhathi eside kwezenhlalo. I-Loisaida ibalulekile futhi ibandakanya ukufunda kunoma ubani onentshisekelo ye-New York, amasiko entsha, ukuvela kwe-radicalism edumile, noma ofuna nje indaba emnandi.
UBrian Tokar ungumqondisi wamanje we-Institute for Social Ecology (social-ecology.org) kanye nomfundisi wezifundo zezemvelo eNyuvesi yaseVermont. Izincwadi zakhe zakamuva zithi Toward Climate Justice (New Compass Press, 2010, esakazwe ngabakwa-AK Press) kanye nethi Agriculture and Food in Crisis (ehlelwe ngokubambisana noFred Magdoff, Monthly Review Press, 2010).
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa kuphela ngokuphana kwabafundi bayo.
Nikela