Umthombo: The Progressive
Izinyunyana zabasebenzi zimake uSuku Lwabasebenzi Lomhlaba ngoMeyi 1 ngamamashi eMelika Ephakathi. Izinkulungwane zababhikishi ziqhamuke emazweni ahlukene esifundeni sonke, naphezu kokubhekana nezimo zengcindezelo kwezinye izimo, ukukhumbula umzabalazo wabasebenzi abahlelekile kanye nokufuna ukuthuthukiswa kwezimo zokusebenza. Kodwa ngenkathi imibhikisho ithola ukwesekwa kwabantu abaningi, izinyunyana zabasebenzi zibhekene nezinsongo ezihleliwe kanye nezimo zabasebenzi eziwohlokayo.
Izisebenzi kulo lonke elaseMelika Ephakathi zibhekana nezinselele ezinkulu nobudlova. Kuso sonke isifunda, abasebenzi babhekene nezimo ezingezinhle zokusebenza kanye neholo elincane ezenza impilo ibe nzima.
"Isimo sabasebenzi ezingeni jikelele siwohlokile, futhi kakhulu nalolu bhubhane," kusho uLuis Fuentes, umxhumanisi kazwelonke we-AFL-CIO Solidarity Center eGuatemala, etshela. I-Progressive. Abagqugquzeli bezabasebenzi, ikakhulukazi eGuatemala, babhekene nokucwaswa ngemizamo yabo yokuhlanganisa abasebenzi futhi ngenxa yalokho izisebenzi eziningi zisebenza amahora afinyelela kwamashumi ayisikhombisa nambili ngesonto futhi ngokuvamile azikhokhelwa ngisho nomholo omncane.
Ngaphambi kwemashi yeMay Day e-El Salvador, abasebenzi babhekane nezinsongo zokuboshwa ngaphansi koMbuso Wezimo Eziphuthumayo wezwe โngokuhlotshaniswa namaqembu ezigebengu.โ Isimemezelo Sesimo Esiphuthumayo esiyimpikiswano ngokumelene namalungu ezigelekeqe, ekuqaleni kuvunyelwe ngesishayamthetho sikazwelonke ngasekupheleni kukaNdasa, kwaba ivuselelwe ezinye izinsuku ezingamashumi amathathu ngo-Ephreli 24.
"Kuyakhathaza futhi kubi kakhulu ngoba babeka engcupheni ilungelo lethu, inkululeko yethu yezinyunyana, futhi basabisa kakhulu abantu ukuze bangakwazi ukubumbana," kusho u-Angelina, isisebenzi se-maquila esicele igama-mbumbulu ngenxa yokwesaba ukuphindiselwa. I-Progressive. "Lo mlayezo owethulwe nguNgqongqoshe Wezabasebenzi usabisa abantu abaningi abangakayinyunyana."
U-Angelina akazange amashe ngenxa yokwesaba. Iningi lezinyunyana ebezimasha, uthi, bekungabalandeli kanye nabasekeli bakaMengameli uNayib Bukele. Uthi uMnyango Wezabasebenzi ufuna ukuthi beseke ungqongqoshe ongaboni ngaso linye, u-รscar Rolando Castro, osohlwini lwe-U.S. Uhlu lwama-engels yezikhulu ezikhohlakele.
โBasishayele ucingo besicela ukuthi seseke ungqongqoshe,โ usho kanje. โBacela ukuthi izinyunyana zihambisane ukuze zimvikele. Uma ungahambisani nabo ngeke bakhiphe izicucu [zenyunyana].โ
Uyanezela, โBazihlakaza ngempela izinyunyana.โ
Banqaba ukumeseka uNgqongqoshe.
Izisebenzi kulo lonke elaseMelika Ephakathi nazo ziyaqhubeka nokubhekana nezinselele ezinkulu nobudlova. Kuso sonke isifunda, abasebenzi babhekene nezimo ezingezinhle zokusebenza kanye neholo elincane ezenza impilo ibe nzima.
I-International Trade Union Confederation ibize iHonduras njengenye ye top ten eziyingozi kakhulu amazwe ngo-2020. Okungenani izishoshovu zezinyunyana ezingamashumi amathathu nesithupha babulawa eHonduras phakathi kuka-2009 no-2019. Ngokombiko womfelandawonye, โโโUkungajezisi kwadlanga njengoba uhulumeni ehluleka ukunikeza isivikelo ngesikhathi nesanele kumanyunyana athola izinsongo zokubulawa futhi ahluleka ukuphenya nokushushisa ubugebengu obumelene nezinyunyana.โ
Ukuphathwa kwe abasanda kukhethwa Umongameli waseHonduran uXiomara Castro uthathe izinyathelo ezincane zokuthuthukisa isimo. Ingqungquthela yaseHonduran kuchithiwe umthetho oyimpikiswano, owavunywa ngoNdasa wezi-2014, owaziwa ngokuthi Ley de Empleo de Hora. Umthetho wawuvumela amabhizinisi ukuthi ahlukanise abantu njengetoho kanye nabesikhashana ngezinkontileka lapho isisebenzi sasikhokhelwa amahora asetshenziwe, esikhundleni sezinga losuku. Umthetho uvame ukuhlukumeza amalungelo abasebenzi, futhi izisebenzi ngokuvamile zihluleka ukuvuselela izinkontileka zabo, okuholela ekungavikelekeni kwemisebenzi.
I-Guatemala ifuna ukusebenzisa uhlelo olufanayo, u-Fuentes aphikisana nalo luwukwephulwa kwamalungelo abasebenzi futhi lubaphika ukuphepha komphakathi.
Isimo sibi nakakhulu eGuatemala. I-International Federation of Trade Unions kumenyezelwe iGuatemala elinye lamazwe ayishumi ayingozi kakhulu kumalungu ezinyunyana kanye nezinyunyana ezihlela ngo-2014 futhi futhi ngo-2017. Izwe liye labona ukuwohloka okukhulu okuhlelekile phambi kwabasebenzi abahleliwe eminyakeni kusukela ekupheleni kwengxabano yangaphakathi yezikhali ngo-1996.
Ngalowo nyaka, izinyunyana zabasebenzi emelelwe cishe amaphesenti angu-12 abasebenzi eGuatemala, kodwa lokhu sekwehle kwafinyelela phakathi kwamaphesenti angu-1.2 nangu-2. Iningi lalezi zinyunyana lisezinkampanini zikahulumeni. NgokukaFuentes, kunezinyunyana ezingamashumi amathathu kuphela ezimele abasebenzi ezinkampanini ezizimele futhi ukuphulwa kwamalungelo abasebenzi ngokuvamile akuphenywa.
Sekungamashumi eminyaka imizamo yokuhlela abasebenzi eHonduras ihlangatshezwana namaqhinga anzima, ahlanganisa imikhankaso yokusabisa, ukudubula, ngisho ukubulawa okuhlosiwe. Ngokusho kukaFuentes, abasebenzi abazama ukuhlela nabo babhekana nokufakwa ohlwini lwabamnyama, okubavimba ukuthi bathole amathuba amasha omsebenzi.
"Izimpendulo zimbi," kusho uFuentes. โKukhona ukuziphindiselela kwalo lonke uhlobo kusukela ekuxoshweni ngisho nasekuhlushweni kwabasebenzi lapho abasebenzi abazama ukuhlela inyunyana bengena ku-database lapho bevinjwa khona ukusebenza kwezinye izinkampani ngesenzo nje esilula sokuthatha igxathu lokuhlela inyunyana. โ
Ukukhawulela amalungelo abasebenzi okuba yinyunyana kuyingxenye yomzamo wokugcina isimo esikhona.
Ezinhlelweni zayo zenqubomgomo yezangaphandle, i-Biden Administration igxile kakhulu ekutshalweni kwezimali njengendlela yokunqanda ukufuduka okukhulu okuvela esifundeni. E-Guatemala, le mizamo iholele ekudalweni kwemisebenzi emisha engu-70,000 emikhakheni ebalulekile, ngokuvumelana ne i-White House.
Eminingi yale misebenzi yadaleka ezindaweni, ikakhulukazi emkhakheni wezolimo, lapho abasebenzi bengenawo amaholo okuziphilisa. Uhlelo lweWhite House luqondise ogwini oluseningizimu yeGuatemala, kusho uFuentes, lapho zingekho izinyunyana ezimele abasebenzi emasimini akhiqiza umoba, ubhanana, ikhofi namafutha esundu ase-Afrika.
Khonamanjalo, ukufuduka kuyaqhubekaโfuthi kwabaningi, enye yezinto ezibalulekile ukuthi amaholo amancane awakwazi ukumboza izindleko ezikhuphukayo zokuphila, kuyilapho izinkampani eziningi zehluleka ukukhokha ngisho nomholo omncane.
"Iholo elincane ezweni empeleni iholo eliphezulu," kusho uFuentes. โKunocwaningo olukhomba ukuthi amaholo amancane aphulwa ngamaphesenti angama-75 ezweni.โ
Ngokusho kweGuatemala Central Bank, umholo omncane womsebenzi wendabuko, iqala kuma-quetzale angu-2,825 365 ngenyanga, noma amaRandi angu-2,742; abanye emsebenzini wezolimo bathola ama-quetzale angu-355 2,581, noma cishe amaRandi angu-334; kanti i-maquilla labour ihola kuphela ama-quetzale angu-3,100 ngenyanga, noma ama-$403. Izindleko eziphansi zezwe zenani lenyanga lezinto zokudla ezibalulekile njengamanje zifinyelela ku-XNUMX quetzales, noma ama- $XNUMX.
Izindleko ezilinganiselwe zokuphila zomndeni wabahlanuโkuhlanganise nemfundo nokunakekelwa kwezempiloโziphakeme kakhulu. Njengamanje, lezo zindleko zokuphila zilinganiselwa ku-7,000 quetzales, noma u-$918 ngenyanga.
I-El Salvador ibhekene nenselele efanayo, ikakhulukazi njengoba amanani enyuka. โYonke into ibiza kakhulu,โ kusho u-Angelina.
Ngaphandle kokudla, uFuente uthi, โsiphinde sithenge izingubo, sikhokhele izinto zokuhamba futhi sinakekele imfundo yezingane zethu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi iholo elincane alihlanganisi ngisho namaphesenti angu-50 alezo zindleko zokuphila.โ
UJeff Abbott uyintatheli ezimele njengamanje ezinze eGuatemala. "Abanye abantu baseMelika" yikholomu eyakhiwe ngu-Abbott ye-The Progressive mayelana nokufuduka kwabantu eNyakatho neMelika Ephakathi.
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