Uhlelo lukaMongameli Obama oluhlongozwayo luncane kakhulu, sekwephuze kakhulu. Okokuqala, uhlelo lukamongameli alukwazi ukufeza umgomo oyinhloko wokuqeda ukuboshwa okungapheli ngaphandle kokuqulwa kwecala ngoba okubalulekile ekwakhiweni kwalo ukuqhubeka kwaleso sici esinedumela elibi. I-Guantanamo: ngokukhetha ukugcina iziboshwa ezivalelwe unomphela ngaphakathi kwe-United States, ushintsha kuphela Ikhodi ye-ZIP yase-Guantánamo. Njengodaba oluphathekayo, lolu hlelo futhi mancane amathuba okuthi lufeze umgomo oshiwo umongameli wokuvala iGuantánamo ngoba ngendlela engaqondakali, futhi phakathi neminyaka eminingi, abaphathi behlulekile ukwenza izinyathelo ezisobala ezikhonjwe kulolu hlelo ebese zehliswe kakhulu. inani labantu ababoshiwe. Isikhathi esiningi kakhulu sesidlulile. Ukungabikho kwezinguquko ezinkulu, umongameli ngeke afeze lokhu akushilo ukuthi inhloso yenqubomgomo yokusayina.
Sekuyisikhathi eside umongameli engasebenzisi igunya lakhe eliphelele, elikhona elingokomthetho ukudlulisa iziboshwa ezisusiwe noma ukushushisa iziboshwa uhulumeni akholelwa ukuthi zenze ubugebengu enkantolo yombuso, esikhundleni samakhomishana ezempi angenabulungiswa nangenalusizi. Inqubo ye-Periodic Review Board (PRB) ihamba kancane kakhulu ukuze inciphise ngokunengqondo inani lamadoda ahlelelwe ukuboshwa okungapheli okuthiwa ngaphansi kwemithetho yempi. Ukudlulisela lawo madoda e-US ukuze aqhubeke nokuboshwa kumane kuthuthe futhi ngaleyo ndlela kulondoloza ukungabi nabulungisa okuyinhloko kwe-Guantánamo. Isikhungo Samalungelo Omthethosisekelo simelana ngokuqinile nokungenisa umbuso wokuboshwa okungapheli e-US, ngaphandle kwasezimweni zeziboshwa ezithile ezinezimo ezithile.
Isikhundla se-CCR Engxenyeni Ngayinye Yohlelo
Lolu hlelo lunezingxenye ezine: (1) buyisela ekhaya noma nihlalise kabusha iziboshwa ezingama-30+ ezigunyazwe ukudluliselwa; (2) ukwandisa izinga lokulalelwa kwe-PRB ngokunikela ngezinsiza ezengeziwe kubo; (3) izimo zomuntu ngamunye, okuhlanganisa ukudluliselwa e-US ukuze ashushiswe (amakhomishana ezempi nezinkantolo zombuso) kanye nokushushiswa kwamanye amazwe; futhi (4) idlulisele okunye e-US ukuze kuqhubeke ukuboshwa okungapheli.
1. Ababoshiwe Abasuliwe Kufanele Babuyiselwe Kwamanye Amazwe Noma Bahlaliswe Kabusha Ngokushesha
Ngemva kweminyaka engu-14 yokuboshelwa isikhathi esingaziwa, siyavuma ukuthi iziboshwa ezikhishiwe kufanele zibuyiselwe ekhaya noma zihlaliswe kabusha ngaphandle kokubambezeleka okwengeziwe. Kodwa lokhu kube yiqiniso kusukela i-Guantánamo Interagency Task Force kaMongameli Obama yaqeda umsebenzi wayo eminyakeni engaphezu kwemihlanu edlule futhi nokho phakathi nokuphatha kwakhe, ukudluliselwa kweziboshwa kwenzeka kuphela ngesivinini esibucayi. Nakuba ezinyangeni ezisanda kwedlula, kube nokudluliswa okuphawulekayo okukhulu, njengoba sekusele isikhathi esingaphansi konyaka ehhovisi lika-Obama, ijubane lokudluliswa kwemali kufanele linyuke. Isenzo esibambekayo kule ngxenye yohlelo futhi bekulokhu kuyindlela ebaluleke kakhulu necacile yokuvala i-Guantánamo.
Phakathi kwalawo madoda asuliwe umongameli angakwazi futhi okufanele awadlulisele ngokushesha ahlanganisa namakhasimende e-CCR Ghaleb Al-Bihani, U-Mohammed Al-Hamiri, Mohammed Kamin, Zahir Hamdoun, Futhi Muhammadi Davliatov. Ukuze enze ngokwegunya lakhe, umongameli kufanele aphoqelele uNobhala Wezokuvikela ukuthi anqume mayelana nokudluliselwa okungenzeka phakathi kwezinsuku ezingama-30 befikile etafuleni lakhe, futhi aqinisekise ukuthi i-DOD iyayeka ukubukela phansi ukudluliselwa okuhlongozwayo ngokusebenzisa. ukungasebenzi kwe-bureaucratic noma ukuvuza okuyingozi kwabezindaba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umongameli kufanele acele ukuthi uMnyango Wezobulungiswa uqede ukuzivikela kwawo kuzo zonke izicelo zaseGuantánamo, ikakhulukazi lezo ezilethwe amadoda abaphathi asebevumile ukuwadlulisela ngenqubo yokugunyazwa. Ukwamukela ukukhishwa okuyalelwe yinkantolo okuvela ezicelweni ze-habeas ezilethwe ngamadoda amsulwa kuzokhulula lezo ziboshwa emikhawulweni yokudluliselwa kwamanye amazwe equkethwe ku-National Defence Authorization Act (NDAA) futhi akudingi isitifiketi sikaNobhala Wezokuvikela ngaphansi kwalezo zinhlinzeko zomthetho. Iklayenti le-CCR eligula kakhulu, Tariq Ba Odah, osulelwe ukuthi akhululwe kusukela ngo-2009 futhi ofuna ukukhululwa ngezizathu zomthetho wobuntu ngenxa yokuphikisa koMnyango Wezobulungiswa, uyisibonelo esisobala salapho i-DOJ kufanele ime khona futhi isheshise ukukhululwa kwesiboshwa esivunyelwe. Akukho nesisodwa salezi zinyathelo ezisobala esithathwayo; esikhundleni salokho umkhuba osekunesikhathi eside (okungaguquki kakhulu lolu hlelo) kube “ukuphela kwewashi,” lapho abaphathi bedlulisela amadoda ambalwa unyaka nonyaka ukuze anikeze ukubonakala okukha phezulu kokuthobela igunya likamongameli lokuvala - kuyilapho i-DOD iqhubeka nokuziphatha. sengathi ijele lizohlala livuliwe esikhathini esizayo.
Iningi lamadoda asuliwe selilinde ukudluliselwa iminyaka engaphezu kwemihlanu. Ngaphandle uma i-White House isheshisa ijubane lokudluliselwa ngokushesha, akubona bonke ababoshiwe abasuliwe abazokhululwa ngaphambi kokuphela kwalokhu kuphatha.1 Ngenxa yalokho, ngaphansi kwalolu Hlelo, ezinye iziboshwa ezikhishiwe kungase kudingeke zidluliselwe e-US ukuze ziphinde ziboshwe, mhlawumbe ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima, ezizomela ukwehluleka okuphathekayo koHlelo - kanye nefa lehlazo likaMongameli Obama.
2. Inqubo Ye-PRB Kufanele Iqiniswe Futhi Isheshiswe
Isikhungo Samalungelo Omthethosisekelo asikholelwa ukuthi kukhona ababoshiwe abangakwazi ukukhululwa ngokuphepha noma ukushushiswa ngendlela efanele. Futhi i-CCR ayikholelwa ukuthi umthetho uyakweseka ukuqhubeka nokuboshwa ngaphandle kwamacala kwabesilisa asebeboshiwe iminyaka engu-14. Kodwa-ke, okungenani, abaphathi kufanele bahambisane nenqubo yabo yokuphatha yokubuyekezwa ngezikhathi ezithile kwabesilisa abahlelelwe ukuqhubeka nokuboshwa ukuze kunqunywe ukuthi ubani phakathi kwaleli qembu okufanele avunyelwe ukudluliswa. Ngemva kweminyaka emine umongameli eyala ukuthi kuqale ukubuyekezwa kwe-PRB kwabesilisa abakulesi sigaba, inqwaba isalinde ukuthi kuqale ukubuyekezwa kwabo. Azikho izaba zokuhamba kancane kokulalelwa kwe-PRB. Ngokwezinga lamanje lokuqulwa kwamacala, amadoda amaningi kuleli qembu ngeke acutshungulwe amacala awo ngaphambi kokuphela kokuphatha kuka-Obama. Abaphathi badinga ukunikela ngezinsiza ezengeziwe ohlelweni lwe-PRB ngokushesha ukuze kusheshiswe ijubane nokuqinisa inqubo. Ukwengeza, ukuze le nqubo ibe nenjongo, iziboshwa ezigcine zikhishwe yi-PRB kufanele zidluliswe ngaphandle kokulibala.
3. Amakhomishana Amasosha Kufanele Ayekwe, Futhi Ababoshiwe Kufanele Badluliselwe E-US noma Iziphathimandla Zamazwe Angaphandle Ukuze Kuqulwe Icala Elilungile.
Njengodaba lwenqubomgomo, Isikhungo Samalungelo Omthethosisekelo asiphikisani nokudluliselwa kwamadoda e-US ukuze ashushiswe ezinkantolo zombuso. Amanye amadoda angaphinde adluliselwe ezindaweni zangaphandle ukuze ashushiswe ngaphansi kohlelo lokuphatha. Kungakhathalekile ukuthi iyini inkundla, amacala, ukuqulwa kwecala, kanye nemibandela yokuvalelwa kufanele kube nobulungiswa, obala, nobuntu.
Amakhomishana ezempi abonakale ehlulekile - kakhulu futhi ngokwenqubo - futhi kufanele ayekwe. Abaphathi kufanele bathembele ezinkantolo zikahulumeni ukuze zigwebe iziboshwa ezikholelwa ukuthi zenze ubugebengu kunokuba baqhubeke nohlelo oluhlukile, lwesigaba sesibili sobulungiswa oludalelwe ukufihla ubufakazi bokuhlukunyezwa. Ukuba nohlelo olusebenzayo lokuqulwa kwamacala kuzokwenza lezo ziboshwa ezimbalwa abaphathi banqume ukushushisa ukuze kuxoxiswane ngezivumelwano zokunxeshezelwa noma izivumelwano zokubambisana lapho bebezohlinzeka khona ngokuzithandela ngolwazi oluwusizo kwabomthetho nasezikhungweni zezobunhloli. I-CCR iyaqonda ukuthi idlanzana lababoshiwe lingacubungula lezo zivumelwano zokufaka izicelo, kunokuqhubeka nokubekezelela ukudangala okuvezwa ukuboshwa okungapheli noma inqubo yekhomishana yezempi enephutha ekhiqizwayo.
Kuphinde kugcizelele ukuthi ngaphandle kokuvinjelwa kokudluliselwa kweCongress ku-NDAA, izinkantolo zombuso zinegunya lokucacisa ukuthi iziboshwa ezingena ezivumelwaneni zokuvuma amacala enhlangano azikho ngaphansi kwalokho kuvinjelwa, noma, uma kunesidingo, ukushaya lokho. ukuvinjelwa njengokuphambene nomthethosisekelo njengoba kusebenza kulezo ziboshwa.
4. Ukudlulisela Ababoshiwe e-US Ukuze Baboshwe Okungapheli Akwamukelekile
Isikhungo Samalungelo Omthethosisekelo simelana ngokuqinile nokuqhubeka kombuso ka-Guantánamo wokuboshwa okungapheli, kungaba se-Guantánamo noma ejele lase-US. Nakuba sikhulumela amakhasimende ethu kuphela, sinokukhathazeka okwengeziwe okwengeziwe ngokudlulisela iziboshwa e-US ukuze ziboshwe.
Ukudlulisela iziboshwa e-US ukuze ziqhubeke ziboshwe ngaphandle kokukhokhiswa icala, ngemva kweminyaka engaphezu kweshumi yokungaqiniseki, usizi, nokuphelelwa ithemba e-Guantánamo, kwakungaphula ngokwengqondo amadoda athile futhi kumeme imiphumela ebikezelwayo, eyinhlekelele.
I-CCR ikhathazeke ngokukhethekile ngezimo zokuvalelwa, ezichazwa emithonjeni yezindaba “njengezingaphezu kwamandla amakhulu.” Izimo zejele eziphakeme kakhulu, ezihlanganisa ukuvalelwa wedwa isikhathi eside, zakha ukuhlukunyezwa, njengoba kuqashelwa ngokwandayo e-United States, futhi kuzophula Izivumelwano Ze-Geneva.
Sikhathazekile futhi ngokuthi noma isiphi isivumelwano esingase senziwa neCongress ukuze sivumele ukudluliselwa e-US sizofika ngezindleko eziphakeme, okuhlanganisa ukusungulwa kwesikhungo esihlala unomphela ukuze kuvalelwe unomphela iziboshwa zaseGuantánamo kuphela, kodwa nezithunjwa zesikhathi esizayo, okungenzeka futhi okuhambisana nesiphathimandla esisha sokuboshwa kanye nemizamo yokukhawulela amalungelo omthetho eziboshwa.
Lolu hlelo aluzixazululi lezi zinkinga, futhi umphakathi akufanele uvume ngaphandle kokuba lezi zinkinga ezibucayi zidingidwe.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa kuphela ngokuphana kwabafundi bayo.
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