Njengoba i-Keystone Pipeline ekhungethwe yizinkinga ichithe amalitha kawoyela angu-200,000 eduze nendawo egcinelwe i-Sisseton Dakota, ngoNovemba 20, Ikhomishana Yenkonzo Yomphakathi yase-Nebraska yakhipha imvume yemvume ehlanganisiwe, evumela i-TransCanada ukuthi ihambise ulayini engxenyeni yesifunda. Okwamanje, iDakota, Lakota kanye nabasekeli bayo bamile beqinile.
Ngalo lolo suku amakhulu abuthana eMhlanganweni Wokuvikela Okungcweleโokuwukuqinisekisa kabusha kwesivumelwano samazwe ngamazwe phakathi kwezizwe zomdabu ezizimele sokuvikela imvelo emisebenzini yetshe letiyela. ISivumelwano Sokuvikela Okungcwele, esasayinwa okokuqala ngo-2013, sasayinwa futhi. "Akukho okushintshile nakancane ekuvikeleni kwethu umhlaba, umoya namanzi e-Oceti Sakowin," kusho u-Faith Spotted Eagle etshela izihlwele. "Uma kukhona, sekugxile kakhulu, kunamandla futhi kuqinile ngemuva kwe-Standing Rock."
Umhlanganoโoxhaswe i-Braveheart Society of Women, Wiconi Un Tipi, Ihanktonwan Treaty Committee kanye ne-Dakota Rural Actionโuhlanganise ndawonye abavikeli bamanzi abangu-200. U-Oyate Win Brushbreaker, umdala oneminyaka engu-97 ubudala wakhumbuza ababekhona, โPhinda uqinisekise imingcele yaleso sivumelwano. Gcina le nyoka emnyama obukhuluma ngayo."
Itshe elingukhiye kanye nokuchitheka kwalo
Lena indaba nge-Wiindigoo EconomicsโCannibal noma i-Wasichu economics, uma uthandaโuhlelo lwezomnotho olucekela phansi umthombo wengcebo yawo, uMama woMhlaba.
Singasho ukuthi iqala e-United States, lapho kubusa umnotho wezinsalela ezimbiwa phansi, noma singasho ukuthi iqala eCanada, lapho amaphesenti angu-90 yenani ledola laseCanada, i-loonie, esekelwe esihlabathini setiyela. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi, umnotho ongahlukanisiwe uwumbono oyisiphukuphuku. Ngisho nangabo bonke ababambisene nenkampani kawoyela, iCanada inenkinga. I-Alberta iyisifundazwe esikhiyiwe futhi ayikho indlela enengqondo yokuthola wonke lawo mafutha emakethe. Izinto cishe ngeke zisebenzele izithakazelo ze-tar sands yaseCanada, ngoba ngaso sonke isikhathi zimiswa ukuphikiswa kwezakhamizi.
I-Keystone Pipeline, engasebenzi ngisho ngokugcwele, isibonise nje ukuthi ayikwazi ukusebenza ngokuphepha. Ukuchitheka kwaphakathi noNovemba eNingizimu Dakota kwakungafanele kwenzekeโfuthi ukuchitheka kukawoyela okuyisihlanu kokugcina. Phela, bayasitshela, ipayipi elisha sha kanye nepayipi le-TransCanada June 2006 ukuhlolwa kwengozi asitholanga sizathu se-alamu:
[T]Ulinganisele izikhawu zokuvela kokuchitheka kwemiphongolo engu-50 noma ngaphansi okwenzeka noma kuphi kuwo wonke amapayipi amapayipi kwenzeka kanye njalo eminyakeni engama-65. โฆ Ukusebenzisa lezi zibalo esigabeni esiyimayela elingu-1, amathuba okuchitheka okukhulu (okungaphezu kwemiphongolo engu-10,000) ayoba ngaphansi kokukodwa njalo eminyakeni engu-67,000.
Ukuze kucace, i-Keystone manje isibe nokuchitheka okungenani okuyishumi nambili. Balokhu behlehla kulayini. Enye intatheli icabange ukuthi lelipayipi lalidlula itshe lezinso. Ngo-2011 ukuhlaziywa, uprofesa wobunjiniyela waseNyuvesi yaseNebraska uJohn Stansbury ulinganisele ukuthi kuzoba nokuchitheka okukhulu okubili ngonyaka, okunye okungase kudedele imiphongolo engu-180,000.. (Ngikutshelile.)
Umuntu angase aphikise ngokuthi ukuchithwa kwamapayipi ngendlela evamile kanye nohlaka lokulawula olungenakwenzeka (ikakhulukazi eNebraska, eSouth Dakota naseMinnesota) kuyimbangela. Kodwa lokhu, eqinisweni, kuyinkambiso entsha. Ngo-2016, kube nezigameko ezibalulekile ezingama-220, noma ukuchitheka kwamapayipi e-United States, 3,032 kusukela ngo-2006-lezo zinikeza isikhumbuzo esiqinile sezingozi zemvelo zengqalasizinda yepayipi eliguga elithwala izinto zokubasa ezimbiwa phansi. Kodwa amapayipi amasha anokuvuza okuyinhlekelele nawo. Izindleko zalezi zingozi kusukela ngo-2006 ziyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-4.7 zamaRandi.
Mayelana nabaqaphi? Abahloli bokuvuza bambalwa futhi abaphakathi nendawo futhi banamandla okulawula angacacile. I-United States okwamanje ikwenzile 553 abahloli bamapayipi (208 federal kanye 345 state) futhi ngayinye inesibopho cishe 5,000 miles of line. Laba bahloli basebenzela iPipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA). Njengoba inani lamapayipi likhula, futhi iminyaka yawo ikhula, sidlala i-roulette yamapayipi ayingozi kakhulu.
I-Wiindigoo economics kanye noMni Wiconi
Ngenkathi uDonald Trump ematasa egunyaza la maphrojekthi, elinye iqiniso liyaqhubeka. Abavikeli Bamanzi baphonsela inselelo ukusebenza kwamapayipi, kanjalo nezomnotho zikawoyela.
Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ezedlule, kwakuhlelelwa amapayipi amakhulu amane ukukhipha isihlabathi setiyela saseCanada e-Alberta. Ngo-Okthoba 5, isikhathi eside kunazo zonke kulezi ziphakamiso-i-$ 15.7 billion ye-Energy East-yachithwa yiTransCanada. Izazi zezomnotho zikawoyela waseCanada zikhombe ekwehleni kwentengo kawoyela kanye nokwehla okuhambisanayo kokumbiwa kwe-tar-sands njengamandla aqhuba ukukhanselwa kwephrojekthi, kwengezwe ukubuyekezwa okuqinile kukaNdunankulu waseCanada u-Trudeau kwamaphrojekthi wamapayipi afaka phakathi ukukhishwa kwesisi esibamba ukushisa kanye nemithelela engaphansi komfula..
Omunye phansi, abathathu ukuya.
Nakuba i-TransCanada ithole imvume kule nyanga edlule yepayipi le-Keystone, ayikabi nawo umzila. I-Nebraska Public Service Commission ivotele 3-2 ukunikeza iphrojekthi ukuthi iqhubeke, kodwa yenqaba umzila owawukhethwa yinkampani. I-TransCanada manje kufanele ithumele isicelo somunye umzila noma ifake isikhalazo ngesinqumoโinqubo engathatha iminyaka emibili. Lokho kuyinhlekelele ngokwakho enkampanini yamapayipi. Into eyodwa futhi eqinisekile: noma yimuphi umzila omusha uzobhekana nokuphikiswa okusha.
I-Wiindigoo Economics iyamasha, kepha ukuhlukaniswa kwe-tar-sands kuyakhuphuka, izimoto zikagesi ziza ku-inthanethi ngisho ne-Fox News. kubika ngoJuni, โI-Keystone XL ibhekene nenselelo eyisisekelo. Abakhiqizi nabacwengisisi bakawoyela ipayipi okwakuhloselwe ukusebenza ngalo ekuqaleni abasenalo isithakazelo kulo.โ Ngamanye amazwi, inkampani ayinawo amakhasimende epayipi, futhi ipayipi elingenabo abathumeli mancane amathuba okuba lakhiwe.
Izinkampani ziyabheja, njengohulumeni waseCanada.
Maphakathi noNovemba, i-Minnesota Public Utilities Commission yabamba ukulalelwa kobufakazi ku-Enbridge Line 3 (ipayipi letiyela le-915,000-miphongolo ngosuku). Ngemva kwekamelo, isikhulu saseCanada sasihlezi ngokuthula ezilalelini, sikhathazekile futhi sibukele. Ekupheleni kosuku, waya komunye wabameli besizwe wabuza ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuthi izizwe zimangalele futhi zimise ipayipi. Kuvele ukuthi iTransCanada yayicele uhulumeni wase-Alberta ukuthi athenge indawo yokuthumela uwoyela ku-KXL Line ehlongozwayo ngoba babengekho abathumeli. Izeluleko ze-Wiindigoo Economics zase-Alberta zibonakala zivikela ukubheja kwazo.
Isikhathi esingaqinisekile.
"Ukube bengiseNingizimu Dakota..."
Ukube bengiseNingizimu Dakota, bengizokwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi lokhu kuchitheka okuyinhlekelele kuhlanzwe ngokuphelele ngaphambi kokuba noma yini enye iqhubeke, futhi mhlawumbe ngaphambi kokuthi iTransCanada yonakale. Ngempela, Ikhomishini Yezinsiza Zomphakathi YaseNingizimu Dakota yakhipha imvume ye-Keystone ngo-2007 enemibandela engu-57, kusukela kumazinga okwakha kuya ezidingweni zemvelo.
IKhomishani ingahoxisa noma iyimise leyo mvume uma inkampani kutholakala ukuthi yenze amaphutha esicelweni sayo noma ayihambisani nemibandela. โUma bekusebenza ngamabomu ngendlela engavumelekile ngaphansi kwemvume noma uma ukwakhiwa kwenziwa ngendlela engamukelekile lokho kufanele kubangele ukuthi kuvalwe ipayipi okungenani isikhathi esithile kuze kulungiswe lezo zinselelo,โ kusho. UGary Hanson, ukhomishana wePUC waseNingizimu Dakota.
Okwamanje, i-Dakota kanye nabasekeli bayo basazinikele ku-Mni Wiconiโamanzi ayimpilo.
"Izimpi ezizayo zizoba zintsha, zingafani nezakudala, futhi zizofuna wonke amandla ethu," kubhala umhleli weLakota uJudith LeBlanc. OurFuture.org. โUmkhuba wesintu uthi kumele uphendule ebunzimeni ngesibindi, ngokuzithoba, ngozwelo nangokuthanda umphakathi njengoba sihlala sinjalo. Inhlangano ye-NO KXL yakhiwa kusukela ekuqaleni okungokomoya okusekelwe ezindabeni zendabuko zesiLakota, isiko laseDakota kanye nemvelaphi, ezindaweni eziphansi kanye namalungelo esivumelwano sobukhosi. โฆ Abomdabu banelungelo elingokomthetho, lokuziphatha, elingokomoya nelemvelo lokuba abanakekeli balo mhlaba.โ
Embuthanweni Wokuvikela Okungcwele, i-Arvol Looking Horse itshela isixuku, โSike saba lapha ngaphambilini. Isikhathi nesikhathi siye sabhekana nalokhu kuhlasela ezinkanjini zethu nasemiphakathini yethu. Kodwa sihlala sinqoba.โ
UJulian Brave Noisecat wayelapho naye: โNgemva kokusayinwa kweSivumelwano Sokuvikela Okungcwele, sahlangana ukuze sidanse ngokunqoba. Njengoba abashayi besigubhu beshaya izigqi zokuhlonishwa, siphakamisa izandla ezinendelelo. Abesifazane babamba izikhafu ezibomvu ezifanekisela izinzipho kanye nophawu lokunqoba abantu bakithi neplanethi abayidinga kakhulu njengamanje.โ
Indlela eya phambili ye-Keystone XL isalokhu igcwele ubungozi. Abanikazi bomhlaba, izizwe kanye nabamelene nepayipi banesikhathi sokuhlela isikhalazo, futhi abantu abangaphezu kuka-5,000 babhalisele ukujoyina abantu bomdabu ezenzweni zokungalaleli umphakathi lapho futhi uma kuqala ukwakhiwa.
Le Nyoka Emnyama ibhekene nezimbangi ezinamandla kakhulu, ezizimisele.
UWinona LaDuke ungumqondisi ongumsunguli we-White Earth Recovery Land Project kanye nombhali, muva nje, we I-Military of Country Country.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa kuphela ngokuphana kwabafundi bayo.
Nikela