U-Aileen Mioko Smith we-Green Action Kyoto ukhuluma no-Mark Selden eNew York mayelana nentuthuko yakamuva e-Fukushima kanye nohambo lwase-US lwezishoshovu ezimelene ne-nuclear ezivela e-Fukushima nakwezinye izingxenye ze-Japan.
โU-75% wezingane zaseFukushima ezingu-300,000 ezifunda ezikoleni ezingcoliswe kakhulu zingaba izindawo zokulawula imisebe ezikhungweni zenuzi lapho abantu abaneminyaka engaphansi kwe-18 bengavunyelwe ngokomthetho. Uhulumeni waseJapane ngeke ubakhiphe abantu ngaphandle uma amazinga emisebe ephindaphindeka kane kunalokho okwabangela ukuba abantu baphume eChernobyl,โ kuphawula u-Aileen Mioko Smith.
Ukuwohloka kwamandla enuzi eFukushima ngoMashi 11 kwavula indlela yenkulumompikiswano efinyelela kude eJapan, e-US nasemhlabeni jikelele engaholela ekucabangeni kabusha ngezingozi zemisebe, ukusebenza kwamandla enuzi, ngisho nasekuqedweni kwayo kwamanye amazwe. .
Ngenkathi uNobhala-Jikelele we-UN u-Ban Ki-moon ememezela ukuthi i-UN izobiza umhlangano osezingeni eliphezulu mayelana namandla enuzi nokuvikeleka, u-Aileen Mioko Smith wayehlangana eHokkaido no-Izumi Kaori we-Stop Tomari, iqembu lezakhamizi elikhankasela ukuvimbela ukuvulwa kabusha kwengozi eyingozi. isikhungo samandla enuzi. Banquma ngaleso sikhathi:
โKufanele siye eWashington naseNew York ukuyotshela umhlaba ngosongo oluphuthumayo lokungcoliswa kwezikhali zenuzi oludalwe ukuwohloka kwesizinda samandla enuzi saseFukushima, ingozi ekhethekile ezinganeni, amanga ashiwo yimboni yamandla enuzi kanye nohulumeni waseJapane. , kanye nesidingo esiphuthumayo sokuvala izindawo zokuphehla amandla enuzi eziyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni.โ
Kanye nabalimi abasakhula u-Sato Sachiko waseFukushima kanye nezingane zakhe ezimbili, u-Anzai Sachiko, umlimi wezinto eziphilayo eduze kwaseTomari, kanye noKevin Kamps, uchwepheshe wemfucuza ekhipha imisebe Ngale Kwenuzi abavakashele eFukushima, baphathe umlayezo ophuthumayo wokuthi izitshalo zamandla enuzi kumele zivalwe ngenxa yezinhlekelele ezivela eThree Mile Island, Chernobyl naseFukushima. Futhi ukuthi inhlekelele yaseFukushima iveza ithuba elimangalisayo lokumisa amandla enuzi hhayi eJalimane nase-Italy kuphela lapho ohulumeni bethathe isinyathelo ngokushesha, kodwa eJapane, e-United States nakwezinye izindawo.
Lapho befika eWashington emgubhweni wezinyanga eziyisithupha wokuqubuka kwe-Fukushima Daiichi ngoMashi 11, bakhulume neNational Press Club, i-US Nuclear Regulatory Commission, kanye ne-United Nations Human Rights Commission, kanye nokubamba iqhaza esenzweni e-Indian Point Nuclear. I-Power Plant eqhele ngamamayela angu-38 enyakatho ye-New York City. Imiyalezo yabo emaphakathi eya kubantu baseMelika nakubantu baseJapan:
โข Londoloza izingane zaseFukushima naseNyakatho-mpumalanga Japan
โข Qeda amandla enuzi yonke indawo ukudweba izifundo ze-Three Mile Island, eChernobyl naseFukushima
โข Indawo yokukhosela ababaleki baseFukushima: usizo kokubili eJapane nakwamanye amazwe.
โข I-UN iyeke ukukhuthaza amandla enuzi.
Njengoba kunikezwe ukukhathazeka kweMelika kanye nomhlaba wonke mayelana nenhlekelele yaseFukushima kanye nekusasa lamandla enuzi, bakwazile ukunakwa eWashington. Imithombo yezindaba esukela ku-CNN kanye ne-NHK kanye ne-Kyodo News yase-Japan yahambisa imilayezo abayiletha kuqala ku-National Press Club futhi kamuva kuKhomishana Yokulawula Izikhali Zenuzi lapho baphinde bathola khona ukwaziswa ngokuphepha kwenuzi. Lokhu kwakamuva bekubaluleke kakhulu njengoba i-NRC ibicele zonke izakhamizi zaseMelika ezihlala endaweni engamakhilomitha angama-50 ukusuka endaweni yamandla enyukliya iFukushima Daiichi ukuthi zihambe. Uhulumeni waseJapan okhathazekile ngezindleko zokufuduka kwedolobha laseFukushima wanciphisa ukuphuma kwawo kumakhilomitha angama-80 ngokungeziwe kuphela.
ukukhishwa kwezindawo ezinomthamo olindelekile wonyaka wemisebe engu-20 millisievert noma ngaphezulu, okuhlanganisa nezindawo ezishisayo ezingaphandle kwalowo mkhawulo . E-Chernobyl, izakhamuzi ezihlala ezindaweni ezingcoliswe phakathi kuka-1 no-5 mSv/ngonyaka zithole usizo lukahulumeni uma zifisa ukuphinde zihlale.
Impela isimo sengqondo esiqinile sikahulumeni waseJapan, ngaphezu kwaso sonke isinqumo sakhe sokubeka engcupheni impilo yezingane nezingane ngokunciphisa ukuphuma endaweni engamakhilomitha angama-20, siholele ekutheni abakhankasi bafune ukufunda kubantu baseFukushima, hhayi uhulumeni waseJapan. Futhi okuhambisana nakho, okuvezwe ngokucacile umlimi wezinto eziphilayo uSato Sachiko: โisifundo ukuthi uma sekwenzekile, kukhulu kakhulu ukuthi noma ubani abhekane nakho. Okuwukuphela kwekhambi ukuvimbela ukuthi kungenzeki ngokuvala izikhungo zokuphehla amandla enuzi.โ Ngo-August, i-Fukushima Network for Saving Children from Radiation, Green Action kanye namanye ama-NGO amane aseJapane ahambisa umbiko eHhovisi le-UN likaKhomishana Omkhulu Wamalungelo Abantu ochaza ukwephulwa kukahulumeni waseJapane kwamalungelo abantu bakwaFukushima futhi enxusa i-UN ukuba ize. ukuya eJapan ukuyophenya ngalesi simo.
EDolobheni laseNew York bayisa isigijimi sabo eNhlanganweni Yezizwe futhi benza imibukiso eDag Hammerskjold Plaza. Njengoba uNdunankulu waseJapan uNoda Yoshihiko ephuma enkulumweni yakhe emayelana nokuphepha nokuphepha kwezikhali zenuzi, lapho ebeke khona ithemba lakhe lokuthi iJapan izoqeda ukuvalwa okubandayo kwazo zonke iziphehlisi eziqhubeka nokukhafula imisebe emoyeni naselwandle, uSato Sachiko, obekhuluma embuthanweni. ngaphandle kwamemeza: โPhephisa izingane! Akumele uqambe amanga emhlabeni ngokuthi izinto ziba ngcono. Ungakhuluma kanjani ngamandla enuzi aphephile kuyilapho uhulumeni waseJapane engakwazi ngisho nokuvikela izingane zaseFukushima!โ
Isitobhi esilandelayo saleli qembu kwaba yi-Indian Point Nuclear Power Plant eqhele ngamamayela angu-36 ukusuka eNew York City. โNgesikhathi sihlangana nezikhulu zaseMelika,โ kuphawula uNksz Sato, โzathi zizofunda ezifundweni zaseFukushima. Bakhulume ngokuthatha izinyathelo ezidingekayo ukuya kumamayela angama-50 uma kwenzeka inhlekelele. Kodwa manje njengoba ngilapha, ngiyabona ukuthi alukho uhlelo lokuphuma olungase lube khona kubantu abayizigidi ezingu-20 phakathi kwamamayela angu-50 ukusuka embonini yase-Indian Point.
Njengoba izithunywa zaseJapane zabonisa, udaba oluphuthuma kakhulu luthinta izingane ezingu-300,000 zaseFukushima, ngaphezu kwazo zonke ezihlala ezindaweni ezishisayo e-Fukushima nangale kwayo. Umnyombo walolu daba yinqubomgomo kahulumeni waseJapan yokususa abantu. Ngemva kokuwa, i-Japan yasungula indawo yokuphuma engamakhilomitha angamashumi amabili kulesi sikhungo, yakhipha cishe abantu abangu-36,000 esibalweni sabantu baseFukushima esingaphezudlwana nje kwezigidi ezimbili. Kuhlanganisa nalabo abaphuma endaweni yesifunda kodwa ngaphandle kwendawo engamakhilomitha angamashumi amabili, inani lisengaphezudlwana kwamaphesenti ayishumi kwabangu-2 kanye nabaphuma eChernobyl ngemva kwenhlekelele yango-400,000 eyashintsha amadolobhana ayizi-1986 amadolobha ayisipoki. [Bheka Fujioka Atsushi, Ukuqonda Inhlekelele Yenuzi Eqhubekayo eFukushima: โUdrako Onamakhanda Amabiliโ Wehlela Emhlabeni Wezinto Eziphilayo.]
Ukuze kuncishiswe inani labantu abaphumayo, uhulumeni wase-Japan ukhuphule ngokunganaki izinga elivumelekile lokuchayeka emisebeni yaminyaka yonke ukusuka ku-millisievert eyodwa ukuya ku-20 mSv, okuyisibalo esisetshenziswa hhayi kubantu abadala kuphela kodwa nasezinsaneni nakwabesifazane abakhulelwe, labo abasengcupheni yokuhlaselwa yimisebe. Ngokuphambene, kulandela iChernobyl, izifundazwe zaseRussia naseBelorussia zakhipha wonke umuntu ezindaweni ezinama-mSv amahlanu. Ingxenye yesine yekhulu kamuva, izindawo ezisusiwe zihlala zingahlali muntu, ithemba elingase libhekane neFukushima uma ukuqagela kwakamuva okusemthethweni kufakazela ukuthi kunembile.
Ingabe izinga lemisebe liphezulu kangakanani amashumi amabili mSv/ngonyaka? Uhulumeni wase-Japan unxephezele ngokusemthethweni abasebenzi basezimbonini zamandla enuzi base-Japan abangenwe umdlavuza kusukela kokuchayeka kancane okungu-5.2mSv nangaphezulu. Manje izinga eliphezulu kakhulu lokuphepha okufanele lisetshenziswe (20 mSv) selizosetshenziswa ezakhamuzini, okuhlanganisa nezinsana nezingane e-Japan. Ngempela, uMnyango Wezemfundo WaseJapan (MEXT), ukhetha isu lokuqinisekisa ngaphezu kweyokuvikela, ukhiqize umhlahlandlela wothisha nabazali eFukushima owathi imithamo yemisebe โebuthakaโ efana no-250 mSv eminyakeni eminingana ngeke ibe nayo. imiphumela yezempilo, kanye nengozi yomdlavuza eyandayo ayizange ibonwe ngemithamo ekhulayo engaphansi kwe-100 mSv. [Ithi Peace Project, "Ukuvikela Izingane Ekulweni Nemisebe: Izakhamizi ZaseJapan Zizithathela Ukuvikelwa Kwemisebe Ezandleni Zazo.
Ingxoxo eningi ngengozi yokukhishwa kwemisebe igxile kumdlavuza. Lokho kuwukukhathazeka okubalulekile ngempela. Kodwa imiphumela yomdlavuza idlalwa emashumini eminyaka amaningi futhi kuvame ukuba nzima ukukhomba imbangela. Ibe yini imiphumela yezempilo yesikhashana ye-Fukushima Daiichi?
"Ngohulumeni waseJapan uwonke, kanye nesikhungo sezokwelapha saseFukushima ikakhulukazi esinganikezeli imininingwane yezempilo yezibalo egcwele, empeleni, sigcizelela ukuthi azikho izinto ezikhathazayo ngezempilo, okwamanje kuyadingeka ukuncika ebufakazini obunikezwa izakhamizi zaseFukushima," kuchaza uSmith. โLokhu kuhlanganisa izibonelo eziningi ezinikezwe abazali abaphonsele inselelo iziphathimandla ze-MEXT neFukushima befuna kukhishwe izingane. Ngokwesibonelo, kuye kwaba nemibiko eminingi yokopha okukhulu emakhaleni kanye nesifo sohudo esingenakunqandeka . . . futhi hhayi nje ezinganeni. Kubuye kube nezibonelo eziningi zezimpawu zezifo zesikhumba ezishisayo kanye nesifuba somoya esiba sibi kakhulu ngemva kwengozi.โ
Siyazi, ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthi imiphumela esheshayo yenhlekelele yaseChernobyl yayihlanganisa amazinga aphakeme ezifo eziningi ezihlanganisa nesifo senhliziyo kanye nokujwayelekile kokuzalwa kanye nokubeletha. [Bheka isingeniso ku Chris Busby, โIzingane zaseFukushima Ezisengozini Yesifo Senhliziyo.โ]
Ngenkathi abantu base-Fukushima naseNyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Japan bebhekene nezinkinga ezinkulu zempilo, ukuphuma kwabantu, kanye nenhlekelele yezomnotho yesikhathi eside, amathuba okuba noshintsho oluhle ngemva kwezinhlekelele eziningi futhi ikakhulukazi ukwehla kwe-Fukushima manje sekukhona. Namuhla zingu-11 kuphela izimboni zamandla enuzi zase-Japan ezisebenzayo kanti lezo ezivaliwe zidinga ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi ngaphambi kokuthi zivulwe kabusha. [Qaphela: Ngemva kwenhlolokhono, esinye isikhungo savalwa kusalindwe ukuhlolwa. Lokhu okwamanje kushiya eziyishumi kuphela ezisebenzayo.] Kusukela ngo-March 10 esinye nje sezitshalo ezivaliwe, isitshalo esiyingozi e-Tomari eHokkaido siphinde savulwa, futhi siyisihloko somkhankaso osebenzayo wokuStop Tomari.
Okubaluleke kakhulu, yonke inkhulumomphendvulwano yomphakathi isiguqukile ngokugxeka okukhulayo kwamandla enuzi kanye nokwesekwa kokuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kwamandla avuselelekayo ngemva kokuphasiswa komthetho wamandla avuselelekayo osungula uhlelo lwe-Feed-in Tariff oludinga izinkampani zikagesi ukuthi zithenge amandla akhiqizwa endaweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inhloko-dolobha yaseJapane, eholwa usomabhizinisi u-Son Masayoshi, ivuse amandla amandla avuselelekayo njengomngcele omkhulu olandelayo wemboni yaseJapane. Okokugcina, iqiniso lokuthi i-Japan yaphumelela ukonga amandla ukuze kugwenywe ukushoda kukagesi okukhulu njengoba iningi lezikhungo zayo zenuzi livaliwe lenza kucace ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukwedlula amandla enuzi kumandla avuselelekayo esikhathini esizayo.
U-Aileen Mioko Smith, uMqondisi Omkhulu, i-Green Action ezinze e-Kyoto, ubesebenzela ukuqeda amandla enuzi ase-Japan kusukela ngo-1983.lesi isixhumanisi ukuze uthole izibuyekezo mayelana nokuzamazama komhlaba kwe-Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant kanye nenhlekelele ye-tsunami. Le nhlolokhono yenziwa eNew York City ngoSepthemba 24, 2011. USmith ungumbhali kanye noW. Eugene Smith we Minamata: Amagama Nezithombe.
UMark Selden ungumxhumanisi we-Asia-Pacific Journal.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa kuphela ngokuphana kwabafundi bayo.
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