Izimashi zasemgwaqweni eBrazil, ekuqaleni ezazingezona ezombusazwe, seziqalile ukuvela ezinhlotsheni zeqembu lezepolitiki nezenhlalo ezishiyayo, manje ezizama ukuhlela umnyakazo oqhamuke ezinkundleni zokuxhumana.
U-Augusto de Franco, umsunguli we-Escola de Redes, iqembu labacwaningi elizinikele ekwenzeni i-netweaving, uthe inhlangano eyaqala emadolobheni amakhulu anjengeSão Paulo neRio de Janeiro yayiqhutshwa “njengoquqaba lwezinyosi, ukubonakaliswa kokusebenzelana okungenzeka kuphela imiphakathi exhumene kakhulu,” njengalokho okwenzeka eMadrid nakwamanye amadolobha aseSpain, noma eTahrir Square eGibhithe.
Imibhikisho idalwe yinkinga eyodwa, ukukhuphuka kwemali yokugibela izithuthi zomphakathi. Kodwa isikhule yaba imibhikisho emikhulukazi kuleli kusukela ngo-1992, lapho imibhikisho yaholela ekusuleni esikhundleni kwalowo owayengumengameli uFernando Collor de Melo.
Kulokhu imibhikisho iqale ngentsha engu-5,000 1.5 yanda yafinyelela ku-10 million ngezinsuku eziyishumi. Futhi ziyintsha ngokwemvelo, ngokusho kukaFranco.
“Babengahlelekile, bengenabo ubuholi obusemthethweni (yize kwavela abaholi abambalwa besikhashana). Bekungezona izixuku ebezibizwe izinhlangano ezigxile kuhulumeni, kodwa izinkumbi zabantu ezakha imilaza,” etshela i-IPS.
Iswebezane, elingenayo inyosi yendlovukazi, manje seliphakathi “komdonsiswano wemibono,” ngokusho kukaJoão Pedro Stédile, umholi weLandless Rural Workers’ Movement (I-MST – Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra) manje osejoyine imibhikisho.
“Njengoba intsha ingenayo inhlangano enkulu, izigaba zomphakathi seziqale inkulumo-mpikiswano ngemibono. Baphikisana nemibono yabantu abasha ukuze babe nomthelela kubo,” kusho uStédile engxoxweni ne-IPS.
“Ngakolunye uhlangothi onxiwankulu abasebenzisa iGlobo (umsakazi omkhulu waseBrazil) neminye imithombo yezindaba ukuze babeke izimfuno zamalungelo emilonyeni yentsha nasezingqwembeni zabo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi ngakwesobunxele nabasebenzi, abazama ukungena emigwaqweni ukuze baphushe izinhloso zabo,” usho kanje.
Ngokubona kukaStédile, imibhikisho yaqubuka ngenxa yenkinga yasemadolobheni ebangelwa isigaba samanje “sobunxiwankulu bezezimali.”
Ubale izici ezinjengokuqagela ngezakhiwo, okunyuse amanani entela kanye nezindlu ezithengiswayo ngamaphesenti angu-150 kule minyaka emithathu edlule, kanye nokukhuthazwa kokuthengiswa kwezimoto, okuholele esiminyaminya “esiphithiphithini,” ngaphandle kokutshalwa kwezimali okufanayo okusebenzayo kwezokuthutha zomphakathi.
“Intsha ayihambisani nepolitiki. Benza ipolitiki ngendlela engcono kakhulu, emigwaqweni. Kodwa abahlangene namaqembu ezepolitiki. Abayichithi imibono yamaqembu, kodwa izindlela zabo,” kusho uStédile.
Isazi sezokuhlalisana kwabantu u-Emir Sader sanikeza ezinye izincazelo, njengemibono evumelana nemibono yabantu, ukuvukela “nokungahloniphi okunempilo igunya” esathi kwakuyizimpawu zentsha.
Ngaleso sikhathi umbhikishi wentsha uRafael Farías utshele abantu abasha be-IPS ukuthi “banemfudumalo nengqondo, futhi bayaluzwa ubizo.”
“Sibasha futhi sifuna ukuqashelwa,” kusho uFarías. Futhi amazwi abo ezwakale esigungwini esiphezulu, amagatsha ezomthetho kanye namajaji, asevele eqhamuke nezixazululo zesikhashana, njengokwehliswa kwemali yokugibela, ukwakha izindlela zokulwa nenkohlakalo, ukunikela ngezinsiza eziningi kwezempilo nezemfundo kanye nezinkulumo-mpikiswano mayelana- uguquko lwezepolitiki luhlehlisiwe.
Kodwa amazwi abantu abasha nawo afinyelele ezindlebeni zezinhlangano zezenhlalakahle kanye nochungechunge olubanzi lwamaqembu asele, kuhlanganise ne-Governing Workers’ Party (PT) kaMongameli u-Dilma Rousseff. Omunye umholi we-PT, owayengumongameli uLuiz Inácio Lula da Silva (2003-2011), ngokwakhe wayinxusa ukuthi ijoyine imibhikisho.
NgokukaLula, ilungelo kumele livinjwe “ekusebenziseni” umnyakazo kanye “nokusunduza” uhulumeni kwesokunxele ukuze “sijulise izinguquko.”
UStédile uthe “Akukhona ngokufaka iziqubulo emilonyeni yabantu abasha. Banezabo, futhi iqiniso elilula lokungena emigwaqweni babonise intukuthelo yabo liwumnikelo wezombangazwe kuwo wonke umphakathi.”
“Inkinga iwukuhlanganisa isigaba sabasebenzi, ngoba uma siqhubeka singakwazi ukufeza izinguquko zesakhiwo futhi siteleke ngokufuna imali kanye nabezindaba,” usho kanje.
Lelisu selivele liyikhombisile imiphumela emibukisweni yakamuva, enezidingo nabahlanganyeli abahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa nezinyunyana zabasebenzi kanye nezinhlangano ezilwela amalungelo abesifazane, izitabane, abalimi kanye nabantu bomdabu.
"Sizama ukuhlanganisa isigaba sabasebenzi futhi sihlanganise nezindaba ezinentshisekelo kubasebenzi nabo bonke abantu baseBrazil," kusho umholi we-MST.
Ngaphezu kokwenyuswa kwemali yomphakathi ekunakekelweni kwezempilo nezemfundo, bafuna isonto lomsebenzi lamahora angama-40 kanye nezintela ezinzima kakhulu kwabacebile kanye nomthwalo wentela omncane kwabampofu, kanye nokuthi imikhankaso yokhetho ixhaswe ngokugcwele ngezimali zomphakathi.
Futhi izimfuno zemvelo yasemadolobheni kancane ziyaphakanyiswa, njengokusheshisa ukuklanywa kwezindawo zabomdabu kanye nokuguqulwa komhlaba.
Izinhlangano zomphakathi zinezinkinga ezihlukene ku-ajenda yazo, njengokumiswa kwemvume yezimayini kanye nezindali zamabhulokhi kawoyela.
“Ngokubona kwami, ukuvukela umbuso kunesisekelo senhlalo nezomnotho,” kusho uStédile. “Esikhundleni sokunikeza intsha isiqondiso sezombusazwe, kubalulekile ukuthi kufakwe isigaba sabasebenzi, ngamanye amazwi, ukuze kukhishwe abantu abampofu nabasebenzi emigwaqweni. Yileyo nselelo.”
Le mikhakha kumele ibuyise indawo yokumela emigwaqweni eyalahleka eminyakeni eyishumi edlule kuhulumeni yiqembu eliholwa umholi wezinyunyana ezifana noLula, onomlando wakhe omude nodumo oluphezulu, abahlonze kuye kodwa abasuka kuye kancane kancane. kude.
"Abenxele bebonke baba nomthetho ezindleleni zabo, yize amaqembu entsha eshiya emadolobheni amaningi abenethonya elikhulu futhi abenomthwalo wokuhlela imibhikisho," kusho uStédile.
USader, isishoshovu se-PT, uthe "abanxele kufanele balwele ubuholi kanye nesiqondiso sale nhlangano ngendlela ethandwa ngokusobala nentando yeningi."
Leli yisu elaziwayo emlandweni waseLatin America, abanye abahlaziyi abangabazayo ukuthi liyasebenza, kuyilapho abanye belisekela.
“Le nhlangano inohlelo oluya ngobuningi. Abantu bakhala ngokuthi ‘sekwanele!’ Nakuba amaqembu athile ezombusazwe ezama ukusizakala ngale nhlangano, umphumela wawo awukabonakali,” kusho isazi-mlando uMarcelo Carreiro etshela i-IPS.
Ngasohlangothini lwakhe, isazi sezomnotho u-Adhemar Mineiro uthe: “Uhulumeni uzokwenza kahle uma eshiya amathrekhi abuyele kuwo nenkulumo endala yokulungiswa nokuncintisana, futhi akhulume noquqaba emigwaqweni ukuze kuxoxwe ngemodeli entsha yentuthuko.”
Amandla ezinyunyana zabasebenzi kanye nezinhlangano zezenhlalakahle yokubiza abantu emigwaqweni azobonakala ngoJulayi 11, lapho sebebize usuku lukazwelonke lwemibhikisho neziteleka.
"Siyazi ukuthi abezindaba kanye nezinhlaka ezilandela imithetho nemithetho eqinile zizama ukuba nomthelela ekugqugquzeleni ngezinhloso eziphikisana nezintshisakalo zeningi labantu baseBrazil," kusho inyunyana emaphakathi ye-Única dos Trabalhadores (CUT), enye yabasebenzi. izinhlangano ezingama-77 ngemuva kwesiteleka sikaJulayi 11.
Kungakho "ukubamba iqhaza okuhleliwe kwesigaba sabasebenzi kubaluleke kakhulu kulesi simo esisha, ukuze kuqinisekiswe umphumela omuhle walesi simo," kusho yena.
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