Umthombo: The Intercept
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Njengoba umlilo wequbula ubhubhisa izigidi zamahektha eCalifornia, Oregon, naseWashington, nokungakaze kube khona uchungechunge lweziphepho kubangele izikhukhula ezinomlando eNingizimu, ezishiya izingxenye zesifunda okungahlali muntu, abaphathi bakaTrump bebegijimela ukubuyisela emuva imithetho eklanyelwe ukuvimbela lezi zinhlobo zezinhlekelele zesimo sezulu.
Kuso sonke isikhathi sobumongameli bakhe, uDonald Trump ubengamele ukubuyiselwa emuva kwemithetho nemithethonqubo yezemvelo ukwedlula noma yimuphi omunye umongameli. Umphumela ube ukuthi, noma uguquko lwesimo sezulu lusendleleni ezophoqa maduze izigidi zabantu baseMelika zisuka ezindlini zazo bese ekugcineni zishise umhlaba ube amazinga okushisa angabonwa Iminyaka eyizigidi ezingama-34, umholi wezwe elithwalayo umthwalo owengeziwe ngoba ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kunanoma yikuphi okunye kuye kwaphindeka kabili ekuncipheni kwemizamo okuhloswe ngayo ukulwa nokungcola kanye nenkinga yesimo sezulu.
"Ukuphatha kukaTrump kungokokuqala emlandweni we-ejensi ukuzinikela ngokungaphezi ohlelweni lokuhlehlisa ngaphandle kokuzenzisa ukunciphisa ngokunenzuzo ukungcoliswa kwemvelo," kusho uJohn Walke, ummeli kanye nomeluleki omkhulu we-NRDC Action Fund.
Eqala ngokukhetha kwakhe Scott Pruitt, ophika isimo sezulu okuvuka kwakhe ngepolitiki yase-Oklahoma kwagqugquzelwa imboni kawoyela negesi, ukuhola i-Environmental Protection Agency, uTrump ukhombise ukungasinaki isimo sezulu nempilo yomphakathi kuso sonke isikhathi sakhe ehhovisi. Ngenkathi uTrump ebize ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu ngokuthi "Inkohliso yamaShayinaโ kanye โnenkohliso,โ izinhlangano zikahulumeni ezingaphansi kwakhe zithathe izinyathelo ezingenakubalwa - kusukela ku- ukususwa kolwazi mayelana nokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu kusizindalwazi se-EPA esinqumweni sokuhoxa esivumelwaneni sesimo sezulu saseParis; i ukulungiswa kabusha kwamamodeli esetshenziswa yi-US Geological Survey; kanye ne ukukhansela yohlelo lwe-NASA lokuqapha ikhabhoni - olubuyisela emuva imizamo yokubhekana nenkinga yesimo sezulu, futhi ekugcineni ibeke engcupheni imvelo.
Ezinyangeni ezedlule, ijubane lalokhu kuhlasela liye lashesha. Imizamo ephithizelayo yezinhlangano zikahulumeni ezinyangeni zokugcina ngaphambi kokhetho lukamongameli ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi โumthetho waphakathi kwamabili.โ Kepha umsebenzi abaphathi bakaTrump abasanda kushesha ukuwuqeda uzochazwa ngokunembe kakhudlwana ngokuthi โukwehliswa komthetho phakathi kwamabili.โ
Ukuvikela Kuchithiwe
Lapho nje engena esikhundleni, uTrump waqala ezemvelo ukuguqulwa okungenzeka kube yifa elihlala njalo lokuphatha kwakhe. NgoNdasa wezi-2017, i-Environmental Protection Agency yasayina ukuthi ngeke iqedele ukuvinjelwa okuhleliwe kwe- i-neurotoxic yezinambuzane ebizwa ngokuthi i-chlorpyrifos. Isinqumo saphuma ngemuva ukubonisana eduze namaqembu ezimboni nangemva kweDow Chemical Company, eyenza isibulala-zinambuzane, wanikela ngezigidi ezingu-1 zamaRandi ekomitini lokusungula likaTrump. I-Trump EPA selokhu yaphothula inqwaba yokuhlehliswa kwemvelo, okuhlanganisa ukuqeda uMthetho Wamanzi Ahlanzekile; imikhawulo ebuthakathaka ezikhungweni ezikhipha ukungcoliswa komoya okunobuthi; ukukhipha umthetho owawudinga ukuthi izinkampani zezimayini zibeke eceleni imali yokukhokhela izindleko zokuhlanza ukungcola; ukubhala kabusha i Umthetho Wenqubomgomo Kazwelonke Yezemvelo ukuze kungasadingi ukuthi uhulumeni acabangele imithelela enqwabelene kwezemvelo yamaphrojekthi amakhulu wenhlangano emiphakathini; kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuthi imboni yamalahle manje iyakwazi lahla imfucuza yezimayini emifudlaneni.
Phakathi kwezenzo eziphothulwe muva nje ezizoba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu futhi ehlala isikhathi eside isimo sezulu ukuhoxiswa kwemingcele yokukhishwa kwe-methane ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa nokucubungula uwoyela negesi. I-Methane iwukungcola kwesimo sezulu esivalela ukushisa okuphindwe izikhathi ezingama-80 kune-carbon dioxide esikhathini esiyiminyaka engama-20, futhi i-US isivele iyakhulula. kakhulu kakhulu kwayo. Ukubuyiselwa emuva kwemithetho ye-methane, okwaphothulwa ngo August - futhi ephikisanayo yizinkampani eziningi zikawoyela ezinkulu ezizothinteka - zenzelwe ngokukhethekile ukungazinaki ukucatshangelwa kwesimo sezulu futhi kulindeleke ukuthi zikhulise inani lesisi esibamba ukushisa esikhishwa minyaka yonke ngamathani angu-4.5 wezigidi ze-metric. Ukungcoliswa okungeziwe okukhishiwe kuzoba nomthelela ofanayo nezimboni zikagesi eziphehlwa ngamalahle eziyi-100 unyaka ngamunye, ngokusho kweSikhwama Sokuvikela Imvelo, esimangalela abaphathi ngalo mthetho.
I-EPA iyancipha izindinganiso zokonga uphethiloli ezimotweni namaloli amancane, aqedwa ngoMashi ngenkathi abantu abaningi begxile kubhubhane lwe-coronavirus, azosheshisa nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu futhi aholele ezenzakalweni zesimo sezulu eziyingozi kakhulu kanye nemililo yequbula. Lolu shintsho, olunciphisa ukusebenza kahle kukaphethiloli kulezi zimoto ngamaphesenti angama-27, kulindeleke ukuthi lubangele okungenani amathani ayizigidi ezingama-867 wemethrikhi eyengeziwe yokungcoliswa kwekhabhoni dioxide, okulingana nokuphuma minyaka yonke kwezimboni zamalahle ezingama-216.
I-EPA iphinde yahoxisa umgomo wayo wokuthi amabhizinisi ahlole ukuvuza kwamafriji nama-air conditioner. I ukubuyekezwa kwemithethonqubo, eyaphothulwa ngoFebhuwari, ithinta ukukhululwa kwe ama-hydrofluorocarbons, amakhemikhali angabangela ukushisa okuphindwe izikhathi ezingamakhulu kune-carbon dioxide futhi avame ukuvuza emshinini wokupholisa. Ngokwesayensi yale nhlangano uqobo, lo mthetho omusha uzophumela ekwenyukeni kwesisi esingcolisa umoya esinamandla afanayo okufudumala njengamathani angama-2.9 metric esikhutha unyaka ngamunye.
Khonamanjalo, uMnyango Wezangaphakathi uphothule uhlelo lwawo lokuvula i-Arctic National Wildlife Refuge yase-Alaska ukuze kumbiwe uwoyela, okuyisinyathelo izazi zezemvelo ezilindele ukuthi zingagcini nje ngokulimaza izwe. Izinhlobo ezingama-700 zezitshalo nezilwane ezihlala lapho kodwa futhi zandise kakhulu ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni. Ngo-2018, i-Federal Energy Regulatory Commission Kunqunyelwe ukucatshangelwa kwayo kwesisi esingcolisa umoya esiphuma kumaphrojekthi wegesi yemvelo. Futhi, ngokusebenzisa i ukuhleleka, uTrump wenza buthaka imithethonqubo eyabekwa ukuze kuncishiswe izikhukhula ezivela ekukhuphukeni kwezinga lolwandle.
Mhlawumbe okudabukisa kakhulu ukulahlekelwa kwe-Clean Power Plan. Lolo hlelo lwenkathi ka-Obama lwaklanyelwe ukunciphisa ukungcoliswa kwesimo sezulu ngamathani angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-400 ngo-2030. Umthetho Wamandla Ahlanzekile Ongabizi kakhulu e 2019.
Imiphumela Ebulalayo
Ezimweni eziningi, lokhu kuhoxiswa kuzoba nenani labantu elilinganisekayo. Izinguquko ku- I-Mercury kanye ne-Air Toxics Standards, okwenziwa i-EPA ngo-Ephreli, yabukela phansi imingcele ekungcolisweni komoya okunobuthi okubangelwa amalahle asetshenziswa ngo-2011. Leyo mithetho yayivimbele ukufa phakathi kuka-4,000 no-11,000 ngaphambi kwesikhathi unyaka ngamunye, ngokusho kwe-ejensi uqobo. izibalo. Kodwa ngaphansi kukaTrump, i-EPA inqume ukuthi akusadingeki ukulawula lokhu kungcola, okubangela ukulimala kwengqondo ekukhuleni kwengane futhi kwandise ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kubantu abadala.
Uma imile, i-methane rollback, ekhona inselele ngabezemvelo, kuyophumela nasekuguleni nasekufeni. Ngaphezu kokusheshisa ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu, i-methane iphenduka ibe i-ozone, ebangela izifo ezingapheli, ezihlanganisa ukulimala kokuphefumula, umdlavuza, isifuba somoya nesifo senhliziyo. Imiphakathi yocingo olubiyelwe, eyakhiwe ngokungafani ngabantu bemibala, okuhlanganisa nabase-Afrika baseMelika abangaphezu kwesigidi abahlala ngaphakathi kwengxenye yemayela endaweni kawoyela negesi, izoba phakathi kwezithinteke kakhulu ngenxa yokungcola. Futhi ukushintshwa koHlelo Lwamandla Ahlanzekile kulindeleke ukuthi kuholele izinkulungwane zokufa.
Njengoba kungakapheli amasonto ayisikhombisa kuze kube ukhetho, futhi imililo yequbula nezikhukhula ziyaqhubeka nokusabalala kanye nokuqashelwa ukuthi ziyingxenye enkulu. i-apocalypse yesimo sezulu, abaphathi bakaTrump basazama ukuqeda ukucekelwa phansi okubulalayo kweminye yemithetho nezinqubo ezabekwa ukuze kuvikelwe impilo yabantu.
Phakathi kweminye imithetho ebaluleke kakhulu esamile esilinganisweni izindinganiso zezinhlayiya ze-particle ne-ozone, kokubili okuvela ezitshalweni zikagesi. Kusukela ngo-1977, umthetho ubufuna ukuthi i-Clean Air Scientific Advisory Committee, noma i-CASAC, eyakhiwe ososayensi abazimele isize ukumisa izindinganiso. Ngenkathi ikomidi lisekhona, i-Trump EPA ilichithile, isusa ososayensi abaningi abazimele kuyo kanye nabo bonke odokotela bezifo eziwumshayabhuqe, esikhundleni salokho. wasipakisha nochwepheshe abalungele imboni. I-CASAC manje isiholwa nguLouis Anthony โTonyโ Cox Jr., umeluleki wezimboni ophikisana nokusungulwa kahle. isayensi okubonisa ukuthi izinhlayiyana zibulala ngokwanda kwamazinga enhliziyo nesifo samaphaphu. Usebenzele i-Exxon Mobil, i-American Chemistry Council, kanye ne-American Petroleum Institute.
Umqondisi we-EPA u-Andrew Wheeler ukuxoshwa iphaneli yososayensi ababeluleka ngokomlando i-CASAC mayelana nezinhlayiya - okuhlanganisa uthuli, ukungcola, umsizi, nentuthu - futhi basakazwa nephaneli yochwepheshe be-ozone kulokho athi kwakuwumzamo "wokuqondisa" inqubo yokubeka okujwayelekile. Umphumela uba ukuthi i-EPA manje izama ukuphothula izindinganiso zamanje zazo zombili izinhlayiya ze-particle ne-ozone, ososayensi abazimele abathi aziyivikeli impilo. Nakuba isimo sezulu sithinta amazinga e-ozone, izinga elihlongozwayo alinaki imiphumela yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu.
Ukugcina izindinganiso zezinto ezingcolisa umoya, zombili eziwumphumela wokukhishwa kwemishini kagesi, โkuyinsipho embonini kawoyela negesiโ ezobulala, ngokusho kukaBernie Goldstein, udokotela obengusihlalo weCASAC kanye neReagan- uqoke umsizi womlawuli we-EPA oseyilungu le Inethiwekhi Yokuvikela Imvelo. Kakade abantu abangaphezu kwe-100,000 e-US bayafa ngenxa yokungcoliswa komoya, okuhlanganisa i-particle ne-ozone. โAbantu abaningi bazofa ngenxa yokuthi izindinganiso ezingcolile azikho phezulu ngokwanele,โ kusho uGoldstein.
UGoldstein ukhathazeke kakhulu ngokwanda kobungozi balezi zinto ezingcolisa umoya ngesikhathi sodlame lwe-coronavirus - into i-EPA akazange acabangele ohlelweni lwayo lokubeka izinga, yize yasikhipha isiphakamiso sayo ngemuva kokuqala kwalolu bhubhane. "Umbono wokuthi into ehlasela inhliziyo namaphaphu ngobudlova ngendlela i-Covid-19 enza ngayo izosebenzisana nezinto ezingcolisa umoya eziphinde zihlasele inhliziyo namaphaphu awucabangi," kusho yena.
UTrump usebenzisana noNobhala Wezolimo uSonny Perdue ukuze nwebisa ukugawulwa kwemithi e-Alaska's Tongass National Forest, isusa izivikelo ezinamashumi eminyaka ubudala kumahektare ayizigidi eziyi-10 adonsa ikhabhoni eningi kunanoma yiliphi elinye ihlathi lezwe. Futhi abaphathi bazama, ngoMnyango Wezangaphakathi, uku ithrekhi esheshayo ukubuyekezwa kwemvelo kwamaphrojekthi okumba uwoyela negesi, okuhlanganisa ipayipi legesi yemvelo e-Mountain Valley kanye netheminali yegesi yemvelo e-Oregon.
Okunye futhi phakathi kwebhizinisi elingakaqedwa kwa-EPA ukubuyiselwa emuva kokuvikela kuka-2015 okuvikela abasebenzi basemapulazini kanye nemiphakathi yezolimo ekuchayekeni ngezibulala-zinambuzane. Uma abaphathi bakaTrump bephumelela ngoshintsho lwabo, abasebenzi basemapulazini - abangabaseLatino kakhulu futhi asebevele basemathubeni amaningi okuthi badliwe yizibulala-zinambuzane kunabasebenzi abangewona amapulazi - bazobhekana nokuchayeka okukhulu nakakhulu.
Futhi i-EPA ithatha izinyathelo zokugcina ukuphothula โUkuqinisa Ukungafihli Kusayensi Yokulawulaโ umthetho, ongakhawulela ukusetshenziswa kwesayensi ezimele ekuthatheni izinqumo kwe-ejensi ngokusebenzisa isu elasungulwa kuqala izinkampani zikagwayi. Isiphakamiso kwaba Ithunyelwe ehhovisi elibuyekeza imithetho ye-White House ekuqaleni kwaleli sonto, futhi u-Wheeler uthe unethemba lokuthi uzoyiqeda ekupheleni konyaka.
Khonamanjalo, abaphathi basasebenza ngemithetho emibili ehlongozwayo ethinta i-Endangered Species Act: Omunye uzovula ukuqokwa kwe indawo yokuhlala ebucayi izinselelo zezimboni, kanti enye izosungula izinguquko encazelweni yoMthetho Wesivumelwano Sezinyoni Ezifudukayo, oqhutshwa imboni kawoyela negesi, โokuzophumela ekufeni kwezinyoni eziningi,โ ngokukaNoah Greenwald, umqondisi wezilwane ezisengozini eSikhungweni Sokuhlukahluka Kwezinto Eziphilayo.
Ukuphatha kukaTrump sekuvele "kubi kakhulu ezilwaneni ezisengozini," ngokusho kukaGreenwald. โKube wukumosha okubi kabi iminyaka emine ngesikhathi singenayo iminyaka emine,โ usho kanje. โNgenkathi ososayensi emhlabeni wonke belokhu bexwayisa ngenkinga yokushabalala kwemvelo, bajaha ukuyophothula le mithetho.โ
Ukubuyisela Umonakalo
ICentre for Biological Diversity ingenye nje yezinhlangano zezemvelo ezike zaba khona ngokusebenzisa izinkantolo ukuphonsela inselelo ukubuyiselwa emuva kukaTrump. Ngokweqile, lamasudi aphumelele. Amacala ayi-12 kuphela kwangu-81 ahlobene nemvelo, amandla, kanye nokwehliswa kokulawulwa kwemithombo yemvelo anqunywa ngokuvuna kukaTrump kusukela ngo-Agasti 31, ngokusho kombiko. Isikhungo Sobuqotho Benqubomgomo e-New York University School of Law.
Uma uTrump ehlulwa okhethweni, abaphathi beDemokhrasi bangaxazulula kalula amasudi amaningi asalindile. "UBiden angakhombisa ngokushesha ukuthi ngeke akuvikele ukuhlehla kukaTrump enkantolo," kusho uWilliam Buzbee, uprofesa wezomthetho eGeorgetown University Law Center. "Umthetho wokuphatha uyavumelana nezimo futhi uhlale unikeza umongameli wesikhathi esizayo amandla okulungisa umonakalo walowo owayemandulele." Abaphathi be-Biden bangase bavele bahlehlise ukuhoxiswa kwabaphathi bakaTrump esivumelwaneni sezulu saseParis - isinyathelo esingeke siphothulwe kuze kube usuku olulandela ukhetho futhi kuzothatha umongameli omusha izinsuku ezingama-30 ukuthi aphinde angene.
Kuya ngosuku lokuhlehliswa, uma iBiden ikhethiwe futhi kukhona iningi leDemocratic Alliance kuzo zombili iNdlu kanye neSenethi, ezinye zezinguquko zingahlehliswa ngomthetho obizwa nge-Congressional Review Act.
Kepha omunye umonakalo owenziwe ngabaphathi bakaTrump kwezokuvikela imvelo uzothatha isikhathi eside ukuhlehla. Eminye imithetho ephothuliwe izodinga iminyaka yokwenziwa kwemithetho esemthethweni ukuze ishintshe. Futhi ngeke ibe khona indlela yokuvuselela i-Clean Power Plan. "Sekuseduze nokufa," kusho uThomas McGarity, uprofesa eNyuvesi yaseTexas e-Austin School of Law, mayelana nesizinda sohlelo lwesimo sezulu lokuphatha kuka-Obama. "Uma abaphathi abalandelayo befuna ukwenza okuthile ngokushintsha kwesimo sezulu futhi bezama ukukwenza ngendlela yokuphatha kuzofanele baqale phansi."
Omunye umonakalo owenziwe nguTrump ngokuphikisana nesayensi yesimo sezulu esimisiwe kanye nokuhlehla ukuvikela isimo sezulu esidingeka kakhulu akunakulungiseka. "Ngeke kwenzeke ukuvala iminyaka emine echithwa indiva futhi yenza isimo sezulu sibe sibi kakhulu," kusho uBuzbee. โInani le-CO2 eyengeziwe kanye ne-methane emkhathini lizohlala amashumi eminyaka uma kungenjalo amakhulu eminyaka. Lokho kulayishwa emkhathini woMhlaba ngeke kuphinde kutholakale futhi leso sikhathi ngeke siphinde sitholakale.โ
Ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu kwehlise ngokungaguquki umzamo wamazwe omhlaba wokubhekana nenkinga ecindezela kakhulu yesikhathi sethu. โUkushintsha kwesimo sezulu ekugcineni kuwumdlalo wokuthembana,โ kusho uBuzbee. โIzizwe ezicindezela abangcolisi bazo kumele zethembe ukuthi ezinye zizokhuphuka nazo zenze ingxenye yazo. Kepha ngokuhlehla, i-US ilahlekelwe ukwethembeka. โ
UBuzbee, owehlulela uTrump njengovele โengumongameli omubi kakhulu wezemvelo emlandweni wase-US,โ ubikezela ukuthi umthelela wezemvelo wegama lesibili likaTrump uzocekela phansi ngendlela engenakulinganiswa. "Bazoba nesikhathi sokuqeda futhi bavikele wonke ama-rollbacks ehlandla lokuqala," esho. "Anginaso isiqiniseko sokuthi i-EPA kanye nemithetho emikhulu yezemvelo ingamelana nalokhu kuhlasela."
Ngenkathi abaphathi bejaha ukuqedela ukubuyisela emuva, i I-Sunrise Movement ithumele amalunga ayo umuzi nomuzi ukuze adlulisele izindikimba zokhetho kubavoti. "Inhlangano yethu ikhuluma namakhulu ezinkulungwane zabantu abasha abasezifundeni ezinyakazayo ezweni lonke ukuze baxhumane nethuba esinalo lokuhlela nokuhlanganisa ngaphansi komphathi weBiden," kusho uStephen O'Hanlon, umsunguli weSunrise Movement. "I-Biden bekungeyona inketho yokuqala yentsha eningi, kodwa uyisinqumo esicacile."
Isishoshovu nombhali uBill McKibben ubeke iphuzu elingcono emiphumeleni yezemvelo yokususa uTrump. โLolu kuzoba wukhetho olubaluleke kakhulu kule minyaka eyizigidi ezimbalwa ezayo,โ uMcKibben tweeted ngoLwesibili, ethumela i-video kamengameli futhi ukuphika isayensi yesimo sezulu ngisho nalapho sichazelwa ngemililo ebulale inqwaba yabantu futhi yacekela phansi izigidi zamahektare omhlaba.
Okhulumela i-EPA uJames Hewitt unikeze la mazwi alandelayo ephendula umbuzo ovela ku-The Intercept:
Le ndaba iphusha ukulandisa okungamanga okungasekelwe eqinisweni. Ngaphansi kwale EPA, ukungcoliswa komoya kuleli kwehle ngamaphesenti angu-7, sikhiphe ohlwini lwezindawo ezingu-61 ze-Superfund, satshala izigidigidi ezingama-40 zamaRandi kungqalasizinda yamanzi, saqoqa okuningi ezijezisweni zobugebengu nezomphakathi ukwedlula i-Obama Administration ngesikhathi sokuqala, futhi siphothula i- Umthetho wokugcina weLead & Copper. Zonke izinqumo zokulawula zisekelwe kwisayensi kanye nemithetho yethu esemthethweni ngokungafani nokuphatha kokugcina.
Ochwepheshe bezemvelo baphikisana nazo zonke izimangalo empendulweni ye-EPA. Ebuzwa ngokuncishiswa kokungcoliswa komoya, u-Elena Craft, umqondisi omkhulu wesimo sezulu kanye nempilo eSikhwameni Sokuvikela Imvelo, uthe akacaci nganoma iyiphi indlela ukungcola komoya kwehle ngayo ngamaphesenti ayi-7 futhi wengeza ngokuthi โAngikwazi nokucabanga ngisho nokukodwa. isenzo esenziwe yilo hulumeni esizoholela ekwehleni kwesisi esikhipha umoya.
Ngenkathi i-EPA ikhiphe amasayithi amaningi e-Superfund, nayo inawo ukusilela emuva okukhulu yamaphrojekthi wokwakha angaxhaswanga ezindaweni zeSuperfund eminyakeni eyi-15. Ngokusho kukaBetsy Southerland, owathatha umhlalaphansi ngemva kweminyaka engu-30 esebenzela i-EPA, le nhlangano izama ukuzitholela isikweletu ngomsebenzi owenziwe ngaphansi kokuphatha kwangaphambilini. โUkukhipha ohlwini kuwumsebenzi wamaphepha obhala ukuthi iphrojekthi yaqedwa eminyakeni edlule,โ kusho yena. โLokhu kuphatha kunomlando omubi kunayo yonke eyedlule ngokwesibalo sezinhlelo ebese zilungele ukwakhiwa abangazixhasanga. Esikhundleni sokucela uxhaso oludingekayo kulezi zindawo, empeleni bacela ukuncishiswa kwisabelomali seSuperfund minyaka yonke. โ
I-Southerland iphinde yathi ukuphakanyiswa kwe-ejensi yomthetho wokuhola nethusi kwakuwukungahloniphi: โUmthetho wokuhola ohlongozwayo awuzange wehlise ukugcwala okungase kubangele ukushintshwa kwamapayipi omthofu. Futhi behlise izinga elidingekayo lokushintsha amapayipi omthofu.โ
Ngokuqondene nezijeziso, ama-EPA idatha yakho kukhombisa ukuthi ngonyaka wezimali ka-2019, i-ejensi yenza inani elincane kakhulu lokuhlola abangcolisi okungenani iminyaka eyi-18., cishe isigamu senani lokuhlolwa okwenziwe eminyakeni eyishumi ngaphambili. A 2019 umbiko evela ku-Environmental Integrity Project ibhala lezi zindlela futhi ikhombisa ukuthi isibalo samacala obugebengu emvelo avuliwe nabangcolisi ababekwe icala lehle kakhulu ngaphansi kukaTrump.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa kuphela ngokuphana kwabafundi bayo.
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