I-oda lakamuva lokuxoshwa selifikile. Ngemva kokuphishekela izindlela ezihlukene zomthetho kule minyaka embalwa edlule, u-Ammar Khatib owazalelwa eSyria uthole incwadi ekupheleni kuka-Okthoba ethi kumele azethule esikhumulweni sezindiza iWinnipeg International Airport ngoMsombuluko, Novemba 15 ngo-9:00 AM ngokucijile. Ngaphandle uma kunesisekelo sokwesekwa komphakathi, nokuhlehliswa komyalelo wokudingiswa, u-Ammar uzodingiswa abuyiselwe eSyria, izwe angakaze alibone cishe ikhulunyaka leminyaka, izwe lapho esaba ukuboshwa, ukuhlukunyezwa, ukubuthelwa empini. , noma okubi nakakhulu. Umndeni ka-Ammar wabaleka eSyria ngo-1981 ngesikhathi esengumfanyana, ngenxa yezinkolelo zezombusazwe kanye nemisebenzi kayise, owayeyingxenye ye-Muslim Brotherhood eyayivinjelwe. Esikhathini esingeside ngaphambi kwalokho (ngo-1980), umthetho waseSyria washintshwa ngokusemthethweni ukwenza ubulungu ku-Muslim Brotherhood bujeziswe ngokufa, okwadala ukubaleka komndeni ka-Ammar. Lapho eneminyaka emine, u-Ammar walungiselelwa i-passport engamanga, eyayidingeka ukuze abaleke ezweni, futhi umkhaya ka-Ammar wabalekela eJordani kamuva waya eSaudi Arabia, lapho owahlala khona iminyaka eminingi njengezifiki. Kodwa kwakuwukuphila okungenasimo nokungaqiniseki, impilo yokudingiswa, futhi naphezu kokuhlala lapho iminyaka engamashumi amabili, u-Ammar wayengenalo ilungelo lokuba isakhamuzi saseSaudi Arabia. Wayengenalo ilungelo lokusebenza kanyekanye futhi aphishekele imfundo njengezakhamuzi ezivamile zaseSaudi, ngaphandle kokwesaba ukuphindiselwa eSyria. Njengoba u-Ammar ekhula wafinyelela ekufuneni lokho wonke umuntu akufunayo: indawo azoyibiza ngokuthi ikhaya, elikhululekile ekushushisweni, ilungelo lemfundo, kanye nelungelo lokuqala umndeni.
IMVELAPHI NGEcala
Ngenkathi ekwi-visa yokuya e-United States ngasekupheleni kuka-2000, u-Ammar wanquma ukuza eCanada ukuze afune ukukhoseliswa. Ngo-January 2001, waziveza emngceleni waseCanada, wanikela ngepasipoti yakhe (evuma zisuka nje ukuthi ingeyomgunyathi), futhi wacela isimo sababaleki. Cishe ngemva konyaka, ngenkathi isicelo sakhe sisacutshungulwa, futhi ezama ukuziphilisa, u-Ammar wahlangana noSafiya Thiessen, isakhamuzi saseCanada. NgoDisemba 2002, bobabili bashada, kwathi ekuqaleni kukaJuni 2004, uSafiya wazala intombazane abayiqambe ngokuthi u-Amal ("Hope").
Kodwa ithemba liyinto enzima ukuligcina lapho sibhekene nokunganaki kwezikhulu, noma okubi nakakhulu, lapho kubhekene nenqubomgomo yokucwasa abantu abavela kwamanye amazwe eye yakuthola kulula ukukhomba kanye nembuzi yama-Arab kanye namaSulumane kusukela ngo-9-11. U-Ammar ulandele imigudu yomthetho ejwayelekile etholakala eCanada, kodwa ngayinye ngayinye ivaliwe kuye. Ngomhla zingama-23 kuMandulo wezi-2002 i-Immigration and Refugee Board (IRB) yenqaba isicelo sika-Ammar sokuba ngumbaleki, yathi ibhodi alimthathi โnjengeSigungu Sababaleki.โ Ngomhla zingama-30 kuMasingana, 2003 isicelo sika-Ammar's Pre-Removal Risk Assessment (PRRA) naso sanqatshwa, esavumelana nesinqumo sangaphambili se-IRB futhi sagomela ngokuthi u-Ammar wayengekho engcupheni uma kwenzeka edingiselwa e-Syria. Lokhu kukodwa kube yisinqumo esihle kakhulu, uma kubhekwa ukuthi i-PRRA iklanyelwe ngokuqondile (noma ngokusobala) ukuvimbela ukuxosha othile ukuze abhekane nokuhlukunyezwa. Ngenxa yalokho, u-Ammar wathola idethi yakhe yokuqala yokuxoshwa ngo-August 11 kanye nokuhlehliswa okwalandela kwaze kwaba umhla zi-15 September 2003. Kungemva kokuba sekubonakala ukuthi izinketho zakhe ezingokomthetho zazishabalala ngokushesha, futhi izicelo ezisuka enhliziyweni ezazibhekiswe kubameleli kuhulumeni zazingaphumeleli ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukhethwa nguye. ukuphepha, ingabe u-Ammar walandela ezinye izindlela. Ngehora le-11, u-Ammar wafuna indawo engcwele eSontweni LamaKatolika LaseKatiri, waya kwabezindaba ukuyomela icala lakhe, futhi wafuna ukusekelwa komphakathi ngamaqembu afana ne-Amnesty International kanye ne-No One is Illegal (Winnipeg). Kwabanjwa uchungechunge lwemihlangano yomphakathi, kwasatshalaliswa amapheshana, kwabhalwa nezincwadi ukuphakamisa igama lakhe.
UKUBUYISA OKUFUSHANE
Ekugcineni, mhlawumbe ifuna ukugwema ukushuba okuqhubekayo nezingxabano zezombangazwe, Ibhodi Lokuthuthela kwelinye izwe linikeze u-Ammar ukukhululwa kafushane. Kwenziwa isivumelwano phakathi kommeli ka-Ammar, uKen Zaifman, iLungu lePhalamende leLiberal, uReg Alcock, kanye noNgqongqoshe Wezokufika ngaleso sikhathi uDenis Coderre okwavumela u-Ammar lokho okwakubizwa ngokuthi โisikhathi esiphusileโ ukuthi athole izwe lesithathu eliphephile lapho angahlala khona, umkakhe wafaka isicelo soxhaso eCanada. Kwakukude nesixazululo esilungile noma esilungile, kodwa kungcono kakhulu kunokudingiselwa eSyria. Esithangamini sabezindaba sangoSepthemba 15, 2003, uZaifman wacacisa ukuthi isikhathi โesinengqondoโ sokuthola izwe lesithathu sakha โizinsuku kunokuba amasontoโ - isimangalo esimangalisayo esinikezwe ukuthi bekwaziwa yibo bonke ukuthi u-Ammar wayengenayo ipasipoti evumelekile. Noma kunjalo, izinketho eziningi zalandelwa u-Ammar nomndeni wakhe, okuhlanganisa kokubili iMalaysia neTrinidad, okwakamuva kuyizwe lapho umkhwekazi ka-Ammar enomndeni. Awekho kulawa mathuba asebenzayo, nokho โ ngenxa yokungabi bikho komzamo wangempela, kodwa ngenxa yokuntula kuka-Ammar ipasipoti esemthethweni yanoma yiliphi izwe โ futhi u-Ammar waphinde wabhekana nokudingiswa ngokushesha.
ISICELO SOBUNTU NOBUHLUNGU
NgoMeyi 2004, ummeli ka-Ammar walungiselela futhi wafaka isicelo seHumanitarian and Compassionate Application (H&C), esiklanyelwe ngokusobala ukubamba amacala ababaleki โangena emifantwini.โ Ngeshwa, ngaphansi kuka-5% wezicelo ezinjalo eziphumelelayo - mhlawumbe ngenxa yokuthi ubuntu nozwelo kuyizici zesisebenzi ezingqubuzana nemisebenzi ephumelelayo eBhodini Lokufika kanye Nababaleki. NgoJulayi 2004, u-Ammar wathola ukwenqatshwa okubhaliwe kwesicelo sakhe se-H&C. Kulesi sitatimende esibhaliwe, isikhulu saseCanada Border Services Agency (CBSA) uJill Francis siphethe ngokuthi "umfakisicelo akabhekene nengozi empilweni yakhe noma engcupheni yokuvikeleka komuntu wakhe, uma ebuyela eSyria."
Isifinyezo sokunqatshwa kwesikhulu samakhasi amabili (samhla ziyi-13 kuNtulikazi, 2004) sasiyilokho kanye umuntu angakulindela: ukubanda, ukuhlonipha, nokubonisa ukungazi kombhali ngamaqiniso okuphulwa kwamalungelo abantu eSyria. Ukushiya eceleni iphimbo lencwadi enqabayo (ubufakazi obusekelayo buka-Ammar bachithwa โnjengobuzenzela wenaโ nakuba yona kanye inhloso yesicelo se-H&C kuwukumela icala lomuntu siqu), isikhulu se-CBSA uFrancis sagcizelela ngokuphindaphindiwe ukuthi isicelo sika-Ammar H&C, kanye nesinqumo sakhe. ukwesaba ukushushiswa noma ukuhlushwa eSyria, "akuhambisani nobufakazi obunenhloso bemibhalo." Kodwa buyini โubufakazi obubhalwe phansiโ uFrancis abusebenzisa ukuze akhe umbono wakhe? UFrancis wenqabile izitatimende ezisekelayo kanye nobufakazi obunikezwe yi-Amnesty International, futhi esikhundleni salokho wacaphuna I-Article 49 yoMthetho waseSyria, esho ngokusobala ukuthi ubulungu ku-Muslim Brotherhood kuyicala lokufa. Waqhubeka nokubhala ukuthi โI-athikili ayikhulumi ngamalungu omndeni we-Moslem Brotherhood. Ubufakazi obubhalwe phansi abusekeli izinsolo zokuthi izingane zamalungu e-Moslem Brotherhood ziyaboshwa, zihlukunyezwe noma zibulawe eSyria.โ
Ngamanye amazwi, "ubufakazi bedokhumentari" uFrancis abhekisele kubo umthetho oshiwo ezincwadini zaseSyria! Uhulumeni waseSyria akasho ngokuqondile ukuthi bazobopha, babophe, bahlukumeze, noma babulale izihlobo zamalungu e-Muslim Brotherhood, abasho ngokuqondile ukuthi bajwayele ukujezisa ngokuhlanganyela (okuzobe, empeleni, kube ukwephulwa kweMigomo ye-Geneva. ), futhi lowo msebenzi (noma ngokunembe kakhudlwana ukungabikho) emthethweni waseSyria wamukelwe ngokwangempela, futhi wasetshenziswa uFrancis โnjengobufakazi bamadokhumentiโ ukuze aphikise isimangalo sika-Ammar. Umbuzo ofika emqondweni wami yilo: Ingabe umuntu ongakwazi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwemithetho ye-de jure, kanye ne-de facto practice, ezweni elithile (ingasaphathwa ngaphansi kobushiqela obamukelwayo) abe ophethe izinqumo mayelana nezinga lobungozi ababaleki ababhekene nalo uma kwenzeka exoshwa? Cabanga indlela ababesabela ngayo lapho bethi ukwesaba kwababaleki baseSalvador ngokuhlushwa, amaqembu abulalayo, nokunyamalala phakathi nawo-1980 kwakungenasisekelo ngoba umthetho waseSalvador wawuqinisekisa amalungelo okuzisho ngokukhululekile, inqubo efanele, ukuqulwa kwamacala afanelekayo, kanye nentando yeningi yokhetho. Cabanga ngomuntu othile osikisela ukuthi amaJuda, amaGypsy, amaSlav, amaPole, amaQueer, nabaphikisi bezombangazwe babengekho engozini EYurophu Ebanjwe AmaNazi ngoba uMthetho-sisekelo WaseJalimane awuzange usho ngokuqondile nangokusobala ukuthi abantu abanjalo bayophonswa emakamu okuhlushwa noma babulawelwe ezindlini zegesi!
Akudingekile ukusho ukuthi, leli izinga lokucabanga (noma kunalokho udoti) elisetshenziswa ukuxosha u-Ammar. Isaziso sokunqatshwa kwe-H&C siphinde sanikeza u-Ammar ezinye izinsuku eziyi-15 zokuhambisa ubufakazi bamadokhumenti โokusekelwe kuphela kunoma imaphi amaphutha noma ukweqiwa okungase kuqukethwe embikweni Wesikhulu.โ Bekungekona ukuvuma iphutha, kodwa isaziso esijwayelekile sokuhambisa izimpikiswano zokugcina nobufakazi. Ummeli ka-Ammar wafaka impendulo efanele ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti, okuhlanganisa nokuphikiswa kwamaphuzu nephuzu ezimangalweni ezenziwe yisikhulu se-CBSA uFrancis, kanye nezitatimende ezintsha ezesekayo ze-Amnesty International - ebala ngokukhethekile ingxenye yeshumi nambili yezibonelo zezihlobo zamalungu e-Muslim Brotherhood. bake bavalelwa ngaphandle kwecala, ukuquliswa icala noma ukuxhumana nezwe langaphandle, futhi abaye baphathwa kabi noma bahlukunyezwa ngesikhathi beboshiwe. Encwadini yango-August 5, 2004, uGloria Nafziger (Umxhumanisi Wababaleki, i-Amnesty International, Ihhovisi laseToronto) wathi:
โI-Amnesty International isaqhubeka nokukholelwa ukuthi uMnu. Khatib ubhekene nengozi enkulu yokuvalelwa ngaphandle kokuxhumana, ukuphathwa kabi kanye nokuhlukunyezwa okungenzeka, nokuthi akufanele abuyiselwe ngendluzula eSyria. Ubhekene nale ngozi ngenxa yokuthi uyise wayeyilungu leMoslem Brotherhood, manje osekudingisweni eSaudi Arabia, nangenxa yokuthi wasebenzisa ipasipoti yaseSyria engamanga ukuze aye eCanada.โ
Lokhu akubandakanyi ngisho nokukhulunywa ngezakhamizi ezine zaseCanada zaseSyria eziboshwe futhi zahlukunyezwa eSyria eminyakeni embalwa edlule kuphela: okuhlanganisa u-Arwad Al-Boushi, u-Abdullah Almalki, kanye no-Maher Arar, icala lakhe elingajwayelekile kuphela. ngokwezinga lokunakwa kwabezindaba okwanikezwa, kanye nophenyo lwakamuva lomphakathi ngezimo zokuxoshwa kwakhe. Zingaki izakhamizi zaseCanada ezidinga ukuhlushwa eSyria ngaphambi kokuba osopolitiki baseCanada nezikhulu zabokufika bavume ukuthi ukudingisela noma ngubani eSyria (ikakhulukazi labo abagxeka irekhodi labo lamalungelo abantu, noma labo, njengo-Ammar abangenalo ithuba lokuba yisakhamuzi esikabili) kunezingozi ezinkulu. ukuboshwa, ukuhlukunyezwa, ukubuthelwa empini ngenkani, nokufa okungenzeka?
Nganoma yisiphi isizathu, u-Ammar washiywa yedwa (futhi engqungqutheleni) isikhathi esiningi sonyaka odlule - mhlawumbe ngenxa yenhlanganisela yezinto, njengokwesekwa komphakathi kanye nombhikisho ngoSepthemba 2003, ukhetho lukahulumeni, ukuxova ongqongqoshe, ukunakwa okunikezwa uMaher. Uphenyo lwe-Arar, kanye nesiteleka sabasebenzi bomphakathi esithinta ibhodi labafuduki uqobo. Akungabazeki ukuthi izinto ezinjalo zibambezele ukubuyekezwa nokucutshungulwa kwesicelo se-H&C sika-Ammar, ukufakwa kwaso akuvimbeli ukuxoshwa. Kodwa isikhathi sesiphelile, futhi u-Ammar wathola incwadi yakhe yakamuva yokuxoshwa encwadini yangomhla zingama-27 kuMfumfu, 2004. Azikho ezinye izizathu ezinikeziwe zokwenqatshwa kwesicelo sakhe, futhi azikho izimpendulo eziphakamisweni zakhe zakamuva zomthetho. Kwakunencwadi nje eyayithi u-Ammar kumele azethule ukuze adingiswe esikhumulweni sezindiza ngoNovemba 15, futhi waphawula ukuthi izikhwama zakhe akufanele zidlule ubukhulu obunjalo nesisindo ... noma uzokhokhiswa imali eyengeziwe.
UNGENZA YINI?
Zimbili kuphela izindlela ezisele, eyodwa yezomthetho neyodwa yezepolitiki. Ngokomthetho, u-Ammar unenketho yokufaka isicelo seNkantolo Yombuso "yokuhlala ekudingisweni" ukuthi ihlehlise ukususwa kwakhe e-Syria, futhi afake isicelo salokho okubizwa ngokuthi "Ikhefu Nokubuyekezwa Kobulungiswa" ngethemba lokucutshungulwa kabusha kwesinqumo seBhodi Labafuduki. Ngobuchwepheshe, iNkantolo Yombuso ayikwazi ukuhlehlisa isinqumo ngesethu, kodwa ingaphoqa Ibhodi Lokuthuthela kwelinye izwe ukuthi libuyekeze icala lika-Ammar okwesibili, futhi lingagcizelela ukuthi lisingathwe i-ejenti ehlukile kunalena yangaphambili. Lokhu akulona ithemba, njengoba nje ingcosana yamacala anjalo equlwa ngisho nayinkantolo, futhi mancane kakhulu lawo aphumelelayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuwina noma ukulahlekelwa, umzamo uzodla u-Ammar nomndeni wakhe izinkulungwane zamaRandi emalini engeziwe yezomthetho, imali okudingeka bayiqongelele ekusekelweni komphakathi, njengoba sebesebenzise yonke imali yabo yokulondoloza ezinkokhelweni zomthetho kuze kube manje.
ISIMEMO SOMPHAKATHI NOBUMBANO KUKAZWELONKE
Indlela yesibili yileyo yokwenza okuqondile: ukukhiqiza intukuthelo eyanele yomphakathi eWinnipeg nasezweni lonke ngokungabi nabulungisa okusobala kwecala, futhi usebenzise ingcindezi eyanele yezombangazwe, ukukhuthaza uNgqongqoshe Wesakhamuzi Nezokufuduka, uJudy Sgro, ukuthi enze okufanele. . Kucace bha ukuthi into efanele ngeke izenzekele. Ngalo moya, sikhuthaza abantu ukuthi bahlole ezinye zezindatshana ezihambisana nalesi sihloko (izixhumanisi ezinikezwe ngezansi) ukuze bathole ulwazi oluyisisekelo mayelana ngodaba luka-Ammar, kanye nesimo samalungelo abantu e-Syria. Sikukhuthaza ukuthi ubhale incwadi efuna ubulungiswa kanye nesimo saphakade sika-Ammar eCanada (okufanele kube umkhuba nje, ngisho ngaphandle kwezingozi ezihlobene nokubuyela kwakhe ngenkani eSyria, njengoba eshade nesakhamuzi saseCanada, futhi une indodakazi esanda kuzalwa nayo eyisakhamuzi). Uma ungeke ukwazi ukuzibhalela eyakho incwadi, sikukhuthaza ukuthi uprinte, usayine, futhi uyithumele ngeyodwa yesampula yezinhlamvu esizinikeze ngezansi. Sicela uthinte i-MLA yangakini kanye neLungu lePhalamende. Bacele ukuthi baveze udaba esiShayamthetho sabo sesiFundazwe noma ePhalamende. Batshele ukuthi ukholelwa ukuthi iCanada kufanele ibe yindawo ephephile yalabo ababalekela ukushushiswa nobunzima, nokuthi uma inqubomgomo yokufika kwabantu baseCanada ingeke ibonise lokho okubalulekile okusobala, khona-ke izakhamizi zaseCanada zizophoqeleka ukuthi zinikeze indawo engcwele ngokwazo, emiphakathini yazo. , izindawo zokukhulekela, namakhaya โฆ kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iyiphi inqubomgomo kahulumeni.
Okokugcina, sikucela ukuthi usize ukuhlela izenzo zobumbano emadolobheni nasemadolobheni akho. Umhlangano womphakathi wokweseka u-Ammar nomndeni wakhe uzoba seWinnipeg kulo Mgqibelo ozayo, Novemba 6 (3PM esiShayamthetho), futhi sikhuthaza izenzo zokusekela kulo lonke elaseCanada ngalolo suku nasemavikini azayo. Uma ungathanda ukuzibandakanya, noma ukuthola ngemicimbi ezayo ehlobene necala lika-Ammar, sicela uxhumane neqembu lakini elithi Akekho Ongekho emthethweni (amakomiti akhona eMontreal, Toronto, Winnipeg, naseVancouver), noma amanethiwekhi afanayo asekela abokufika kanye nababaleki umphakathi wakho. Sicela futhi ucabange ukunikela ngokuthile ukuze usize ukukhokha izindleko zezomthetho zika-Ammar (alikho inani elincane kakhulu).
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi unquma ukuthatha ini, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi icala lika-Ammar alihlukile neze. Akulona icala eliye โlingena emifantwiniโ yolunye uhlelo olunobulungisa. Amakhulukhulu ezakhamuzi ezingezona ezesimo sama-Arab, amaSulumane, kanye nababaleki base-Asia eCanada baqondiswe ngokuhlelekile futhi badingiswa kulo lonke elaseCanada, kalula kakhulu nokunganaki komphakathi kusukela ezenzakalweni ze-9-11, kusukela ekubuyekezweni koMthetho Wokufika. umthetho omusha โweSitifiketi Sokuvikelekaโ, futhi njengoba igebe lenqubomgomo elibuyekeziwe eligomela (ngaphezu kwaso sonke isizathu) ukuthi i-United States kufanele ithathwe โnjengezwe lesithathu eliphephileโ โฆ ngakho-ke bonke ababaleki abaya eCanada bedlula e-United States bangase unqatshelwe isikhundla sababaleki. Ngokudabukisayo, icala lika-Ammar alilona โiphuthaโ noma โiphutha,โ kodwa kunalokho liwumphumela onengqondo wenqubomgomo yaseCanada yokuthuthela kwelinye izwe kanye nababaleki, enomlando omude nohlazisayo wemiphakathi enganakekelwa kahle, futhi ebeka imingcele ukungena kwabantu kwamanye amazwe nokuvikelwa kwababaleki ngesisekelo imibandela yokucwasa ngokwebala, isigaba, izidingo zezomnotho ezicatshangwayo zabantu abakhethekile base-Canada, noma amalungelo ezepolitiki ashintshayo enkathi ethile. Kubalulekile ukuthi siwuvume lo mlando, kanye nale nqubomgomo yokucwasa eqhubekayo, uma sifuna ukuba nethemba lokubekela inselelo hhayi nje amacala okudingiswa abantu ngabanye afana nelika-Ammar, kodwa nokwenza ushintsho kunqubomgomo yaseCanada yokuthuthela kwelinye izwe kanye nababaleki - futhi okubaluleke nakakhulu ukwenza - njengenhlangano ephelele.
Ukuze uthole ulwazi mayelana nezenzo ezizayo ezihlobene necala lika-Ammar eWinnipeg thintana No One is Illegal (Winnipeg) at [i-imeyili ivikelwe] noma 783-0787 ext. 3.
Ukuze uthole isizinda esengeziwe noma imininingwane yamalungelo abantu baseSyria, chofoza izixhumanisi ezilandelayo:
โข IKomidi Lamalungelo Abantu lase-Syria (UK)
โข I-Amnesty International
โข I-Human Rights Watch
โข Isihloko se-CBC Manitoba, โMP, Amnesty International Fighting Syrianโs Deporting:โ http://winnipeg.cbc.ca/regional/servlet/View?filename=mb_khatib20041019
โข Isihloko sika-Amanda Aziz no-Erin Bockstael (I-Manitoban, Sept. 2003), โUkudingiswa Kusalindelekile Kumfundi Ozalelwe e-Syria:โ http://www.umanitoba.ca/manitoban/20030924/ne_04.html
Ukuze uthole isampula lencwadi eya kuNgqongqoshe Wezokufika Nezakhamuzi (u-Judy Sgro) efuna ubulungiswa ku-Ammar, thintana No One is Illegal (Winnipeg).
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa kuphela ngokuphana kwabafundi bayo.
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