I-Wall Street Journal ibike ngoLwesine, Ephreli 29 ukuthi i-United Airlines (UAL) kungenzeka imemezele maduze ukuhlanganiswa kwayo ne-Continental Airlines, okuyenza ibe inkampani yezindiza enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni ngenani labagibeli abathwalwayo. I-UAL iyinkampani yezindiza yesithathu ngobukhulu ezweni kanti i-Continental ingeyesine. Uma empeleni kuphumelele, inkampani yenethiwekhi eyodwa kuzobikwa ukuthi izogcina igama lomkhiqizo we-United ezinze eChicago.
Lokhu kuza ngokwengxenye ekuphenduleni kokuncintisana kokuthi iDelta igwinye iNorthwest Airlines ngo-2008, yona ngokwayo, kafushane, inkampani ethwala inombolo yokuqala emhlabeni kukho kokubili inani lemakethe nabagibeli.
Konke lokhu kujoki akukusha. Muva nje, iNingizimu-ntshonalanga izamile ukuthenga iFrontier ngaphambi kokuthi iRiphabhulikhi igcine ithathe izintambo futhi i-United empeleni ibithandana ne-US Airways emasontweni ambalwa edlule njengoba izingxoxo zayo zaqala ne-Continental.
Ngenkathi iCongress ihoxisa izindiza ngo-1978, isisekelo esiyinhloko kwakuwukukhulisa ukuncintisana, ukunikeza abathengi ukukhetha okwengeziwe kanye nokwehlisa amanani. Kuwo wonke ama-akhawunti, lezi zivezwe njengezinganekwane eziphelele nokuhlanekezela. Namuhla, eminyakeni engamashumi amathathu ngemva kokwesulwa kokulawulwa kwezinkampani zezindiza, kukhona ukuzimela okubonakalayo esibhakabhakeni kanye nemali yokugibela ekhuphuka kancane kancane.
Izinkampani zezindiza ezinkulu zibuka ukuhlanganiswa, ngokombiko wangoJanuwari 10, 2008 Reuters owawungenamdlandla ngaphambi kokuhlanganiswa okwakusondele ngaleso sikhathi iDelta neNorthwest, โnjengendlela yokusimamisa imboni ngokuvumela abathwali ukuthi banciphise izindleko, banciphise umthamo, futhi bakhuphule amanani okugibela. .โ Akukho okushintshile.
Manje sekunezinkampani zenethiwekhi ezinkulu ezinhlanu kuphela zase-US emhlabeni lapho abahlaziyi abaningi abanolwazi babikezela abathathu kuphela abasaphila kanye nokuhlakazeka kwezinkampani zenethiwekhi zasekhaya ezinezindleko eziphansi njengeNingizimu-ntshonalanga. Kuyafana nakwamanye amazwe.
Nakuba kwakukhona abathwali bamazwe ngamazwe abangama-50 nangaphezulu abaqhudelana ngaphesheya kwe-Atlantic ngo-1980, namuhla kunabathwali abathathu okungebona abase-US okulindeleke ukuba kube yibo kuphela abasindile esikalini somhlaba uma ukuthambekela okuvelele kokuhlanganisa ukubamba.
Ngokwesibonelo, iBritish Air (BA), kanye nenkampani yenethiwekhi yaseSpain i-Iberia isanda kumemezela ukuhlanganiswa kwamabhiliyoni angu-8 okuyenza ibe inhlanganisela yemali engenayo yendiza yesithathu ngobukhulu emhlabeni futhi ngayinye igcine igama layo lomkhiqizo elisebenza ngaphansi kwesakhiwo esisodwa sebhizinisi.
Umhlaziyi wemboni uPeter Greenberg waphawula ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ezedlule ukuthi โi-BA ne-Iberia nabo basezingxoxweni zokuxhumanisa i-American Airlines ekwabelaneni ngemali engenayo esivumelwaneni esizobavumela ukuba balungise amanani ezindizeni eziwela i-Atlantic.
Amathrendi acacile, isibhakabhaka somphakathi silawulwa ngasese yizinkampani ezimbalwa kuphela ezimi kahle ukuze zikhokhise amanani okugibela aphezulu ngokuncintisana okuncane.
Izingqwele zemakethe yamahhala zizishaya isifuba ngokwehliswa ngama-20% emalini yokugibela kusukela ngo-1978 lapho izinkampani zezindiza zakhululwa ukuze zizibekele amanani azo ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka kwabalawuli bakahulumeni. Kodwa lokhu kuyadukisa kakhulu. Kunezici ezimbalwa ezinomthelela ekwehleni kwamanani. Isibonelo, ukubhukha ku-inthanethi kucishe kwawaqeda nya amakhomishini amakhulu abasebenzeli bezokuvakasha. Ochwepheshe bathi lezi zindleko ngokuvamile zibalelwa ku-10% wezintengo zamathikithi.
Futhi nakuba kuyiqiniso ukuthi imali yokugibela eya emadolobheni amakhulu izuzile ekukhuphuleni ukuncintisana, lapho ukhona, imiphakathi emincane, ngokuphambene, ibone ukunyuka okukhulu kwemali yokugibela njengoba izikhumulo zezindiza zabo ziye zancipha noma zalahlekelwa isevisi. Izigidi zabahambi ziphinde ziphoqeleke ukuthi zithenge amathikithi okuya ezikhumulweni zezindiza ezinkulu ebezizokweqa phakathi nesikhathi somthetho lapho kunikezwa izindiza eziqondile eziya noma ezibuya ezimakethe ezincane.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkokhelo zesevisi ehlukahlukene ziphakathi kwezindleko ezifihliwe ezingaveli ezintengo zamathikithi ezimenyezelwe. Lokhu kungahlanganisa. I-Continental ilindele izigidi ezingu-350 zamaRandi ezinkokhelweni zemithwalo yodwa kulo nyaka.
Ekugcineni, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi imali yokugibela iye yehla kanjani eminyakeni edlule, akungabazeki ukuthi ukuncintisana okuncane ekugcineni kuyosho amanani okugibela aphezulu. Futhi sekuyaqala.
"Uma uzondiza, uzobe ukhokha kakhulu," kusho uTerry Trippler ngo-Ephreli 29, 2010, umhlaziyi we-Cheap-seats.com, inkampani yezokuvakasha ku-inthanethi eqapha imali yokugibela.
Isevisi Elawulayo, Izintengo Nezinzuzo
Ngaphansi kwemithethonqubo, uhulumeni wayelawula ngemali yokugibela nezindlela, amazinga okusebenza amisiwe kanye nokungena emakethe okulinganiselwe kwezinkampani zezindiza ezintsha. Umqondo wawuwukuqinisekisa isevisi ezimakethe ezihlukahlukene, ukusungula izimo zokusebenza ezifanayo kanye nokugcina amanani entengo aphusile. Abathwali baqinisekiswa ngenzuzo ngefomula yezindleko nezindleko.
Emzamweni wokwandisa izinkampani zezindiza ngokuphumelelayo, izindiza ezincintisanayo zasakazwa, ngaleyo ndlela zinciphisa ukuncintisana kunoma iyiphi imakethe eyodwa enkulu kuyilapho kuqinisekisa insizakalo ezikhumulweni zezindiza eziningi ezincane. Ukungathembeki kwanikezwa izindiza ezanikezwa imakethe ngokushintshana nokugcina imithetho kahulumeni efana nesakhiwo semali yokugibela namazinga omsebenzi.
Kepha iCongress, phakathi kokukhala kwemakethe yamahhala yokuqeda ukugxambukela kukahulumeni okukhumbuza ukuqhuma okunomsindo kwanamuhla, igcine kakhulu ukungathembeki kwenhlangano ejatshulelwa yizinkampani zezindiza ngisho nangemva kokulawula ukundiza.
Ngenxa yalokho, nakuba izindiza zezindiza ezingaphezu kuka-300 kulinganiselwa ukuthi zaqala ngokushesha ngemva kokwesulwa komthetho, manje, ngemva kweminyaka engamashumi amathathu, ukuncintisana kuyinkumbulo ekude kakhulu.
Ngokuvumelana ne thetravelinsider.info, ngokwelula ngokulandelanayo izindiza zase-US zokungathembeki โekucelweni ngemva kwesicelo, uMnyango Wezokuthutha udale isimo manje lapho izinkampani zezindiza ezintathu [zihlangana] ukuze]โฆ zihlale zilawula okungenani u-50% wemakethe, ngokuvamile zilawula okwengeziwe. ngaphezu kwama-80% ezimakethe, futhi ngezinye izikhathi zilawula ngaphezu kuka-90% wemakethe.โ
Ukuhlanganiswa kusheshisa lokhu kuguquguquka ngokumunca ngokuqondile izimpahla zomncintiswano.
Ngokumangalisayo, ukuthengwa okunjalo, nokho, akuzange kubakhokhele ngempela abatshalizimali eminyakeni edlule. Kunezici ezimbalwa ezihlanganisa ubunzima bokuhlanganisa ngempumelelo imisebenzi kodwa ngokuyinhloko ukuba sengozini okwedlulele kwemboni ekuphakameni kwemakethe kawoyela kanye nokwehla komjikelezo womnotho okubambe iqhaza ekunciphiseni imbuyiselo kusukela ekuhlanganisweni.
Noma kunjalo, naphezu kwemiphumela exubile ye-Wall Street, ithemba elijabulisayo lokuthola ukugunyazwa kwemakethe lihlala liwumgomo wamasu wenhlanganisela ngayinye, ukulahlekelwa okuphelele kwabasebenzi bezindiza abadiliziwe ngenxa yokuncishiswa kwesevisi kanye nokulahlekelwa okuphelele kubathengi abakhokha amanani aphakeme amathikithi.
I-Monopoly Nganoma Iliphi elinye Igama
Ngisho nangaphambi kokuba ukuhlanganiswa kwakamuva kwehlise izindiza ezinkulu zase-US zaba ezinhlanu (ngokusobala zizoba ezine), abathwali bebefuna kabi izindlela zokuncintisana ngokusebenzisa amasheya ekhodi nemifelandawonye esabalele kuwo wonke amazwekazi.
Namuhla, kunemifelandawonye emithathu emikhulu yomhlaba, i-Star (UAL), i-Skyteam (i-Delta) ne-OneWorld (yaseMelika) eyabelana ngemizila, imishini kanye nezinsiza. Lokhu kusebenza kahle kungancomeka kakhulu kodwa emakethe engalawulwa, lobu budlelwano buphinde bunciphise kakhulu ukuncintisana, buvumele izinkampani zezindiza emhlabeni wonke ukuthi zigcine ngokuhlanganyela amanani okugibela aphezulu.
Amasheya ekhodi kanye nemifelandawonye yomhlaba wonke ayiziningi ezinye izindlela eziyinkimbinkimbi esikhundleni sokuhlanganisa ngokugcwele kodwa zisebenzisa amasu afanayo avumelana nabathengi ukuze agcwalise iphilisi elibabayo lokunikeza izinketho ezimbalwa zokuhamba kubagibeli.
Abasekeli bokuhlanganisa bathi ayikho enye indlela yokunqoba inkinga yomthamo oweqile. Le mpikiswano yakhelwe ukuzuza ukuzwelana nomphakathi kodwa iyadukisa kakhulu. Abathwali bezindleko eziphansi baye babonisa izikhathi eziningi ukuthi abahambi abasha bagcwala ezikhumulweni zezindiza lapho kunikezwa imali yokugibela ekhangayo.
Ama-monopolists afisa ukukhawulela abagibeli eqoqweni elihlala lincipha lezinketho zokuhamba, becindezela abaningi bethu esihlalweni esiphakathi nendawo ngenkathi sikhokhisa amanani aphezulu. Ukuqeda ukukhululwa okuningi okulwa nokwethenjwa okujatshulelwa i-Wall Street kuyisihloko esikhulu e-Washington namuhla, singakhohlwa ukuthi izinkampani zezindiza ziphinde zakhohlisa kanjani imakethe ngenkathi zenza eyazo imithetho.
U-Carl Finamore uthathe umhlalaphansi e-United Airlines, esebenza njengoMongameli (ret), Abasebenzi Bezokuthutha Zomoya, I-Local Lodge 1781, IAMAW. Indawo imele abasebenzi base-United, Northwest, US Airways, kanye ne-Alaska ezikhumulweni zezindiza ze-SFO, SMF, OAK, SJC kanye ne-RNO. Njengamanje uyisithunywa kuMkhandlu Wezabasebenzi waseSan Francisco, AFL-CIO. Angafinyelelwa ku [i-imeyili ivikelwe]
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa kuphela ngokuphana kwabafundi bayo.
Nikela