Umzuliswano wokuqala wokhetho lukaMengameli waseFrance kulindeleke ukuba ube ngeSonto. Ukuvota kwakamuva kukhombisile ukuthi umongameli wophiko lwesokudla uNicolas Sarkozy kanye nombangi wakhe omaphakathi kwesokunxele uFrançois Hollande bazimisele ngokuwina ithikithi labo lomzuliswano wesibili (ngokuqeda okokuqala noma kwesibili noma bathole ngaphezu kuka-20%). Nakuba bobabili okwamanje bevota kuma-20s aphezulu, ukucasuka akukhishwe ngokuphelele njengoba umkhankaso ubonise ukwesekwa okuqinile kwabangaphandle abathathu abakhulu: isikhungo uFrançois Bayrou, kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu kwesokunxele UJean-Luc Mélenchon futhi ngokwedlulele kwesokudla Marine Le Pen. Nakuba u-Hollande kuze kube manje enqabile ukwamukela ipolitiki yophiko lwesokunxele, uSarkozy usanda kwenza igxathu elicacile lokubuyisela abavoti bakaLe Pen.
The New York Times kuphawulwe ku Umhleliukuthi 'uMnu. USarkozy akanankinga nokungabi nangqondo noma unya uma kusho ukuthi angakwazi ukuxebula abanye babavoti [bakaLe Pen]. Besekucacile ukuthi umengameli ubhekise kubavoti abafanele kakhulu ukuthi bazitholele ithikithi lokungena emzuliswaneni wesibili kanye nokuwina okuyigugu kowokuqala. Imizamo kaNicolas Sarkozy ayizange ibonakale emhlabeni wonke futhi yaholela ekugxekweni okuqinile, Wall Street Journal ngisho ukumbiza'Nicolas Le Pen'. Nokho ngokokuqala ngqa ngasekupheleni kukaMashi, naphezu kwalokhu kumenyezelwa okuhlazisayo, imibonoukhombise uSarkozy phambili emzuliswaneni wokuqala, njengoba ukwesekwa uLe Pen kwehle kusuka ku-19% ngo-Okthoba nyakenye, kuya ku-14% ekuqaleni kuka-April.
Ukuphusha isikhundla sakhe sobungcweti njengoba aphatha ngempumelelo ngo-2007, uSarkozy wayesekulungele futhi ukulimaza izicucu zakhe zamazwe ngamazwe. Ngokuvumelana noJean-Marie Le Pen, futhi njengoba ayenzile emkhankasweni ka-2007, waphinda ukuhlasela kwakhe ngokumelene 'nesiko lokuphenduka', futhi. limenyezelwengokuziqhenya ukuthi iFrance akufanele 'iphenduke ngenxa yempi yase-Algeria'. Ukushintsha kwakhe kwesokudla akuzange kuwaphephise ngisho nabalingani bakhe baseYurophu; ukunciphisa ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe, yena esongelwaukukhipha iFrance esivumelwaneni se-Schengen, esivumela ukugeleza kwamahhala kwabantu phakathi kwamalungu ezwe angama-26 e-European Union.
Isu likaSarkozy alimangazi futhi lingase libe yimpumelelo. Ngaphambi kukaMashi lapho izilinganiso zingezinhle, ukukhethwa kabusha kuka-Sarkozy kwabonakala kungenakwenzeka. Ubonakale engakwazi ukuphinda avuse intshiseko ka-2007 eyayimnike igunya eliqinile. Ngemva kweminyaka emine bephethe, abaningi balabo ababephendukele kumongameli owayematasatasa bazizwa bedangele futhi babehlela ukubuyela ezindleleni zabo zokuvota ezivamile noma ukungavoti. Ngenkathi eqhubeka nokukhuluma ngomlomo wakhe ngepolitiki yakhe evulekile futhi ethembisa ukumema abantu abaningi abaphakathi nendawo nabaphiko lwesokunxele kuhulumeni wakhe, uSarkozy wayelokhu ebheke kakhulu kubavoti bakaMarine Le Pen.
Ngemuva komthelela we-Front National kubavoti be-UMP ngo-2011 ukhetho lwesifunda, lapho iqembu lika-Le Pen lizuze ngaphezu kuka-15% wamavoti, ukubaluleka kwepolitiki yodumo kwaphinde kwagcizelelwa emkhankasweni kaSarkozy. Lokhu kuboniswe ngokuqokwa kwelungelo elikhulu UPatrick Buissonnjengomeluleki, kanye nokugcwala kwabezindaba okuhlelwe umeluleki okhethekile kaMongameli u-Henry Guaino kanye noNgqongqoshe Wezangaphakathi Nezangaphandle u-Claude Guéant, bobabili ababe neqhaza elikhulu ekunqobeni kukaSarkozy ngo-2007. UGuaino wenza izinto Kucacileekuqaleni: 'kuyiqiniso ukuthi emphakathini osezimeni ezinzima, ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe kuyinkinga'. Howardesque, Guéant wenqaba ukuthi isikhundla esinjalo mayelana nokuthuthela kwelinye izwe singahlotshaniswa 'nokuzondwa kwabokufika'; esikhundleni, wamemezela ukuthi kungokwemvelo ukuthi amaFulentshi 'afuna iFrance ihlale iFrance'. Amazwi akhe ayengaqondile nje ukudala Omunye, isitha, kodwa wanika wonke umuntu ongumFulentshi imvume yokuveza ubandlululo olungenangqondo ngokukhululekile. Ku-Guaino, i ukubalulekaokhethweni lwango-2012 bekukhumbuza inkulumo ka-Le Pen ye-apocalyptic:
Ingqikithi yokhetho lwango-2012 ithi: singabhekana kanjani nenkinga yomphakathi, inkinga yokuzazi, isimo esibucayi sokuziphatha, inkinga yempucuko esibhekene nayo njengamanje. Imayelana nokuthi iziphi izimfanelo, ibuphi ubuntu okufanele umuntu abe nabo ukuze abhekane naleli zwe eliyingozi esingena kulo.
Ukuphuma ngaphandleU-Le Pen ngokwakhe, u-Guéant ungeze, ngenxa 'yengqondo evamile kanye nokusobala', iphimbo elingenakuphikwa lokucwasa ngokwebala kunkulumo yakhe, lapho ememezela ukuthi 'zonke izimpucuko azilingani ngokubaluleka'. Yiqiniso, wacacisa ukuthi wayengabhekiseli noma yiliphi isiko ikakhulukazi, kodwa wagcizelela ngokushesha ukubaluleka kokuvinjelwa kwe-hijab ezindaweni zomphakathi, kanye nemithandazo yasemgwaqweni. Ngemva kosuku, Sarkozy KuqinisekisiweIphuzu likaGuéant lalimane 'liwumqondo ovamile'.
Ngendlela efanayo, isiphakamiso sokunikeza ilungelo lokuvota kubantu bakwamanye amazwe sachazwa ngamagama amaningi aseManichean. USarkozy waba nomuzwa wokuthi kwakuzoba 'igalelo kwiRiphabhulikhi', exhumanisa ukucabanga kwakhe okungajwayelekile nenkinga ye-burqa.Ku-Guéant, kuholele'Ukudla kwe-halal okuyimpoqo ekudleni okuphakelwa ezindaweni zokudlela zesikole':
abantu bakwamanye amazwe kumele bamukele imithetho yethu, yibona okumele bavumelane nezimo. Wonke umuntu uyaqonda ukuthi uma samukela abantu abavela kwamanye amazwe abambalwa, izinto zizoba ngcono […] ukuqonda okufanele kufakwe ekuphathweni kwezindaba zomphakathi.
Sarkozy kuvunyelwene: 'kunabokufika abaningi kakhulu endaweni yethu', futhi yethembisa ukunciphisa ngohhafu abafika kwamanye amazwe. Yiqiniso, umfokazi wayengeyena noma yimuphi isifiki; kwakuyiMuslim kuphela, okwenza ukuthi lolu hlobo lwabantu bokufika lungakwazi ukuhlala kulo yethu intando yeningi: 'ukwanda kwenani [lamaMuslim] kanye nezinhlobo ezithile zokuziphatha [kuyinkinga]'.
Eboleka okwengeziwe ku-Le Pen, futhi ngemva kweminyaka ecishe ibe mihlanu engumongameli futhi isikhathi eside ekuhulumeni, uSarkozy usazama ukuzethula njengomele ukhetho 'lokuqhekeka', umuntu ozongenela ukhetho ngokumelene nezikhulu. Ukufeza lokhu, iziphakamiso eziningi ze-populist zengezwe emkhankasweni. Ngenkathi muva nje ephikisanayoembonweni wereferenda, uSarkozy ehlongozwayoemkhankasweni wakhe wokubuza 'abantu' ukuthi ngabe imihlomulo yokungasebenzi kufanele iguqulwe yini ukuze kuphoqeleke ukuthi abangasebenzi babuyele emsebenzini. Lokho ingxenye yalabo abafanelekileungafuni izinzuzo ezincane zokungasebenzi eziphunyukile enkulumweni kaSarkozy edumile, esikhundleni salokho eqoke abantu abangenakuzivikela kakhulu emphakathini njengabavilaphayo nabazuzayo ngemali yabakhokhi bentela.
Akhe ukuhlaselwakwabampofu kwaphindeka kabili lapho beqondiswe kwabakwamanye amazwe abahlomula ngenani elincane lempesheni yomhlalaphansi. Ku-Sarkozy, 'kwakungeyona into evamile ukuthi umuntu ofika eFrance eneminyaka engu-60 athole impesheni yomhlalaphansi enkulu kunomfelokazi womlimi owachitha impilo yakhe ekhokha intela futhi onempesheni encane'. USarkozy ukhohliwe ukusho ukuthi umfelokazi naye ubenelungelo lokuhola impesheni enikezwa bonke abantu, okunciphise umthelela wengxabano yakhe. Ngaso leso sikhathi, uSarkozy uphinde wagcizelela ukugxeka kwakhe uhlelo lwezobulungiswa futhi wafunga ukuthi generalize'amajaji abantu', esinye isiphakamiso ahlulekile ukusisebenzisa ngesikhathi enegunya, kodwa esinye isiqiniseko sokuthi uzokhuluma nabavoti baseLe Pen. Ekugcineni, eyakhe Isiphakamisoukuthola ivoti lomthetho elilinganayo kwaba enye into engemuva, kodwa uphawu olungenakuphikiswa ku-Front National kanye nabavoti bayo, ababeyibiza amashumi eminyaka.
Njengoba sekusele isonto ukuthi kuqale umzuliswano wokuqala, uSarkozy ukubeke kwacaca ukuthi uzobe ethembele evotini elifanele kakhulu emzuliswaneni wokuqala. Ukwehlisa ukwesaba kwabavoti bakhe abalinganiselayo, abanye abeluleki bakhe baphawule ukuthi umkhankaso wakhe womzuliswano wesibili uzoba maphakathi, ukuze angenele ukhetho lukaFrançois Bayrou. Yize kungacaci ukuthi uSarkozy uyaqinisa noma uyalimaza yini imiphumela kaLe Pen emzuliswaneni wokuqala, kuqinisekile ukuthi unikeze imibono yakhe ukuba semthethweni okwengeziwe, futhi lokhu akukwazi ukumela ikusasa lepolitiki yaseFrance neyaseYurophu.
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Nikela