It ingenye yezinkulumo ezijwayelekile zenhlangano yezepolitiki yase-U.S. ukuthi inqubomgomo yethu ku-Israel kanye namaPalestine ibuswa isifiso sethu "sokuvikela ukuphepha kuka-Israyeli." Vele, isidingo sokuvikela "ukuphepha kwezwe" kwethu kuyizaba kanye nesembozo sesabelomali esikhulu samasosha ase-US, inethiwekhi yezisekelo zamasosha emhlabeni wonke, ukusekelwa kwe-NATO ekhulayo, kanye nezimpi eziqhubekayo-zonke. kude kakhulu ne-United States. Igama elithi "ukuphepha" lihlinzeka ngengubo yokulala evikelayo efihla ubuqiniso bezinhloso ezinhle kanye nezokunweba. Njengaku-“Hoover’s law” (J. Edgar Hoover)—ukuthi inani lamaKhomanisi liba mbalwa, likhulu usongo lwamaKhomanisi—ngokufanayo ne-National Security. Uma sikhulu isabelomali sezempi yase-U.S. kanye nokufinyelela emphakathini, kuyanda ukwesaba ukunganaki "izinsongo" ezingase zibonakale zingakufanelekeli ukunakwa amandla amakhulu. I-United States yaze yahlasela iGrenada, inhloko-dolobha yomhlaba wonke, ngenxa yesithakazelo seNational Security.
Kodwa nakuba leli gama linobuhle obuhlala bukhubaza noma yikuphi ukuphikiswa kwesikhungo, amandla ezomnotho nawezombangazwe abusayo ekuhlanzeni indawo yokutshalwa kwezimali "ekuvikelweni kokuvikeleka," kungakhathaliseki ukuthi leli zwe noma lakwa-Israyeli. Lapha, amandla empi yezempi-yezimboni kanye nabasondelene nabo kwezombusazwe, ezezimali, abezindaba, kanye nemiphakathi yezemfundo baye bajwayela isabelomali esikhulu nesikhulayo kanye nezimpi eziqhubekayo. Endabeni yakwa-Israyeli, amandla e-Pro-Israel Lobby; ukungena phakathi kwebhizinisi lase-U.S. nelakwa-Israel, ezezimali, ukuthuthukiswa kwezikhali, nokuhlelwa kwezempi namasu; kanye nokutshala nokucindezelwa kwabezindaba nosopolitiki kunikeze abaholi bakwa-Israel amandla amangalisayo phezu kwezinqubomgomo zase-U.S. ezihambisana nezintshisakalo zabo.
Ukucwasa Okubi
OIsici esingaphansi kakhulu sokushaywa kwezigubhu kwabaholi bezombangazwe base-US, kanye nalabo be-EU, ekugcizeleleni ukuphuthuma kokuvikela ukuphepha kuka-Israyeli, ukucwasa kwayo okusobala. Izikhulu zase-US ziphinda usuku nosuku ukuthi "ubumbano" lwethu no-Israyeli "buyisibopho esingenakunyakaziswa," ukuthi akukho "sikhala" phakathi kwethu no-Israyeli ezindabeni, nokuthi "sizinikele ngokuphelele ekuvikelekeni kuka-Israyeli" (u-Hillary Clinton ). Ingxenye enkulu yengqungquthela kanye neSenethi ivela njalo emihlanganweni ye-American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC) ukuze ithembise ukwethembeka ku-Israyeli, kanti iPhini likaMongameli uJoseph Biden umemezele esidlangalaleni ukuthi "uyiZiyoni," u-Israyeli "eyisikhungo somsebenzi wami njenge uSenator wase-United States futhi manje njengesekela likamongameli wase-United States."
Kulandela isiphakamiso sakamuva phakathi kuka-Obama noNetanyahu, i-AIPAC ithole ngaphezu kwengxenye yesithathu yengqungquthela yase-US ukuthi isayine incwadi ethi makuqedwe ukugxekwa komphakathi kuka-Israyeli kanye "nokuqiniswa" komfelandawonye okusekelwe "kumagugu ajwayelekile," njll. amagama ale ncwadi alandela eduze kwaleyo ethunyelwe yi-AIPAC. Ingabe ukuzibophezela okugxiliswe yiZiyoni kanye nelakwa-Israel, ukuhlonipha i-AIPAC, kanye nezithembiso ezihlukahlukene zokwethembeka ku-Israyeli kuyahambisana nesifungo sesikhundla e-United States esithathwe yilaba baholi bezombusazwe? UJenene uDavid Petraeus muva nje futhi ngokuphoxayo wathi ukuzibophezela ku-Israyeli kulimaze izithakazelo zezokuphepha zezwe lase-U.S.: "Le ngxabano idala imizwa emelene namaMelika ngenxa yombono wokukhetha kwe-US ku-Israyeli." Lokhu kungasho ukuthi kungenzeka kube nokuziphatha okushushiswayo ohlangothini lwe-Biden kanye nezinye izithembiso ezithakazelweni zakwa-Israyeli, nakuba kungadingeki ukusho ukuthi lokhu ngeke kwenzeke esinyathelweni somthetho.
Kodwa isici sokucwasa ezithembisweni sidume kabi. "Ukuphepha" kwePalestine akukhulunywa yizifungo nezishoshovu zobumbano bakwa-Israel, nakuba ama-Israel kudala ehlukumeza amaPalestine, ethatha umhlaba namanzi awo ngenkani, futhi nakuba kucace bha ukuthi amaPalestine adinga ukuvikelwa kwezokuphepha, njengoba enza. abe namashumi eminyaka. Abantu basePalestine bangabantu ngokusobala abangebona abantu, i-untermenschen, abangaphathwa kabi ngaphandle komkhawulo noma isijeziso kubahlukumezi. Abavakashi baseNingizimu Afrika sekuyiminyaka bethi uhlelo lobandlululo lwama-Israel olwabekwa amaPalestine lubi kakhulu kunalolo olwalungaphansi kombuso wobandlululo owashiya eNingizimu Afrika. Iningi lama-Israyeli lisho into efanayo.
Kodwa lokhu akwenzanga lutho emazweni aseNtshonalanga, abaholi bawo abaqhubeka nokusho ukuzinikela kwabo kwezokuphepha kwa-Israel ngendlela abangeke bayiveze obala lapho besebenzelana neNingizimu Afrika endala. Lapho, inhlangano yaseNtshonalanga, ngenkathi ivikela buthule umbuso wobandlululo, kwadingeka yenze lokhu ngaphandle kokusho ukuzinikela ekuvikeleni "ukuphepha" kombuso wobandlululo. Ukucwasa kwabo ngokwebala kwembulwa ikakhulukazi emigomeni yabo nasekuhleleni kwezombusazwe, njengokweseka iNingizimu Afrika e-Angola naseNamibia, ukusebenzisana nayo ezinhlelweni zezobunhloli kanye “nezokulwa namaphekula”, kanye nokuyivikela ngokusemandleni ekujezisweni nasekugwetshweni.
Nge-Israel, iNtshonalanga ibambe iqhaza ekusekeleni umbuso owephula i-Fourth Geneva Convention nsuku zonke kanye nangeminyaka eminingi, ishaya indiva umbono weNkantolo Yamazwe Ngamazwe (kanye nomphakathi wamazwe ngamazwe) ezindabeni ezinjengodonga, ngokuqhubekayo ithatha umhlaba namanzi kubantu basePalestine futhi inikeze kubahlali abangamaJuda, futhi bahlasele ngokukhululekile emingceleni ngokuhlasela, izimpi, nezinhlelo zokubulala.
Ezingxoxweni zakamuva ngesimemezelo sikahulumeni wakwa-Israel sokwakhiwa kwezindlu eziyi-1,600 eMpumalanga yeJerusalema, ukunaka kwemithombo yezindaba yaseNtshonalanga kwakungokwenhlamba kukaJoseph Biden (noMongameli Obama) owayevakashele, kanye nomphumela wokuhlehla " izingxoxo eziseduze." Kuncane noma kwangashiwo lutho ngeqiniso lokuthi wonke la mayunithi ayengamaJuda—ukuthi nakuba ukuxoshwa kwamaPalestine eMpumalanga yeJerusalema kube inqubo ehlala isikhathi eside, njengoba uGideon Levy esho, “akumele sikhohlwe ukuthi lesi sakhiwo esikhulukazi. Umsebenzi eJerusalema owamaJuda kuphela; akukho neyodwa indawo yasePalestine eyakhiwe eminyakeni engu-43 ibuswa. Akumele lokho kubizwe ngobandlululo?"
U-Levy uyanezela, “Ngisho nomlingo omusha nesixazululo esiwubuwula sengcweti enkulu yamagama, uMongameli uShimon Peres, asizange sincenge muntu: U-Israyeli, umongameli manje utshela izivakashi zakhe ezivela phesheya, unelungelo lokwakha ‘ezindaweni zamaJuda. Mnu. Mongameli, baba kanjani amaJuda, bonke besemhlabeni wasePalestine, uma kungenjalo ngokuhlala okukhulu, ngokungemthetho, njengase-Ariel, Ma'aleh Adumim naseGush Etzion, manje esesiphakathi 'kwemvumelwano' esiyisungulele yona. ngokwethu? Ukuvumelana? Kwa-Israyeli kuphela. Futhi ngezinga elikhulu lokhu kuvumelana, futhi, kuye kwaqanjwa" ("UNetanyahu wenza into eyodwa kahle engqungqutheleni yaseJerusalema," Haaretz, Mashi 21, 20l0).
Kusuka ku-Orwell
TIsisekelo sobandlululo senqubomgomo yakwa-Israel sijwayelekile eNtshonalanga ekhanyiselwe, sisizwa izimangalo mayelana "nenqubo yokuthula," "izingxoxo eziseduze," kanye "nezingxoxo" okufanele ziqalwe kabusha ngosizo "lomthengisi othembekile." Konke lokhu kuvele ku-Orwell, noma mhlawumbe i-Kafka. Ayikho inqubo yokuthula noma izingxoxo zangempela ngoba abaholi bakwa-Israyeli abafuni ukuxazululwa noma imingcele, okungaphazamisa ukufuduka kwabo okuqhubekayo kwe-untermenschen kanye nekoloni yaseWest Bank. Lokhu kuye kwaba sobala kunoma ubani ongagqoki izimpumputhe ezizibekela yona, ekumeni okuqhubekayo kwa-Israel kanye nezinsolo zokungakwazi ukuthola umlingani. Kusobala ekuzicabangeleni kwama-Israel ekuntshontsheni nasekuphuceni umhlaba, okuyinto elula kakhulu emazweni adliwe kunokuba kube ngemingcele ehleliwe. Kubuye futhi ngezinye izikhathi kuvunywe ngisho nabaholi bakwa-Israel, njengasesitatimendeni sikameluleki kaSharon u-Dov Weisglas: “Ukubaluleka kohlelo lukaSharon [lokuphuma eGaza] wukuqiniswa kwenqubo yokuthula…. I-Disengagement Plan empeleni ihlinzeka nge-formaldehyde lapho bonke abanye izinhlelo [zokuthula] zingabekwa" (Ari Shavit, "The Big Freeze," Haaretz, Okthoba 8, 2004).
UThomas Friedman uthi ukuthula kwabakwa-Israel muva nje sekuyinto "yokuzilibazisa," kunokuba "isidingo." Bathola ukuthi bangaphila ngenjabulo ngaphandle kokuthula futhi badunyazwa “ukuwohloka kwenqubo yokuthula yase-Oslo, ehlangene nokuhoxa kwa-Israyeli okuhlangene eLebanon naseGaza—okungalandelwanga ukuthula, kodwa ukuhlasela kwamarokhethi yiHezbollah neHamas kwa-Israyeli. —ukucekela phansi ikamu lokuthula lika-Israyeli kanye namaqembu ezombusazwe ahambisana nayo” (“Intokozo Noma Isidingo?,” I-NYT, Mashi 28, 2010). KuFriedman, u-Israyeli wayenelungelo lokuba seLebanon naseGaza—wayenobudlova namalungelo okuhlala. Ngakho ukuphuma kwawo kwakugcwele ukuphana nokuthula; hhayi, esimweni sangaphambili esisekelwe ekungasebenziseki futhi ekugcineni "i-formaldehyde" ukuze "imise" inqubo yokuthula. Ukuthi ukuqhubeka kokuhlasela kwama-Israel, ukubulala, ukuboshwa, inqubo yokuphucwa umhlaba, nokuvinjwa kweGaza kungenzeka kukhiqize amarokhethi akuvumelekile. Lokho kudala ukuthula bekuyisidingo ku-Israel, kodwa ngandlela thize bekungatholakali, mhlawumbe ngenxa “yokungalaleli” kanye “nobuphekula” basePalestine, kuwukuxolisa kohlanga njengamahlaya agulayo.
Akekho "umdayisi oqotho" kule "nqubo yokuthula" yomgunyathi—ukuthengisa okuqotho akuhambisani "nobumbano" obuphelele kanye "nokuzinikela okumaphakathi" ohlangothini olulodwa. Uma kubhekwa ukungalingani kwamandla phakathi kwe-Israel nePalestine, ukuxazulula kuzodinga ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ase-US ngokuphambene nezifiso zobuholi bakwa-Israel. Lokhu akuhambisani nomfelandawonye oseduze kanye nokungabikho kwanoma iyiphi "isikhala" phakathi kwe-Israel ne-United States. Eqinisweni, ubumbano luboniswa ukuzenzisa ukuthi inqubo yokuthula inenjongo ngaphandle kwengcindezi enzima eqenjini elinamandla. Lokhu ukuzenzisa, kanye nokuhlinzekwa kwezikhali nokuvikela ngokobuzwe kwanoma yini eyenziwa yi-Israel, kuyisici esibucayi salokho okumele kuthathwe njengenhlangano ehlangene yakwa-Israel-U.S. uhlelo lokuphucwa umhlaba kwabasePalestine.
Le nqubo yokucwasa ngokwebala ibuye ijwayeleke ngokuhlanekezela umlando. Umugqa owodwa obalulekile wokuhlanekezela okungelona iqiniso yizinsolo zokubusa kobushokobezi nodlame lwasePalestine, lapho i-Israel iphendula nje kulobu buphekula. Eqinisweni, udlame oluyinhloko ukuphucwa kwe-Israel, okuthathe umhlaba namanzi asePalestine amashumi eminyaka, ngaphansi kokuvikelwa kwe-US nezinye izifundazwe ezikhanyisiwe.
Ngokuhamba kweminyaka, amaPalestine amelana, ikakhulukazi ngokuthula, ngezinye izikhathi ngodlame, kodwa ngezinga eliphezulu kakhulu lokulimala kwabantu basePalestine abangahlomile kahle (ngaphezu kuka-20-1 ngaphambi kwe-intifada yesibili, lapho izinga lehla laya ku-3 noma 4 kuya ku-1 —ikhuphukela ku-100 kuya koyedwa empini yaseGaza). Ama-Israel aye adinga izinga elithile lodlame lwasePalestine ukuze athethelele ukungena kwawo okuqhubekayo ezweni lasePalestine, futhi iNtshonalanga ekhanyiselwe ngomusa iye yavumela lokhu kungenela kanye nokuphucwa umhlaba njengengxenye yokusabela "kobuphekula." Abakwa-Israel baphinde badinga ukuvikela noma yikuphi ukuxazululwa kwemingcele okuxoxiswene ngakho nezwe elicatshangelwayo lasePalestine. Kodwa, futhi, izifundazwe ezikhanyisiwe ziwudlale umdlalo wenqubo yokuthula, ngaphandle kokufaka ingcindezi encane ku-Israyeli ukuthi azinze ngempela, ngaleyo ndlela anikeze ikhava yokuqhubeka nokuphucwa umhlaba kanye nokuhlanzwa kohlanga.
Ngakho-ke lokhu kusetshenziswa ukucwasa ngokobuhlanga yi-Israel kanye naseNtshonalanga. Iphendulela ekhanda ukuzinikela kwaseNtshonalanga okusanda kushiwo kukho kokubili "ukungenelela kosizo" kanye "nelungelo lokuvikela." Ukungenelela kwayo kusekela kancane kancane udlame lombuso wakwa-Israel olubhekiswe kubantu abahlala emazweni aseNtshonalanga abalwela ukuqhubeka nokuphuca izikhali, kodwa abadinga kakhulu ukuvikelwa. Lokhu futhi kuyicala lakudala lokuhlanzwa kohlanga, okwenziwa ngendlela ehlelekile futhi obala yibutho lesihlanu ngobukhulu emhlabeni ngokumelene neqembu lesizwe elingahlomile. INtshonalanga iyaqhubeka nokusekela le nqubo yokuhlanza, ize inikeze nosizo olusebenzayo.
Ukuhlanzwa kohlanga njengokuthi "Usongo Lwezokuvikela"
Tyakhe futhi kusho ukuthi ukuvikela "ukuphepha" kuka-Israyeli kungamanga wesigaba sokuqala-i-United States kanye neNtshonalanga kunalokho kuvikela imisebenzi yokuhlanza uhlanga lwakwa-Israyeli. Njengoba nje i-Israel inanoma yikuphi usongo lwezokuphepha, kuwumphumela wokwenqaba kwayo ukuqeda ukuhlanzwa kobuhlanga nokwenza ukuthula namaPalestina kanye nabanye omakhelwane bayo.
Kuyaziwa ukuthi amazwe ama-Arab anikeze u-Israyeli uhlelo oluphelele lokuxazulula nokuthula olwahlanganisa u-Israyeli ukuyeka ukudla kwawo umhlaba ngemva kuka-1967 ukuze athole ukuqashelwa ngokugcwele kanye nokuxazulula ukuthula. Abakwa-Israel bakunqabile lokhu futhi baqhubeka nemashi yabo yokuhlanzwa kohlanga.
Ngabe ukuphenduka okusha ebudlelwaneni base-US-Israel-okumakwe ngempama kaNetanyahu ebusweni bukaBiden ngesikhathi evakashele kwa-Israel, isiphakamiso sikaPetreaus sokuthi izinqubomgomo zakwa-Israel zilimaza izithakazelo zaseMelika, ukuhwebelana okusolakala ukuthi akunabungane phakathi kukaNetanyahu no-Obama, kanye nezimfuno ezintsha zase-US I-Israel—iguqule ukusekelwa okunesikhathi eside kwe-US kwenqubo yokuhlanzwa kohlanga?
Kuyangabaza. Izimo zesakhiwo aziguquki, amandla e-Lobby asemakhulu, ipolitiki yakwa-Israel ibheke ngakwesokunene, izithakazelo zabahlali kanye namandla kunamandla, futhi indawo yokuqondisa ekukhiqizeni izingxoxo ezingaletha izwe elisebenzayo lasePalestine lincane.
Izikhungo zezepolitiki zaseMelika kanye nezakwa-Israel zombili ziyavuma ukuthi i-Iran iyingozi enkulu. Incwadi yakamuva esekwe ku-Hoyer-Cantor-AIPAC ibiza ubumbano oluthe xaxa lokuhlanzwa kwezinhlanga igcizelela ukuthi, "Ngaphezu kwakho konke, kufanele sihlale sigxile ekusongelweni okubangelwa uhlelo lwezikhali zenuzi lwase-Iranian ukuthula nokuzinza kwe-Middle East." Kungenzeka yini ukuthi u-Obama angathola enye "impumelelo" ngokwenza u-Israyeli avume ukumisa izindawo zokuhlala futhi axoxisane namaPalestine abathandayo ukuze athole impi ngokumelene ne-Iran?