TUgqame inkanyezi futhi wakhala ethi Londoloza iDarfur futhi "ukumisa ukuqothulwa kohlanga" uthole ukuthandwa okukhulu kwabezindaba zase-US kanye nokusekelwa kwezinhlangothi ezimbili kuCongress kanye ne-White House. Kodwa i-Congo, enama-Afrika amaningi aphindwe kashumi kuya kwamashumi amabili ngesikhathi esifanayo, ayibizwa ngokuthi "i-genocide" futhi idlula cishe ingabonakali. ISudan ihlezi phezu kwamachibi kawoyela. Inenqwaba ye-uranium nezinye izimbiwa, imithombo yamanzi ebalulekile, kanye nendawo enamasu aseduze kawoyela nezinsizakusebenza eziningi zase-Afrika. Umbuzo ongabuzwa ukuthi ingabe izikhulu zenqubomgomo yezangaphandle yeRiphabhulikhi kanye neDemocratic Foreign Policy zisebenzisa izimangalo zokuqothulwa kohlanga futhi zinxusa โukungenelela kosizoโ ukuze kugcotshwe indlela ezimpini ezilandelayo zikawoyela nezinsiza ezwenikazi lase-Afrika.
Ukwenziwa njalo kanye nokugcinwa njalo kwamaqiniso angamanga enkonzweni yombuso wase-US kuwumsebenzi owumgogodla womsebenzi wobudlelwane bomphakathi kanye nemithombo yezindaba yebhizinisi. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izindaba ezingamanga ezimayelana nezidakamizwa ezimangalisayo nokuthi amakhemikhali anobuthi akulungele kangakanani noma izihlabani zaseHollywood ezikhuthaza ukungenelela kwezempi ukuze kusindiswe izintandane zase-Afrika, kuyasiza ukubhekisisa ngemuva kwefacade.
Phakathi kwamaqiniso akamuva angamanga aphushwa kubantu baseMelika izithombe ezilula zokuqothulwa kohlanga kwabaNsundu ngokumelene nama-Arab eDarfur kanye nesixazululo esihlongozwayo: ukungenelela okuqinile okusekelwe yi-US noma okuholwa yi-US eNtshonalanga Sudan. Ekugcineni, ukucutshungulwa okwandayo kugxile endaweni yokwamukela izivakashi i-Save Darfur kanye ne-Save Darfur Coalitionโabasunguli bayo, ezezimali, izindlela nezisusa zayo, kanye nokuba neqiniso. Nazi izizathu eziyishumi zokusola ukuthi umkhankaso we-Save Darfur uwumkhonyovu we-PR wokuthethelela ukungenelela kwe-US e-Afrika.
1. Bekungeke kube amanga Amakhulu okuqala uhulumeni wethu kanye nabemithombo yezindaba basithengise ukuze kuthethelelwe impi.
Abadala phakathi kwethu bangasikhumbula isigameko saseTonkin Gulf, uhulumeni wase-US asishoshozela ngamabomu ukuze kuthethelelwe ukuqala kwempi eVietnam. Lesi sizathu saphumelela ngokushesha ngesidingo sokusiza โintando yeningiโ yosana olwaluzabalaza eNingizimu yeVietnam kanye โnokulwa laphayaโ okusabalulekile ukuze kungadingeki silwe laphaโ umbhedo. Muva nje ukuqhuma kwamabhomu, ukuhlasela, kanye nokusebenza kwe-Afghanistan ne-Iraq kuye kwachazwa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene abantu abahola umphakathi njengoba kudingekile ukuze "uthole uBin Laden" njengendlela yokuziphindiselela ku-9-11, njengezinyathelo zokuthatha "izikhali eziyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni" izandla โzemibuso eyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni,โ njengezinyathelo zokwenza โintando yeningiโ yase-Iraqi ukuthi ikwazi ukuzimela, futhi iyadingeka ngoba kusengcono โukulwa nabo laphaya ukuze kungadingeki silwe nabo. lapha."
2. Bekungeke ngisho kube ngokokuqala ukuthi uhulumeni wase-US nabezindaba basebenzise "ukuvimbela ukuqothulwa kohlanga" njengesizathu sokungenelela kwamasosha endaweni enothe uwoyela.
Ukungenelela kwamasosha ase-US kanye ne-NATO e-Kosovo ngo-1995 kwakuwumsebenzi "wokugcina ukuthula" ukumisa ukubulawa kwabantu. Umphumela ohlala njalo walowo mkhankaso yi-Camp Bondsteel, enye yezisekelo zezempi ezinkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. I-US cishe ukuphela kwezwe emhlabeni eligcina izizinda zamasosha ngaphandle kwemingcele yayo. Ngaphansi nje kwamahektha ayi-1,000, i-Camp Bondsteel inikeza amasosha ase-US ikhono lokubeka ngaphambili inani elikhulu lezinto zokusebenza nezinto ezitholakalayo phakathi nebanga elimangalisayo lamasimu kawoyela e-Caspian, imizila yamapayipi, nezindlela zasolwandle ezifanele.
3. Uma ukumisa ukubulawa kohlanga e-Afrika kwakusohlelweni ngempela, kungani kugxilwe eSudan lapho kufe abantu abangama-200,000 kuye kwangama-400,000, kodwa hhayi neCongo, njengoba sekufe izigidi ezi-5?
"Umbono wokuthi i-quarter million yafa eDarfuri iyisibhicongo kanti izigidi ezinhlanu zaseCongo abafileyo ayiwona unonya futhi awunangqondo," kusho isishoshovu saseCongo uNita Evele. Hhayi impi yombango, iwukuhlasela kwabantu, ibulala abantu abayizigidi ezinhlanu, iphindwe izikhathi ezingamashumi amabili kuneyaseDarfur, eyenzelwe ngenhloso yokuphanga izimbiwa phansi nemithombo yemvelo yaseCongo.โ
Ngaphezu kwakho konke okunye, ukusetshenziswa okukhethiwe nokugxekayo kwegama elithi "ukubulawa kohlanga" kuveza ukujula kobuzenzisi obuzungeze umkhankaso we-Save Darfur. ECongo lapho izigelekeqe zendawo, amasosha ezempi, nezinduna zempiโkanye namabutho ahlaselayo avela e-Uganda, eRwanda, eBurundi, nase-Angolaโebulala, edlwengula abantu abaningi, nasekunciphiseni inani labantu esifundeni ngezinga elenza noma yini eyenzekayo eSudan, bonke abadlali bamagange. qhudelana ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuqhubeka kokukhipha i-coltan ebalulekile kumakhompyutha namaselula aseNtshonalanga, ukuthunyelwa kwe-uranium kwamanye amazwe kuma-reactors nama-nukes aseNtshonalanga, kanye namadayimane, igolide, ithusi, izingodo, nezinye izinsiza zaseCongo.
OwayeyiNxusa leNhlangano Yezizwe u-Andrew Young kanye no-George HW Bush bobabili basebenza ebhodini le-Barrick Gold, okungenye yezinto ezikhathaza kakhulu ngezimayini ezinkulu kakhulu e-Congo ekhungethwe yimpi. Ngokusobala, ngenzuzo evela ekukhishweni ngesihluku kwengcebo yaseCongo egeleza eNtshonalanga, angeke kube khona "ukubulawa kohlanga" kwaseCongo okufanele kuphawulwe, kungasaphathwa ukuphazamisa. Ngezinhloso zabo, abahleli bamasu base-US bangase babheke imodeli yabo yaseCongo njengendlela ekahle yokubamba ingcebo yase-Afrika ngezindleko eziphansi ngaphandle kokukhathazeka kwamasosha asemthethweni ase-US phansi.
4. Imayelana nowoyela waseSudan.
ISudan, kanye nesifunda saseDarfur ikakhulukazi, ihlezi phezu kwechibi lamafutha. Kodwa izizinda zikawoyela zaseSudan azithuthukiswa futhi zibhojwa yi-Exxon noma i-Chevron noma iBritish Petroleum. Amabhange aseShayina, uwoyela, nezinkampani zokwakha zenza imali ebolekiwe, zimba imithombo, futhi zibeka amapayipi okuyisa uwoyela waseSudan lapho zihlose ukuya khona, zibiza isibhamu esiningi kakhulu ekhulwini lama-21 lapho i-US ifisa ukulawula umhlaba. amandla. Ukungenelela kwamasosha ase-US kanye ne-NATO kuzoxazulula leyo nkinga kubahleli base-US.
5. Imayelana ne-uranium yaseSudan, i-gum arabic, nezinye izisetshenziswa zemvelo.
I-Uranium ibalulekile embonini yezikhali zenuzi kanye nophethiloli obalulekile weziphehlimandla zenuzi. ISudan inamadiphozithi aphezulu e-uranium. I-Gum arabic iyisithako esibalulekile kwezemithi, amaswidi kanye neziphuzo ezifana ne-Coca-Cola ne-Pepsi. Ukuthunyelwa kwempahla yaseSudan kwamanye amazwe kungamaphesenti angama-80 okunikezwa komhlaba. Ngenkathi unswinyo lwase-US olubhekiswe kuhulumeni waseSudan lusacutshungulwa ngo-1997, abagqugquzeli bezimboni basukumela phezulu futhi bathola ukukhululwa kumthethosivivinywa wezonswinyo ukuze baqinisekise ukunikezwa kwabo kwe-gum arabic. Kodwa ukuba khona kwamasosha ase-US kanye ne-NATO kuyisiqinisekiso esivikeleke kakhulu sokuthi ukukhishwa kwezinsiza zaseSudan, njengalezo zaseCongo, zigelezela ngasentshonalanga ziye e-US nase-European Union.
6. Imayelana ngendawo yaseSudan.
I-Sudan ihlezi maqondana neSaudi Arabia kanye neGulf States lapho ingxenye enkulu kawoyela okhishwa kalula emhlabeni izoba yiminyaka embalwa eyengeziwe. IDarfur iphinde ibe semngceleni weLibya ne-Chad, ngayinye enemithombo yayo kawoyela emikhulu, ingaphakathi kwebanga elimangalisayo leNtshonalanga ne-Afrika Ephakathi, futhi iyindlela engase ibe amapayipi. Umfula iNayile udabula eSudan ngaphambi kokuba ufinyelele eGibhithe; Imithombo yamanzi yaseSouthern Sudan inokubaluleka kwesifunda, futhi. Ngokusungulwa kwe-AFRICOM, umyalo omusha we-Pentagon wezwekazi lase-Afrika, i-US yenze kwacaca inhloso yayo yokutshala umkhondo wesu lapho. Kusukela ezisekelweni ezihlala njalo zaseSudan, amasosha ase-US angaba nomthelela kwezombusazwe kanye nezomnotho zase-Afrika ezizukulwaneni ezizayo.
7. Abaningi abasekelayo nabasunguli benhlangano ye-Save Darfur baxhumene kahle nabaxhaswa ngezimali zenqubomgomo yezangaphandle yase-US.
Ngokombiko othile Washington Post Indaba kuleli hlobo, โI-Save Darfur (Ubumbano) yasungulwa ngo-2005 ngamaqembu amabili akhathazekile ngokubulawa kwabantu ezweni lase-Afrikaโi-American Jewish World Service kanye ne-US Holocaust Memorial Museumโฆ. Umfelandawonye unabasebenzi abangu-30 abanolwazi ngenqubomgomo kanye nobudlelwane bomphakathi. Isabelomali sayo besilinganiselwa ku-$15 million ngonyaka wezimali wakamuvaโฆ. I-Save Darfur ngeke isho ngokuqondile ukuthi yimalini eyisebenzise ezikhangisweni zayo, kuleli sonto ezame ukuhlazisa i-China, eyabamba ama-Olympics ka-2008, ukuze inciphise ukwesekwa kwayo kweSudan. Kodwa umkhulumeli womfelandawonye uthe le mali ifinyelela ezigidini zamaRandi.โ
Nakuba umkhankaso we-Save Darfur PR usebenzisa amasu okukhangisa ngegciwane, ukufinyelela kubafundi basekolishi, ngisho nakubabhali bezincwadi abamnyama, akuyona indaba yaphansi, njengoba kwakunjalo umbutho wokulwa nobandlululo nokweseka izinhlangano zenkululeko zase-Afrika eNingizimu Afrika, eNamibia, e-Angola, kanye neMozambique. Iphezulu kakhulu ngamaKristu evangeli ashumayela impi ezayo yokuphela komhlaba, kanye nezakhi ezaziwa ngokusekela ngokungagxeki ukwenqatshwa kwe-Israel eMpumalanga Ephakathi, inhlangano ye-Save Darfur ibuswa/ilawulwa ukusungulwa ngomkhankaso we-propaganda ochitha imali. izigidi zamaRandi inyanga ngayinye ukwenza imvume yokungenelela kwamasosha ase-US e-Afrika ngaphansi kwengubo yokumisa noma ukuvimbela ukuqothulwa kohlanga.
8. Azikho izimali eziqoqwe yiSave Darfur Coalition ezisiza abantu base-Afrika abaswele eDarfur.
Ngokusho kwezindaba kuzo zombili lezi Washington Post futhi New York Times, โAyikho imali eqoqwe ngabakwaSave Darfur ezosiza izisulu nemindeni yazo. Esikhundleni salokho, umfelandawonye ufaka imali yawo emizamweni yokumela eklanyelwe ukunxenxa ohulumeni ukuthi benze okuthile. โ
9. Iningi labasekeli be-Save Darfur e-US abanandaba nezingxoxo zezepolitiki ukuze kuqedwe ukungqubuzana.
UMongameli Bush uzame ngokusobala nakaningi ukujikijela izinhlaka zenkawu ezingxoxweni zokuthula ukuze kuqedwe impi yaseDarfur. Ngisho nezifundiswa ezisekela ukungenelela kanye nezinhlangano ezisiza abantu ezisebenza phansi ziye zagxeka i-US ngokubeka abasebenzi bosizo oluphuthumayo engozini kanye nokugqugquzela ngempumelelo amaqembu amavukelambuso eDarfur ukuthi enqabe izingxoxo zokuthula futhi abambele ukungenelela kwe-US ne-NATO egameni labo.
Umkhankaso we-PR oveza ukungqubuzana njengombandela wobuhlanga, lapho ama-Arabhu eqothula abantu abamnyama baseSudan, uyashelela, awunamthungo, futhi uyathandeka. Kubonakala kungayishiyi indawo yezingxoxo. Eqinisweni, โama-Arabhuโ amaningi aseSudan, ngisho namaJanjiweed, nawo amnyama. Kunoma ikuphi, ayehlomile futhi adedelwa uhulumeni onamandla okubaphuca izikhali uma ethanda. Ukwenqaba ukukhuluma nabaxoxisana balowo hulumeni kuyindlela eqinisekile yokugwema noma yikuphi ukuxazululwa.
10. IBlackwater kanye nabanye osonkontileka base-US abangamasosha, amaphiko ahlomile angekho emthethweni eqembu laseRiphabhlikhi kanye nePentagon, bafaka izinsiza zabo ngokulangazela.
UChris Taylor, inhloko yophiko lwamasu eBlackwater, uthi inkampani yakhe inesizinda solwazi sezinkulungwane zalabo ababengamaphoyisa nabezempi ukuze benze imisebenzi yezokuphepha. Uthi abasebenzi bakwaBlackwater bangamisa amapherimitha futhi baqaphe amadolobhana aseDarfurian namakamu ababaleki ngokweseka i-UN. Izikhulu zakwaBlackwater zithi ngeke kuthathe amadoda amaningi ukuze avimbele iJanjiweed, ibutho lezempi elisekelwa uhulumeni waseSudan futhi lihlasela izigodi ngamakamela.
Ngokusobala iBlackwater ayidingi ukuya eCongo lapho indlala nokungondleki kahle, ukuncipha kwabantu, ukudlwengulwa kwabantu abaningi, nokunyamalala kwezikole, izibhedlela, kanye nezinhlangano zomphakathi ezindaweni ezingenamthetho ezibuswa yiqembu elishintsha njalo labameleli base-Afrika (njengendodana). ka-Idi Amin ongasekho futhi ongakhaliswanga), usebenza ngaphansi kwesivikelo sokuthula kwabezindaba.
Bheka ukwamukelwa kwemodeli yaseCongo kuzo zonke lezo zindawo ezibanzi zase-Afrika abahleli bamasu base-US abazibiza ngokuthi โizindawo ezingalawulwa.โ Ungalindeli nje ukubona imininingwane ezindabeni zakusihlwa noma ukuzwa ngazo ku-Oprah, George Clooney, noma u-Angelina Jolie.
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UBruce Dixon ungumphathi womhleli we Umbiko we-Black Agenda. Lesi sihloko sivela ku-www.blackagendareport.com.