I-UN General Assembly ivotele kakhulu ukuqeda ukuvalwa kwe-US Economic, Financial and Commercial Embargo yaseCuba. AbaseCuba bathi ukuvinjelwa kwabadla imali engaphezu kuka-$242 million ngo-2008 kuphela. Ukuvinjelwa, kusho iCuba, kwenza imali yakwamanye amazwe ingatholakali ngenxa yokuthi abatshalizimali babhekana nezijeziso ezingase zibe khona ngokwenza ibhizinisi neCuba.
Ukuvota kwemibono yomphakathi - umbono webhizinisi ophakeme uyavuma - ubonisa umusa wabaningi ukuhoxisa ukuvinjelwa nokuvinjelwa kohambo. Esikhundleni sokukuchitha, nokho, uMongameli u-Obama kanye noNobhala Wezwe uClinton babambelela efeni labo, ngokwemigomo yenqubomgomo efana nososayensi abagcizelela ukuthi umhlaba uyisicaba.
Akukho okuphumelela njengokwehluleka e-Washington yasebukhosini. UGeorge W. Bush ubonise ukwehluleka esikoleni nasebhizinisini. NjengoMbusi waseTexas, wengamele ukubulawa kwabantu abaningi kunanoma yimuphi umbusi wangaphambili. NjengoMongameli, waba ihlaya elinonya - emhlabeni. Uncome iNduna uMichael Brown โโWenza umsebenzi oncomekayo uBrownieโ - ngemuva kokuthi isikhungo sikaBrownie sihlulekile ukuphendula - noma ngisho nokwazi - ngeSiphepho uKatrina. Ugcizelele ukuthi i-WMD engekho kanye nezixhumanisi ze-Al-Qaida "ezazifanele" ukuhlasela kwakhe i-Iraq. Wacasula insalela yaseMelika ngokunganaki futhi izinqubomgomo zakhe zokwesulwa kwemithetho zadla umnotho kanye nomzabalazo wemvelo womhlaba. Izinhlekelele zikaBush zathatha iminyaka eyisishiyagalombili.
Inqubomgomo yase-Washington ehlulekile yaseCuba iqhubeke iminyaka engu-49. "Yinike isikhathi," kusho abasekeli bayo.
NgoJulayi 1960, u-Eisenhower wehlisa izinga likashukela waseCuba ukuze ajezise iCuba ngokuphuca izinkampani zase-US. ISoviet Union yangena ngokusemthethweni embangweni we-US-Cuban wokuthenga ushukela waseCuba. Ngo-Okthoba, wabeka isivimbelo esinqunyiwe uKennedy asiqeda ngoFebhuwari 1962, ngaleso sikhathi iCuba yayisiphuce zonke izinkampani zase-US.
Amagama e-embargo abhalwe, nokho, ngoyinki wegazi ongabonakali. Ephendula ngokungalaleli kukaCastro ekuqaleni kuka-1959, u-Eisenhower wayegunyaze abadingiswa baseCuba ukuthi baqalise ukuhlasela kwamaphekula eCuba. Wayala ukuthi kuketulwe umbuso we-CIA ekuqaleni kuka-1960, kodwa wagodla umyalo wokuba kudedelwe abadingiswa baseCuba abayi-1,500 i-CIA eyayiqeqeshelwe ukuhlasela lesi siqhingi.
Ngo-April, ngemva cishe kwezinyanga ezintathu ehhovisi, uMongameli Kennedy wanqotshwa ingcindezi futhi wathumela ababedingisiwe ukuba behlulwe Bay of Pigs, wangcolisa idumela likamongameli osemncane. Esikhundleni sokuzama ukuhlanza leyo ndawo emnyama elandela i-fiasco ngokuvumelana neCuba, uKennedy wafuna ukuziphindiselela: imizamo yokubulala kanye nezinkulungwane zokuhlaselwa kweCuba. Okuxakayo ukuthi, ngaphambi kokuba uKennedy asayine i-embargo yakhe eqinisiwe, wayala ukutholakala kogwayi bakhe abathandayo baseCuba.
Izikhulu zokuphatha zazazi kangcono kunokubuza umbuzo osobala: yini ngempela iCuba eyenze e-United States ukuze ifanele ubuphekula nokuklinywa komnotho? Impendulo ngaleso sikhathi namanje: ukungalaleli; ukuntula inhlonipho; ukwenqaba ukuthobela incazelo kaWashington yeMfundiso Yekhulu Le-19 esayinwe nguMongameli uJames Monroe.
Ngo-August 1961, uFidel wanikela ngegatsha lomnqumo ngenxa yokuhlasela kuhlonyiwe. U-Che Guevara uhlangane no-Richard Goodwin, umeluleki we-JFK waseLatin America. Uma iCuba inqamula ubudlelwano bezempi namaSoviet, iyeka ukuthumela uguquko emazweni angaphandle futhi inxephezele izinkampani zase-US ezidliwe umhlaba, ingabe uKennedy uzoluyeka udlame lwakhe?
U-Kennedy, ephafuza ugwayi u-Che ayemthumelele wona, waphendula. โUbuthakathakaโ esho. "Khulisa ukushisa." Ngemva kwenyanga, uFidel waya endaweni yakhe yokugcina yokuvimbela. UNdunankulu waseSoviet uKhrushchev wamisa imicibisholo yenuzi esiqhingini. Ngo-Okthoba 1962 kwafika Inhlekelele Yezikhali ZaseCuba.
NgoFebhuwari 1963, uKennedy wagunyaza ukuvinjelwa kohambo futhi ngoJulayi wamisa impahla yase-US yaseCuba. Abameli bakaKennedy bamamatheka benecala ngesikhathi uWashington ehlukumeza amazwe aseLatin America ukuthi axoshe iCuba ku-Organisation of American States (OAS) naphezu kokungabikho kwe-OAS Charter yezizathu zokuxosha iCuba. "U-Kennedy uthembele ku-Monroe Doctrine njengesiqondiso esiphezulu esinqoba izinto ezingathi sรญna," uPaul Warnke (uNobhala WokuVikela KaMongameli uJohnson) wangihlohla iso ngo-1980.
UFord noCarter baxegisa i-virgo nokuvinjelwa kohambo. UReagan wabaqinisa kabusha. Omongameli abalandelayo (okuhlanganisa no-Obama) abaphendula ezithakazelweni ezihlukahlukene - kodwa hhayi izintshisekelo zezwe - baphinde babhekana nezikulufu.
UReagan wenza inqubomgomo yaseCuba yangasese, wayidlulisela eWashington waya eCuban American National Foundation eMiami. ICuba yasinda. Abantu baseCuba ababedinga imithi ethile noma imishini yezokwelapha ngokushesha evela e-United States bahlupheka - njengoba kwenza umnotho waseCuba kanjalo nawo wonke amaCuba. Ngawo-1990s, ngazama ngehluleka ukukholisa uKhongolose uRobert Torricelli ukuthi angaphishekeli "uMthethosivivinywa weTorricelli." Ngathi ukuvinjelwa kwalimala abantu abaningi baseCuba ngokwezinto ezibonakalayo. Uthe abantu baseCuba bangathenga izinto zokusebenza okuthiwa zivinjelwe kwenye indawo, wathi inkulumo-ze yaseCuba ikhuthaza "ingxabano ebuhlungu." Ngokunengqondo, uma i-embargo ingazange ilimaze iCuba, kungani igcinwa? Ukujezisa uFidel - ngokomfanekiso!
Ingabe iWashington ichaza impumelelo -njengempi yezidakamizwa? - ngokujabula phakathi namashumi eminyaka yokwehluleka okungaguquki? Ngabe u-Obama uzohlala ebambekile kulelifa lenqubomgomo yaseCuba engahlangani noma abonise ama-cojones?
U-Landau uyiNhlangano Yezifundo Zenqubomgomo kanye nomdidiyeli wamafilimu amathathu ku-Fidel (roundworldproductions.com) U-Counterpunch ushicilele incwadi yakhe ethi: A BUSH AND BOTOX WORLD.