Ngomhla ziyi-11 kuJanuwari, 2010, sathumela isexwayiso sabezindaba esinesihloko esithi, 'Ingabe izingane zase-Afghan zazibulawa amabutho aholwa yi-US? Futhi kungani abezindaba bengenasithakazelo?' http://www.medialens.org/alerts/10/100111_were_afghan_children.php
Lesi sixwayiso sithinta imibiko ethembekile yokuthi amasosha aholwa yiMelika ahudule izingane zase-Afghan emibhedeni yazo azidubula ngesikhathi egasela ebusuku esifundazweni saseKunar empumalanga ye-Afghanistan ngoDisemba 27 ngonyaka odlule. Kwashona abantu abayishumi, okuhlanganisa nabafana besikole abayisishiyagalombili bomndeni owodwa. Siqaphele ukuthi lesi sihluku esisolwayo asizange sishaywe indiva abezindaba bezinkampani, okuhlanganisa ne-BBC.
Ezinyangeni ezimbili ngemuva kokuvela kwalezi zinsolo eziphazamisayo, intatheli yeThe Times uJerome Starkey yafuna amadoda amabili endawo ayeshonelwe izingane zabo nezinye izihlobo. ('I-Nato iyavuma ukuthi ukufa kwabafana abayisi-8 kwakuyiphutha', The Times, February 25, 2010; http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/afghanistan/article7040166.ece). UStarkey umeme amadoda eKabul lapho:
โBanikeze izithombe zamadodana abo ashonile, ibalazwe elidwetshiwe lenkomponi kanye namakhophi amafomu ezicelo zesinxephezelo asayinwe yizikhulu zendawo achaza amagama amadodana abo, izihlobo nezikhundla esikoleni. Indaba yabo yasekelwa imithombo yezempi yaseNtshonalanga.โ
Ngemuva kwemizamo yayo yokuqala eyihlazo yokuphika ukuthi inecala, iNato manje ithi lokhu kugasela kwenziwe ngesisekelo sobuhlakani obunephutha futhi bekungafanele neze kugunyazwe:
โNgokwazi esikwaziyo manje, cishe bekungeke kube ukuhlasela okufanele. Asikholwa manje ukuthi sidube indandatho enkulu.โ
Intatheli yeThe Times ibike ngobufakazi buka-Mohammed Taleb Abdul Ajan, uyise wabafana abathathu ababulawa:
โ'Ngesikhathi ngingena ekamelweni labo ngabona abantu abane belele beyinqwaba,' kusho uTaleb. 'Ngabanyakazisa ngimemeza amagama abo kodwa abazange baphendule. Abanye babo badutshulwe ekhanda. Abanye babo badutshulwe esifubeni.
โ'Bengithandazela ukuthi ekamelweni elilandelayo mhlawumbe basaphila kodwa ngathi uma ngingena ngabona ukuthi wonke umuntu useshonile. Ngabona igazi entanyeni yabo. Ngahlanya. Angisakhumbuli ukuthi ngazizwa kanjani.'โ ('Amandla okuhlasela abulale umndeni ngephutha ekuhlaseleni, kusho ubaba wase-Afghan', The Times, February 25, 2010; http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/afghanistan/article7040216.ece)
Kodwa-ke, ukuhlelwa kwe-Times ngalolo suku lwakwazi ukuveza unya emongweni odingekayo "wempi nje":
โUkuba semthethweni kwembangela e-Afghanistan kungatshazwa ngokufa kwabantu. Ukungqubuzana kufanele kuqhutshwe maqondana nabantu bomdabu.โ (Umhleli, 'Impi Nje', The Times, February 25, 2010; http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/leading_article/article7040089.ece)
Izinhloso ezinhle ezishiwo zohulumeni baseNtshonalanga kufanele zithathwe ngokwethenjwa; njengoba nje uhulumeni waseSoviet waveza +ukuhlasela+ kwakhe i-Afghanistan ngo-1979 njengesenzo sokungenelela kosizo esaqalwa โngesicelo sikahulumeni [wase-Afghan]โ. Inhloso yalowo msebenzi wangaphambilini, abantu baseSoviet baqinisekiswa, โkwakuwukuvimbela ukusungulwaโฆ kombuso wamaphekula nokuvikela abantu base-Afghan ekubulaweni kohlangaโ, kanye nokuhlinzeka โnosizo ekusimamiseni isimo kanye nokunyanyiswa okungenzeka kwangaphandle. ulakaโ. (U-Nikolai Lanine kanye ne-Media Lens, 'Ukuhlasela: Ukuqhathaniswa kokusebenza kwe-Soviet ne-Western Media Performance', November 20, 2007; http://www.medialens.org/alerts/07/071120_invasion_a_comparison.php)
Ulayini wokugcina wenkokhelo ovela kumholi weThe Times kungenzeka ukuthi uqhamuke kumhleli wePravda weminyaka engamashumi amathathu edlule:
"Ukuze sinqobe izitha zethu kumele sibonakale singcono kunazo."
Khonamanjalo, yonke eminye imithombo yezindaba yagwema ukubuka kwayo ezinsalela ezinegazi zezingane zesikole zase-Afghan ezifile.
Inganekwane eMalodorous yebhalansi ye-BBC
NgoDisemba, izindaba ze-BBC ku-inthanethi zazithumele le mibiko emibili emifushane 'elinganiselayo' yokubulawa kwezingane zesikole zase-Afghan okuholwa yi-US:
'Abantwana base-Afghanistan babulawa "ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwaseNtshonalanga"', Disemba 28, 2009; http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/8432653.stm
futhi:
'Ilungu lePhalamende lase-Afghan lisola amasosha ase-US ngokubulala izingane zesikole', ngoDisemba 30, 2009; http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/8434800.stm
Kweyokuqala yale mibiko, i-BBC yaphawula:
"INato ithe ayinawo umbiko mayelana nokusebenza noma ukufa kwabantu endaweni."
futhi
"I-BBC uPeter Greste eKabul uthi isifundazwe saseKunar sikude, sigcwele iqhwa futhi sigcwele amaTaliban, ngakho uphenyo ngesigameko sangoMgqibelo luzoba nzima."
Umbiko wesibili ubeke amazwana:
"U-Peter Greste we-BBC eKabul uthi akwenzeki ukuqinisekisa noma iyiphi i-akhawunti. Uthi kungenzeka ukuthi zombili ziyiqiniso - futhi izisulu kungenzeka ukuthi bekungabafundi besikole, kodwa basize amavukelambuso."
Ngenkathi abafundi beMedia Lens bephonsela inselelo ukwehluleka kwe-BBC ukubika izinsolo ngokugcwele nangokuzibophezela, impendulo evela enhlanganweni yayibuhlungu:
โOkubalulekile ukuthi kuxazululwe izimo zesigameko, akufani nezibonelo zaphambilini zabantu ababulawa ngamadlelandawonye. Uhulumeni wase-Afghan kanye ne-UN bakholelwa ukuthi izakhamuzi zabulawa ngenxa yokusebenza kwe-US eKunar. I-NATO namanje ayikwamukeli lokhu futhi iphikisa ngokuqinile ukuthi amasosha ase-US abulale abashokobezi. " (I-imeyili evela kuzikhalazo ze-BBC kumfundi weMedia Lens, February 19, 2010)
Ubufakazi bokubulawa kwabantu bunamandla kakhulu manje kunangaleso sikhathi, esikhathini esingaphansi kwenyanga edlule. Kodwa nokho asazi nganoma yimiphi imibiko yezindaba ye-BBC elandelayo, nanoma yiziphi izilungiso noma ukuxolisa.
Ngomhla zingama-27 kuNhlolanja, saxhumana nabahleli ababili abaphezulu be-BBC: uHelen Boaden, umqondisi wezindaba ze-BBC, noSteve Herrmann, obhekele izindaba ze-BBC ku-inthanethi. Siveze ukuthi uJerome Starkey weThe Times usekwazile manje ukuqinisekisa imibiko yokuthi izingane zesikole zase-Afghan zidutshulwe zabulawa ekugaseleni kukaDisemba okubandakanya amasosha aseMelika. Sibuze abahleli be-BBC, ngenxa yokubika kwakamuva kwe-Times:
โYini enizoyenza wena nozakwenu ukulandelela imibiko yenu yaphambilini?
โNgezinsiza ezitholakala yi-BBC, kungani ngokusobala awukwazanga ukwenza lokhu okwenziwe nguMnu Starkey futhi ukuphenye - futhi manje usuqinisekise - izinsolo zokuqala eziphazamisayo zokudutshulwa kwezingane zesikole zase-Afghan?
"Ingabe lezi zambulo zakamuva zizoyithinta kanjani indlela obhekana ngayo nezitatimende zeNato ngokuzayo?"
Asikayitholi impendulo evela ku-Helen Boaden noma u-Steve Herrmann.
Sithumele imibuzo efanayo nge-imeyili kwintatheli ye-BBC uPeter Greste. Ku-imeyili yangoMashi 2, usitshele ukuthi ujwayele ukuhlala eKenya - ubesebenza e-Afghanistan ngesikhathi sikaKhisimusi noNcibijane, futhi wahamba eKabul ekuqaleni kukaJanuwari. Udlulisele uphenyo lwethu kumhleli we-BBC's Kabul Bureau "ozobuyela kuwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi." Esikhundleni salokho, impendulo yabe isithunyelwa kithi nguSean Moss, "umeluleki wesigaba" ezikhalweni zeBBC, owabhala ngokungananazi:
โNjengoba nginesiqiniseko sokuthi uzothokozela, akwenzeki ukuthi ihhovisi laseKabul lingene engxoxweni nabantu. Uma ungathanda ukufaka isikhalazo, udinga ukwenza kanjalo ngefomu lewebhu elithi www.bbc.co.uk/complaints.โโ> (I-imeyili, Mashi 15, 2010)
Njengoba iningi labafundi bethu lizoqaphela kakhulu, inqubo โyezikhalazoโ ye-BBC iyithuluzi elijwayelekile lebhizinisi lokuchezukisa izinselelo zomphakathi, okuqinisekisa ukuthi izinto ezincane ziyashintsha.
Ukuphetha Okushiwo
Khonamanjalo, ukubulala, nomkhankaso wenkulumo-ze kuyaqhubeka. Ngesonto eledlule, uStarkey ubike ukuthi okunye ukuhlasela ebusuku okwenziwe oshayasibhamu baseMelika nase-Afghan kule nyanga kuholele ekubulaweni kwabesifazane ababili abakhulelwe, intombazane esencane kanye nezikhulu ezimbili zendawo - isihluku iNato yabe isizama ukusifihla. ('I-Nato "ifihlekile" ihlasele ebusuku e-Afghanistan eyabulala abahlanu', The Times, March 13, 2010; http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/afghanistan/article7060395.ece)
Umndeni wanikezwa "isinxephezelo saseMelika" - $2,000 ngayinye yezisulu. โAkukho nzuzo empilweni yomuntu,โ kusho uBibi Sabsparie, umama wababili kwabashonile. โBabulale umndeni wakithi, base befika basilethela imali. Imali ngeke iwubuyise umndeni wethu.โ
Lokhu kwesaba kwakamuva kuphinde kwangcwatshwa abezindaba base-UK, kanye nezisulu zabo.
Abasebenzi be-BBC abaqashwe ukuphatha izikhalo ezivela emphakathini banekhono ekukhombiseni lapho ubugebengu bakamuva baseNtshonalanga bubikwe khona 'ngokungachemi' - izaziso zomsakazo we-BBC, ipharagrafu noma umbiko omfushane we-inthanethi, noma mhlawumbe amazwibela ku-BBC News Channel noma i-World Service. . Kodwa okushiyiwe okusobala kungokwanoma ikuphi ukujula, isihloko esikhulu sezindaba zethelevishini ze-BBC ezibukwa izigidi. Akukho okumele kubuze umbono wombuso wokuthi, nakuba "amaphutha" engenzeka, izinhloso zikahulumeni zinomusa.
ISENZO ESIPHAKANYISIWE
Umgomo weMedia Lens ukukhuthaza ukuhluzeka kwengqondo, ububele nokuhlonipha abanye. Uma ubhalela izintatheli, sikunxusa kakhulu ukuthi ugcine ithoni enesizotha, engenalo udlame futhi engahlukumezi.
UMark Thompson, umqondisi jikelele we-BBC
Email: [i-imeyili ivikelwe]
UHelen Boaden, umqondisi wezindaba we-BBC
Email: [i-imeyili ivikelwe]
USteve Herrmann, umhleli wezindaba ze-BBC online
Email: [i-imeyili ivikelwe]
URichard Colebourn, umhleli we-BBC Kabul bureau
Email: [i-imeyili ivikelwe]
Sicela uthumele ikhophi kuSihlalo we-BBC Trust. I-Trust inesibopho sokuqinisekisa ukuthi i-BBC ithobela isibopho sayo somphakathi sokungachemi:
UMichael Lyons, uSihlalo we-BBC Trust
Email: [i-imeyili ivikelwe]
Uhlu lwethu olugcwele loxhumana nabo bemidiya lungatholakala kokuthi:
http://www.medialens.org/contacts/
Sicela futhi usithumelele ikhophi yama-imeyili akho
Email: [i-imeyili ivikelwe]