UBrian Dominick
Akuve
Sekuyisikhathi eside ngagcina ukubhala ngokujulile mayelana neSikole Samasosha ase-US of the
Americas, kanye nomnyakazo wokuwuvala. Kodwa ukuhlala eSirakhuse, isikhulu
i-anti-SOA hotbed, ngalesi sikhathi sonyaka kunzima ukungabhali noma okungenani ucabange
mayelana nesikhungo sokuqeqesha esise-Fort Benning, GA. Njalo ngoNovemba yiwona
indawo yemibhikisho emikhulu. Le nyanga igubha iminyaka engu-10 kwasungulwa
ukubulawa kwabapristi abayisithupha bamaJesuit, umgcini wezindlu nendodakazi yakhe, ngo
abafundi abaziqhenyayo be-SOA e-El Salvador.
Last
ukuwa, izishoshovu eziyizinkulungwane ezintathu "zeqa umugqa" zangena ku-
isizinda sezempi ukuletha izicelo eziqukethwe emabhokisini angokomfanekiso. Uma lokhu
UNovemba ufana nembalwa edlule, izinkulungwane ezengeziwe zizongeza imizimba yazo emphakathini
ukungalaleli ngeSonto zingama-21.
The
amandla jikelele omnyakazo wokuvala iSikole Samazwe aseMelika akhulile
kancane kancane kusukela ekuqaleni kwawo-1990 lapho cishe kungekho muntu, ngisho nangakwesokunxele, owayazi
ngokuba khona kwayo, ingasaphathwa eyezinqubomgomo nezinqubo zayo. Ukunyakaza kwe-Anti-SOA
ibe ugqozi ngezindlela eziningi kimi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, nginesikhathi eside
ubuze ezinye izici zesu kanye nombono osetshenziswe inhlangano
kanye nabaholi bayo abaningi.
Kukhona
akungabazeki ukuthi iSikole ngesamasosha ase-US - futhi ikakhulukazi i-CIA's - primary
indawo yokuxhumana yokuthonya amasosha aseLatin America. I-SOA ingenye ye
inani lezikole lapho amasosha aseLatin America eqeqeshwa khona ngengcindezelo
isu elaziwa ngokuthi Ingxabano Emandla Aphansi. Abafundi be-SOA -
ngokuvamile izikhulu ezivela emazweni amaningi eningizimu yemingcele yethu -
funda ubuciko obubucayi bokuvimba intando yeningi, ukuvukela umbuso kanye nanoma yikuphi
umkhondo omkhulu wenkululeko. Bafunda ukulwa hhayi ngokumelene nokuhlasela
amasosha, kodwa ngokumelene nabalimi, izakhamuzi, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ama-guerilla. Kanye
ngeMpi Yezidakamizwa kanye nemboni yezohwebo yezikhali ekhula njalo, i-SOA iyinhlangano
isici esibalulekile sekhono le-United States lokukhohlisa iLatin America
izinqubomgomo zempi.
At
ngesikhathi esifanayo, sidinga ukubheka i-SOA ngombono. Njengengxenye ye
I-Pentagon's Interprehensive Military International Education & Training (IMET)
Uhlelo, iSikole eFort Benning singesinye seziningi ezihlale ziqeqesha amazwe angaphandle
amasosha emhlabathini wase-US. Nakuba kungase kube okuhlonishwayo kakhulu nokungadumile kulezi
izikhungo, akuyona inhliziyo yohlelo lwe-IMET noma inhloko ye
umbono wezwe wesikhungo ngemuva kwezempi zanamuhla. Ngicabanga ukuthi izishoshovu eziningi ezimelene ne-SOA
bayakwazi kahle lokhu, kodwa iningi alibonakali linjalo, kokuhlangenwe nakho kwami, okungukuthi
isizathu sokukhathazeka. Umbuzo ngempela ukuthi ngabe i-SOA iyisithende se-Achilles
ye-IMET kanye nemibono yethonya lezempi langaphandle - okungukuthi, can
ukumelana okugxilwe ngokumelene nesiteleka se-SOA igalelo elibalulekile ngokumelene nengqikithi
izinqubomgomo? Noma ingabe ukuvala i-SOA kungabangela izinguquko ezibalulekile?
My
umuzwa wukuthi, uma sikhuluma ngobuqotho, ukuvala (noma ukuthutha okungenzeka)
ye-SOA cishe izoba yinto engasho lutho, okungenani esikhathini esifushane,
mayelana nomthelela wempi yokulwa nokuvukela umbuso kubantu baseLatin America
ukhathazekile. Kunzima ukukholelwa ukuthi ngisho nokuhoxiswa okuphelele kwama-SOA's
isabelomali esincane uma kuqhathaniswa singasindisa impilo eyodwa yaseLatin America. Kunjalo nje
iqiniso lokuthi izikhungo zisebenza kanjani uma ziyingxenye yezinhlelo ezinkulu kakhulu.
In
Eqinisweni, noma kunzima kangakanani ukuvuma, kungenzeka ukuthi uma i-SOA injalo
ithuthelwe eCaribbean noma eNingizimu Melika, izoba nolaka kakhulu
ekolishi amaphekula wholesale. Kulungile ngaphandle kokuqondisa kwe-SOA Watch kanye
amanye amaqembu ezishoshovu, inkululeko enikezwa imfihlo angathola kahle
Ukuqeqesha amasosha esikoleni ngamasu anzima kakhulu - njengoba kubonakala sengathi bekuyiwo
icala lapho lalitholakala ePanama kuze kube ngu-1984 - kunalokho okuvunyelwe manje
ngaphansi kokucutshungulwa okukhulu komphakathi kanye nengcindezi.
Thatha
kucatshangelwa (okungenani i-17) ezinye izisekelo eziqeqesha i-Latin America njengamanje
amasosha enhlabathini yase-US; kanye nokuba khona okusebenzayo kwe-US Special Forces
kuyo yonke i-hemisphere (edume kabi ngokuqeqesha amasosha angaphandle empeleni
ukuhlushwa ngesibonelo, phakathi kokunye ukuxhaphaza); futhi omunye akakwazi ukuzibamba uyazibuza ukuthi kungani
I-Pentagon neCongress baye balwa kanzima ukugcina i-SOA isebenza eGeorgia.
Kunezizathu eziningana. Okokuqala, i-SOA iwumthombo wokuziqhenya okukhulu kwabanye
amasosha (nakuba futhi enamahloni mhlawumbe abaningi abengeziwe). Ngaphezu kwalokho, iSikole
okwamanje kuthathwa njengokuphatha okukhethekile kakhulu kwezikhulu zaseLatin America ezitholayo
ukungena nokuphuma emazweni ngaphandle kokunqamula amasiko, futhi obani
uthathe uhambo oluya ezindaweni ezifana ne-Disney World. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akufanele
khohlwa ukungakwazi kukaWashington ukuvuma ukuthi akulungile - kulokhu
ikakhulukazi izinqubomgomo ezinokhahlo okuthi, ngemva kwamashumi eminyaka amaningi kangaka, kube nzima ukudlula ngazo
"amaphutha" noma amaphutha.
Noma kunjalo
Izinhloso akuzona neze ukuphela, noma okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuze
cabanga ekuhloleni ukuhambisana kwezinhlangano zomphakathi. Naphezu kwamanye ama-anti-SOA
abaholi benhlangano abahlulekile kuze kube manje ukucacisa imbangela ngale kwalokhu
eyodwa, isikhungo esingabalulekile kuwo wonke amasosha-izimboni
eyinkimbinkimbi, ukunyakaza okukhulayo ngokumelene ne-SOA kunamandla amakhulu okuhlala isikhathi eside
ukumelana nezinqubomgomo ezijwayelekile. Umlingisi uMartin Sheen kungenzeka ukuthi ululazekile
imikhakha eqinile yokunyakaza kwe-anti-SOA ekugcineni ukuwa ngokuzenza
khulumela abangu-7000 ababekhona lapho ememezela ukuthi Ibutho Lase-US "liyizicukuthwane
isikhungo" "esinesiko lokuziqhenya," kanye nababhikishi kuphela
inyama yenkomo (yebo, wathi "thina") yayine-SOA ikakhulukazi; kodwa ithemba lami
iningi labantu abazibophezele kulokhu baqaphela kakhulu
iqiniso kunalokho.
The
ukhiye ukudweba ukuxhumana neminye imibutho emelene nempi kanye nezempi, at
okuncane kakhulu, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho lapho kungenzeka. Uma izishoshovu ze-SOA zingaqhubeka
ukwakha umfutho baze bafeze umgomo wabo, lokho kuzoba okubalulekile. Uma
bangakwazi ukusebenzisa lowo mfutho ukuze baqhubekisele phambili ukumelana nama-US
izinqubomgomo nezinqubo zempi, lokho kungaba kuhle ngempela.
One
ekugxekeni kwami โโumphikisi wezempi Kwesokunxele e-States ukungakwazi kwethu
sekwephuzile ukubhekana nezikhungo ezidala impi ngesikhathi sokuthula. I
Inhlangano emelene ne-SOA yenza lokho kanye, iqaphela ukuthi akukho ukuthula isikhathi eside
njengoba i-US isekela ngenkuthalo imibuso yengcindezelo kulo lonke. Ngakho kukhona
inqwaba ye-Left ebanzi ingafunda kulaba bantu abazinikele kanye nokusondelana
amaqembu.
The
iziphetho engifinyelele kuzo ngemva kweminyaka eminingi yezingxoxo ezijulile
Iqhaza lenhlangano emelene ne-SOA ekuqedeni udlame lwamazwe ngamazwe aliphelele
ntofontofo. Ngifisa sengathi umnyakazo wawungagxili kakhulu endaweni eyodwa emangalisayo
isikhungo, njengoba lezo zinto ezigxile kuzo zivame ukungakhuli - okungukuthi, azikwenzi
ngokunengqondo kuholela kunoma yini ngaphandle kwemibono yabo ye-myopic ku-thize
imibhikisho. Ukwengeza, imvelo yobuKristu eyeqisayo yenhlangano i
okukhethekile futhi, kahle, ukucanuzela kwenhliziyo, okungenani kimi.
Nokho,
kungenzeka ukuthi izakhi engiziphawula njengeziphambeko zinkulu kakhulu
izimpahla zemibuthano ye-anti-SOA. Inqwaba yabangewona amaKristu bayitholile indlela yabo
ekuhambeni, futhi mhlawumbe kungenye yezindawo ezimbalwa eziqhubekayo lapho
izishoshovu zobuKristu zingazizwa zikhululekile futhi zaziswa. Intsha injalo
ekugcineni iqala ukungena ukunyakaza okubuswa abantu abadala, kanye nabantu abaningi be
umbala ubonakala uqaphela. Konke lokhu ngikubona njengezimpawu zokuthuthuka okukhulu
kanye namandla. Uma ubuholi obuphikisana ne-SOA buzovele bubambe okwengeziwe
ukuthambekela okukhulu nokunengqondo ngaphakathi kokunyakaza, kuqala ukubheka ngale
I-SOA futhi isebenzela ukusimama, ibandakanyeke kakhulu nentsha, abangewona amaKristu,
kanye nabantu bebala ezindimeni zobuholi, sinethuba elihle lokubona
amagxathu amakhulu enziwe ukunyakaza okuya ngokuya kuhlanganiswe ngokumelene ne
wezempi wonkana, kanye namanye amabutho esikhungo aqhubayo njengamanje
wona, okuhlanganisa ukubusa kwabamhlophe, ubunzalamizi, ubudala, ubunxiwankulu kanye
ubukoloni.
Brian
U-Dominick uyisishoshovu kanye nentatheli, okwamanje usebenza ne-On the Ground
iqoqo eSyracuse, NY. Ubelokhu ebhala futhi emi ngokumelene
Isikole Samasosha AseMelika kusukela ngo-1993.