Igagasi loguquko eMpumalanga Ephakathi lizophela kuphela lapho ushintsho lwezenhlalo nezomnotho selufinyelelwa ukuze luhambisane noguquko oluqhubekayo lwezepolitiki nentando yeningi, kusho umhlaziyi wezepolitiki waseFrance-Lebanon uGilbert Achcar.
USolwazi Wezifundo Zokuthuthukiswa Nobudlelwano Bamazwe Ngamazwe eSikoleni Sezifundo ZaseMpumalanga Nezase-Afrika eNyuvesi yaseLondon uthe uguquko lugxile ezindabeni ezijule kakhulu kunokuketula umongameli, nokuthi umphenyi wangempela walokhu kuqhekeka ngokuyinhloko ungokwenhlalomnotho.
Wachaza ukuthi โisimo esibi senhlalo esilethwa isimo somnotho emazweni ama-Arab sihlobene nokuthambekela okuthile kwezomnotho wawo.โ
Njengamanje u-Achcar usohambweni olufushane lwaseCairo eyokwethula incwadi yakhe entsha, ethi, The People Want: A Radical Exploration of the Arab Uprising.
Engxoxweni ekhethekile no-Aswat Masriya, wachaza ukuthi ukuvukela umbuso akuyona nje indaba yokususa umbusi noma ngisho nesistimu yezombusazwe, kodwa inqubo engeke iphele ngaphambi kokuthola izixazululo zezinkinga zezomnotho ezigxilile esifundeni.
โNgikholwa wukuthi singene ohlelweni lwesikhathi eside oluzophela ngokuthola izixazululo ezinqala,โ usho kanje.
Isifunda sama-Arab sike saba nofakazi eminyakeni emithathu edlule izibhelu ezaketula uMengameli waseTunisia uZine El Abidine Ben Ali kanye no-Egypt Hosni Mubarak. Kuholele ekubulaweni komholi waseLibya uMuammar Gaddafi nokuphoqe uMengameli waseYemeni u-Ali Abdullah Saleh ukuthi ashiye phansi izintambo ngokulandela imibandela ethile.
I-Arab Spring yabonwa ekuqaleni njengenqubekelaphambili eyayizohlala izinyanga ezimbalwa kuphela futhi izosabalalisa intando yeningi esifundeni sama-Arab. Uzwakalise ithemba lakhe lokuthi umbutho omusha ungaletha uhlobo lwezixazululo eziqinile akholelwa ukuthi ziyadingeka, njengoba "lesi simo sisongela ukuphindela esimweni sezombusazwe esibi kakhulu kunangaphambili."
U-Achcar uchaza lokho okwenzekile njengokuvukela, kodwa ubuza umbuzo wokuthi ngabe kwakuyiziyaluyalu ezinqunyelwe isikhathi noma izenzakalo ezinokujula okukhulu.
Intwasahlobo yama-Arab ekuqaleni yabonwa njengenqubo ezohlala izinyanga ezimbalwa kuphela futhi izosabalalisa intando yeningi esifundeni sama-Arab.
Kodwa lo mbono - ngokombono wakhe - awusafaneleki, ngoba ukuvukela sekungene onyakeni wabo wesithathu, kanti ilebula yasentwasahlobo isho izenzakalo zomlando ezinqunyelwe isikhathi.
"Ngokubona kwami, lokhu esikubonayo kuwuhlelo olude oluzothatha okungenani iminyaka eminingana, uma kungenjalo amashumi eminyaka."
Ugcizelele ukuthi okwenzekile "kuyinqubo yoguquko," wengeza ngokuthi, "Sisesigabeni sokuqala senqubo ende kakhulu. Okwenzekile kuze kube manje kuyisiqalo; besingabhala isiqalo ezimweni eziningi, kodwa ukuthi kwenzeka kanjani. izophela ayisabonwa.
"Ngesikhathi abantu behlubuka eGibhithe, kwenzeka izinguquko ezibalulekile ohlelweni lwezombusazwe. Nakuba lezi zinguquko zilinganiselwe kwezombusazwe, zisabalulekile. Ukusetshenziswa kwegama elithi 'revolution' lapha kuyafaneleka, kodwa uma sasiqonde ukuvukela ekujuleni kwayo. okusho ukuthi, ukuguqula uhlelo lomphakathi, akukenzeki kuze kube manje kunezinye izinguquko ezidingekayo uma sifuna ukuthi inqubo yoguquko iphele noma isimo sixazulule, futhi zisaphambi kwethu, hhayi ngemuva kwethu ingakubiza ngokuthi inqubo yesikhathi eside yoguquko."
U-Achcar uthe ezinye izimo kufanele kuhlangatshezwane nazo ukuze kuphothulwe inqubo yoguquko, nokuthi "lezi zimo zihlobene noshintsho olujulile esakhiweni sezenhlalakahle kanye nenqubomgomo yezomnotho."
Wachaza ukuthi uhlelo lonxiwankulu oluxhumene kakhulu nokubusa kwezepolitiki selukhona. โLobu wubungxiwankulu bepolitiki, abulawulwa yimakethe, asinakho obala ezimakethe zethu, kodwa sinama โfavorsโ nokunye nokunye kanti ngakolunye uhlangothi umbuso ufuna inzuzo esheshayo. ukutshalwa kwezimali kudinga intuthuko yangempela."
"Intuthuko ikhubazekile ngenxa yokungaxazululwa kwezinkinga zomphakathi ezifana nokuntuleka kwemisebenzi; umnotho omningi esifundeni uncike kumnotho. Uncike kuwoyela, igesi kanye nokwesekwa kwangaphandle."
Wanezela ukuthi isimo sezomnotho eMpumalanga Ephakathi senza kube lula ukuthuthukiswa kohlobo lwesimiso sezombangazwe lapho "iqembu elibusayo lizuza ifa lombuso kanye nomnotho walo. Lokhu akugcini nje kuphela ebukhosini bama-Arab esifundeni, kodwa iningi lama-republic."
Unxuse ukuthi ingcebo eqoqwe ngaphansi kukahulumeni ibe ngaphansi kwemigomo yezomnotho yombuso wangaphambili. "Ngokubona kwami โโle ngcebo ngeyabantu. Kumele ifakwe ngaphansi kukahulumeni ngoba ayitholakalanga ngokusemthethweni futhi ayivelanga emigomeni ephusile yezomnotho, ngisho nangonxiwankulu."
Esimweni saseGibhithe, wathi "akukho okushintshile kodwa ukubonakaliswa okuthile enkundleni yezombangazwe. Mhlawumbe isimo senkulumo yezombangazwe sishintshile, kodwa lokho kuwumkhuba; isisekelo siyafana. Umnotho wezombangazwe uhlala ungashintshile, ubuhlobo ne I-International Monetary Fund (IMF) iyaqhubeka njengoba yayinjalo, uma ingekho ubungane, futhi empeleni izimisele kakhulu ukuthobela imibandela ye-IMF."
โI-Muslim Brotherhood ihambisana nenkolelo-mbono ye-neoliberal: iyayazisa imakethe nezinkampani ezizimele, ikubheka njengomgogodla womnotho. Izinqubomgomo ezinjalo zizohluleka. Le mibono ngeke ikhiphe isifunda ekuthuthukisweni kwabakhubazekile; bazokwenza izinto zibe zimbi kakhulu.โ
"I-Brotherhood inokuqonda kwayo 'isinkwa, iNkululeko, kanye Nobulungiswa Kwezenhlalakahle' (izimfuno ezazishiwo abantu phakathi nodlame lwezinsuku ezingu-18 eGibhithe). Inkululeko kubo ingeyomnotho kuphela, kodwa hhayi ezombangazwe. Emkhakheni wamasiko baya banesimo esicindezelayo: egameni lenkolo, abasibo abagqugquzeli benkululeko.
Wanezela, "Imibono yobulungiswa iyehluka. Ubulungiswa ngokwe-Muslim Brotherhood kanye namanye amaqembu ezepolitiki amaSulumane bungokomthetho kuphela, kodwa mayelana nokuhlukaniswa komphakathi kube abampofu nabacebile, bakuthola kungokwemvelo. Okuwukuphela kwento ongayenza kulokhu ukukhululeka. umthwalo wabampofu ngomqondo wenkolo wokusiza umphakathi.โ
โLe migomo ayikwazi ukubhekana nezinkinga zemiphakathi yama-Arab. Okudingekayo lapha wushintsho olukhulu emigomeni yezomnotho.โ Uveze ukuthi, โAmandla omphakathi anentshisekelo ekushintsheni okunqala awamelwe njengamanje egunyeni,โ wengeza ngokuthi amandla omphakathi ancike kubakhiqizi, abasebenzi kanye nezinhlangano ezithandwayo ezingabonisi izithakazelo zonxiwankulu.
Unxuse amabutho ase-Egypt anenqubekela phambili ukuthi โasebenzele ukwakha amabutho adumile, anenqubekela phambili futhi abanzi ukuze afake zonke izinhlangothi ezivumelana ngesidingo soshintsho nokwamukelwa kwezinqubomgomo zentuthuko ezibeka kuqala izimo zokuphila ngokunikeza amathuba emisebenzi kanye nokusebenzisa zonke izindlela emnothweni kanye nokwemukelwa kwemithetho yentuthuko. umphakathi ukuhlangabezana nalokho."
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa kuphela ngokuphana kwabafundi bayo.
Nikela