April 4, 1968 was the day that Martin Luther King, Jr. was killed in Memphis, Tennessee. He had been working with the Memphis sanitation workers in their struggle for better working conditions and a union. Ni alẹ ṣaaju ki o to pa a o sọ ọrọ rẹ ti o pari pẹlu awọn ọrọ “Ṣugbọn mo fẹ ki o mọ ni alẹ oni, pe awa, gẹgẹ bi eniyan yoo de ilẹ ileri. Ati pe inu mi dun, ni alẹ oni. Emi ko ni aniyan nipa ohunkohun. Emi ko bẹru ọkunrin kan. Oju mi ti ri ogo wiwa Oluwa.” Ni ọjọ keji o ti gun mọlẹ lori balikoni ti Lorraine Motel nipasẹ boya James Earl Ray ati/tabi awọn eniyan ti a ko mọ. Bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé mo jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn tí wọ́n ń ṣiyèméjì nípa ipa tó yẹ kí Ray ṣe nínú ìpànìyàn náà, ìyẹn kì í ṣe ète ìkọ̀wé mi. Ó ṣeé ṣe kí a má mọ̀ dájú pé ẹni tí ó dìtẹ̀ láti pa Dókítà Ọba. A mọ awọn ifẹ ti o ṣiṣẹ nipasẹ ipaniyan rẹ. Pupọ awọn eroja kanna ti iṣelu ati awujọ eto ọrọ-aje AMẸRIKA ti o jẹ iranṣẹ nipasẹ ipaniyan Ọba tẹsiwaju lati jẹ iduro fun pupọ julọ ohun ti n lọ ni awọn aaye wọnyẹn titi di oni.
Rara, idi kikọ mi loni ni lati sọrọ nipa ipaniyan oloselu miiran ti o waye ni ọjọ meji lẹhin ti Dokita King. This murder happened across the country in the city of Oakland, California and we know who the murderers were. Ọkunrin ti a pa (ọdọmọkunrin ti 17, ni otitọ) jẹ Bobby Hutton ati awọn apaniyan jẹ ọmọ ẹgbẹ ti Ẹka ọlọpa Oakland. Bobby ni eniyan akọkọ lati darapọ mọ Black Panther Party lẹhin ti o ti ṣẹda nipasẹ Huey Newton ati Bobby Seale ni ọdun 1966. Ni lilọ kikoro kuku iku rẹ tun jẹ ipaniyan akọkọ nipasẹ agbofinro ti ọmọ ẹgbẹ kan ti Black Panther Party. Ni akoko ti Ẹgbẹ naa ti parẹ kuro ni agbegbe iṣelu, diẹ sii ju ọgbọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ ti pa nipasẹ ọpọlọpọ awọn ile-iṣẹ agbofinro. As I write, the government continues its vendetta against former Party members in its attempt to murder Mumia Abu Jamal in Pennsylvania and in its prosecution of the san Francisco 8, to name but two of the better known cases involving party members that are still ongoing. Ní àfikún sí i, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn mẹ́ńbà ẹgbẹ́ tẹ́lẹ̀ rí ń jìyà ní ọgbà ẹ̀wọ̀n káàkiri orílẹ̀-èdè náà—ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ fún ìwà ọ̀daràn tí wọn kò dá.
Itan ti o wa ni ayika iku Hutton jẹ eyi ni pataki. After Dr. King’s murder, dozens of cities and towns with large black populations across the United States erupted in what can best be termed as a rebellion. Awọn apa ọlọpa ni o yara rẹwẹsi ati Ẹṣọ ti Orilẹ-ede ati awọn ọmọ-ogun Ọmọ-ogun deede ni a pe ni lati fi ipa mu aṣẹ ati aabo ohun-ini. One of the few such cities that experienced very little civil unrest was Oakland, CA. Although the police would not admit it, much of this was due to the role the Black Panther Party played in keeping the lid on things, arguing with angry African-Americans intent on raising hell that any type of insurrectionary activity would provide the notoriously racist Oakland police with an excuse to kill as many black folks as they wanted. The Panthers spent much of the first forty-eight hours after King’s murder diffusing potentially riotous situations throughout the Oakland neighborhoods where they were respected and known.
In circumstances that remain contested to this day, Hutton was murdered either after he left a basement where he and Eldridge Cleaver had hidden following an armed confrontation between the police and some Panthers who were pulled over by police in East Oakland or after he was taken into custody. Ọna boya, o jẹ ko ni ihamọra. Gẹgẹbi Cleaver ti sọ fun Henry Louis Gates, Jr. ninu ifọrọwanilẹnuwo ti o han lori ifihan PBS Iwaju, he was told by one of the arresting officers who was at the scene in Oakland ni Oṣu Kẹrin Ọjọ 6, ọdun 1968:
“Nitorinaa ni mo ṣe n fa fifalẹ lati fọ ori rẹ, ohun kan si sọ fun mi pe ki n ma ṣe.” Emi (Cleaver) sọ pe, “ yin Oluwa.” O sọ pe, “ yin Oluwa.” O sọ fun mi pe, “Mo yin Oluwa. Emi kii ṣe ọlọpaa mọ.” O ni, “Mo ni ile-iṣẹ aabo ikọkọ ti ara mi ni bayi.” O ni, “idi ti wọn ko fi kan ọ (Cleaver) lọ si ile-ẹjọ jẹ nitori ẹri mi ati ẹri 13. Awọn ọlọpaa miiran ti wọn wa nibẹ ni alẹ yẹn ti ko gba pẹlu ohun ti awọn ọlọpa ṣe ni ọna ti wọn pa Bobby Hutton.” O sọ pe, “wọn pa Bobby (Hutton). Wọ́n pa ẹlẹ́wọ̀n mi.”
Wọ́n fi ìsọfúnni yìí ránṣẹ́ sí Cleaver lẹ́yìn tó ti ìgbèkùn dé tó sì ń dúró de ìgbẹ́jọ́ lórí ẹ̀sùn tó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú oṣù April 1968 lálẹ́ yẹn. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/race/interviews/ecleaver.html) Other versions of that night claim that two carloads of Panthers were ambushed by Oakland olopa. Ninu rudurudu ti o tẹle ibùba naa, Cleaver ati Hutton salọ ti wọn si farapamọ sinu ile ipilẹ ile kan nitosi. Lẹhin akoko kan, Hutton ati Cleaver fi ara wọn silẹ ati pe Hutton lọ kuro ni Ilé ni akọkọ, laini ihamọra ati laisi seeti kan. O si ti a shot mọlẹ ninu ẹjẹ tutu. Boya ọna ti a sọ itan naa, otitọ wa pe Hutton ti pa nipasẹ awọn ọlọpa.
The murders of King and Hutton within two days of each other convinced many people living in the United States that forces within the US government were intent on destroying the popular struggle against racism and war by any means necessary. Ẹ̀rí ìtàn láti ìgbà òpin ọ̀sẹ̀ tí ó kún fún ẹ̀jẹ̀ ní ogójì ọdún sẹ́yìn fi hàn pé àwọn ipá wọ̀nyẹn ṣàṣeyọrí ju bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ. Despite the current campaign by Barack Obama for president, the vast majority of US residents of color are not faring that much better than they were in 1968. Legal apartheid no longer exists and attitudes towards race have progressed, but the economic facts of most of non-white America are appallingly similar to their comparable state forty years ago. Pẹlupẹlu awọn iṣiro nipa ẹwọn ti awọn ọkunrin dudu ati Latino ni Ilu Amẹrika pese ẹri ti o daju pe awọn ẹrọ ti irẹjẹ ẹya n tẹsiwaju lati ṣiṣẹ ni orilẹ-ede yii. Eto idajo ọdaràn n tẹsiwaju lati jẹ ọna nipasẹ eyiti funfun ti o jẹ pataki julọ ati ipilẹ agbara ẹlẹyamẹya n ṣetọju iṣakoso rẹ lori awọn ti ko dara ati ti awọ wọn dudu ni hue. Gẹgẹ bi mo ti ṣe akiyesi loke, ọpọlọpọ awọn eroja kanna ti awujọ iṣelu ati ti ọrọ-aje AMẸRIKA ti o jẹ iranṣẹ nipasẹ ipaniyan ti Dokita King ati iparun Black Panther Party tẹsiwaju lati jẹ iduro fun pupọ julọ ohun ti n ṣẹlẹ ni awọn aaye yẹn titi di oni. . Laibikita bawo ni eniyan ṣe gbiyanju lati ṣe afihan awọn ogoji ọdun sẹyin ti abala itan AMẸRIKA yii, o han gbangba pe a ko ti de ilẹ ileri naa.
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