Ngubani owayecinga ukuba ngo-2009, oorhulumente behlabathi babeza kubhengeza iMfazwe entsha kumaPirates? Njengoko ufunda oku, iBritish Royal Navy - exhaswa ziinqanawa zezizwe ezingaphezulu kweshumi elinesibini, ukusuka e-US ukuya eTshayina - ihamba ngesikhephe kumanzi aseSomalia ukuya kuthabatha amadoda esisenawo umfanekiso weparrot-on-the-shoulder pantomime villains. Kungekudala baza kulwa neenqanawa zaseSomalia bade baleqe abaphangi emhlabeni, baye kwelinye lawona mazwe aqhekekileyo emhlabeni. Kodwa emva kwe-arrr-me-hearties engaqhelekanga yeli bali, kukho ihlazo elingachazwanga. Abantu oorhulumente bethu abababiza โnjengenye yezoyikiso ezinkulu zamaxesha ethuโ banebali elingaqhelekanga abalibalisa-kunye nobulungisa kwicala labo.
IPirates ayizange ibe yile nto sicinga ukuba iyiyo. "Kwixesha legolide lobuqhetseba" - ukusuka kwi-1650 ukuya kwi-1730 - umbono we-pirate njengesela elingenangqondo, elikhohlakeleyo elihlala namhlanje ladalwa ngurhulumente wase-Bhritane kwi-propaganda-heave enkulu. Abantu abaninzi abaqhelekileyo babekholelwa ukuba bubuxoki: abaphangi babedla ngokuhlangulwa emnqamlezweni zizihlwele ezixhasayo. Ngoba? Yintoni abayibonayo ukuba singakwazi? Kwincwadi yakhe ethi Villains of All Nations, umbhali-mbali uMarcus Rediker uhlolisisa ubungqina ukuze afumanise. Ukuba uye waba ngumrhwebi okanye umatiloshe womkhosi wamanzi ngoko - uncothulwe kwiidokhi zaseLondon's East End, umncinci kwaye ulambile - waphelela kwisiHogo somthi esidadayo. Usebenze iiyure zonke kwinqanawa exineneyo, elambileyo, kwaye ukuba uyekelela umzuzwana, ukapteni onamandla onke ebeya kukubetha ngeCat O'Nine Tails. Ukuba uthe waxengaxenga rhoqo, unokuphoswa elwandle. Kwaye ekupheleni kweenyanga okanye iminyaka yoku, wawudla ngokuqhathwa umvuzo wakho.
IPirates yayingabantu bokuqala ukuvukela eli hlabathi. Bavukela abaphathi babo abangoozwilakhe โ baza benza indlela eyahlukileyo yokusebenza elwandle. Emva kokuba babe nenqanawa, abaphangi bakhetha abaphathi babo, kwaye benza zonke izigqibo zabo ngokudibeneyo. Baye babelana ngesisa sabo kwinto uRediker ayibiza ngokuba "yenye yezona zicwangciso zilinganisa ukubekwa kwezixhobo ezifumaneka naphi na kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesibhozo." Bada bathabatha amakhoboka aseAfrika awayebalekile baza bahlala nawo njengabalingane. Abaphangi babonisa "ngokucacileyo - kunye nokubhukuqa - ukuba iinqanawa akuzange kufuneke ukuba ziqhutywe ngendlela ekhohlakeleyo kunye nengcinezelo yenkonzo yabarhwebi kunye ne-Royal Navy." Yiyo loo nto babethandwa, nangona babengamasela angenamveliso.
Amazwi omnye umphangi osuka kuloo minyaka ilahlekileyo - umfana waseBritane ogama linguWilliam Scott - kufuneka aphinde abuyele kweli xesha litsha lobuqhetseba. Ngaphambi nje kokuba axhonywe eCharleston, eMzantsi Carolina, wathi: โInto endayenzayo yayikukugcina ndingatshabalali. Ngo-1991, urhulumente waseSomalia - kwi-Horn of Africa - wawa. Abantu bayo abazizigidi ezilithoba bathwaxwa yindlala ukusukela ngoko โ kwaye uninzi lwawona mandla ambi kwihlabathi laseNtshona alibone eli njengethuba elihle lokubiwa kokutya kwelizwe nokulahla inkunkuma yethu yenyukliya elwandle.
Ewe: inkunkuma yenyukliya. Ngokukhawuleza emva kokuba urhulumente engasekho, iinqanawa zaseYurophu ezingaqondakaliyo zaqalisa ukubonakala kunxweme lwaseSomalia, zilahla imiphanda emikhulu elwandle. Abantu baselunxwemeni baqalisa ukugula. Ekuqaleni baba nerhashalala engaqhelekanga, isicaphucaphu kunye neentsana ezingalunganga. Kwandula ke, emva kwetsunami yowama-2005, amakhulu emiphanda eyayilahliweyo nevuzayo yakhukuliseka elunxwemeni. Abantu baqalisa ukugula ngemitha, yaye abangaphezu kwama-300 bafa. U-Ahmedou Ould-Abdallah, umthunywa weZizwe Ezimanyeneyo eSomalia, undixelela ukuba: "Kukho umntu olahla imathiriyeli yenyukliya apha. Kukwakho nelothe, kunye neentsimbi ezinzima ezifana necadmium kunye nemercury - uyibiza ngamagama." Uninzi lwayo lunokulandelelwa emva kwizibhedlele zaseYurophu kunye neefektri, ezibonakala ngathi ziyidlulisela kwi-mafia yase-Italiya "ukulahla" ngexabiso eliphantsi. Xa ndabuza u-Ould-Abdallah ukuba oorhulumente baseYurophu benza ntoni malunga nalo, wathi ngokuncwina: "Akukho nto. Akuzange kubekho ukucoca, akukho mbuyekezo, kwaye akukho kuthintela."
Kwangaxeshanye, ezinye iinqanawa zaseYurophu beziphanga iilwandle zaseSomalia obona butyebi bazo bukhulu: ukutya kwaselwandle. Sizitshabalalisile ezethu iintlanzi ngokuzixhaphaza ngokugqithisileyo โ kwaye ngoku sidlulele kwezabo. Ngaphezu kwe-300 yezigidi zeerandi zetyhuna, i-shrimp, ilobster kunye nezinye izinto eziphila elwandle zibiwa minyaka le ngabalobi abaninzi abangena ngokungekho mthethweni kulwandle olungakhuselekanga lwaseSomalia. Abalobi basekuhlaleni baye baphulukana nobomi babo ngequbuliso, yaye balamba. U-Mohammed Hussein, umlobi kwidolophu yaseMarka 100km ezantsi kweMogadishu, uxelele iReuters: "Ukuba akukho nto yenziweyo, kungekudala akuyi kuba neentlanzi ezininzi kumanzi ethu onxweme."
Le yimeko apho amadoda esiwabiza ngokuba โngamapiratesโ aye avela khona. Wonke umntu uyavuma ukuba yayingabalobi abaqhelekileyo baseSomalia abathi ekuqaleni bathatha izikhitshane ezikhawulezayo ukuzama ukunqanda abadumpa kunye neentlanzi zokuloba, okanye ubuncinane babahlawulise 'irhafu'. Bazibiza ngokuba ngamaVolunteer Coastguard yaseSomalia โ kwaye akukho nzima ukubona ukuba kutheni. Kudliwano-ndlebe lwe-surreal, enye yeenkokeli zamapirate, u-Sugule Ali, wathi injongo yabo "kukuyeka ukuloba ngokungekho mthethweni nokulahla emanzini ethuโฆ Asizijongi njengabaphangi baselwandle. Sithatha izihange zaselwandle [njengabo] ngokungekho mthethweni. iintlanzi kunye nokulahla kwiilwandle zethu kwaye ulahle inkunkuma elwandle lwethu kwaye uphathe izixhobo elwandle lwethu." UWilliam Scott wayeza kuwaqonda loo mazwi.
Hayi, oku akwenzi ukuba ukuthinjwa kuthetheleleka, kwaye ewe, abanye ngokucacileyo bangamagebenga - ngakumbi abo babambe izibonelelo zeNkqubo yoKutya yeHlabathi. Kodwa "abaphangi" banenkxaso enkulu yabemi bendawo ngesizathu. Indawo yeendaba ezizimeleyo zaseSomalia iWardherNews yenze olona phando lubalaseleyo esinalo malunga nokuba abantu baseSomalia abaqhelekileyo bacinga ntoni - kwaye yafumanisa ukuba i-70 pesenti "yayixhasa ngamandla ubuqhetseba njengendlela yokukhusela ilizwe kumanzi ommandla welizwe." Ngexesha lemfazwe yenguqu eMelika, uGeorge Washington kunye nabaseki baseMelika bahlawula abaphangi ukuze bakhusele amanzi ommandla waseMelika, kuba babengenamkhosi wamanzi okanye umlindi wonxweme owabo. Uninzi lwabantu baseMelika lwalubaxhasa. Ngaba oku kwahluke kakhulu?
Ngaba besilindele ukuba abantu baseSomalia abalambileyo beme ngokuthe cwaka kwiilwandle zabo, babhexe kwinkunkuma yethu yenyukliya, basibukele sihlutha iintlanzi zabo ukuze bazitye kwiindawo zokutyela eLondon naseParis naseRome? Asizange sisebenze kwezo zenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho - kodwa xa abanye abalobi baphendule ngokuphazamisa i-transit-corridor ye-20 yepesenti ye-oyile yehlabathi, siqala ukukhala "ngobubi." Ukuba ngenene sifuna ukujongana nobuqhetseba, kufuneka siyeke oyena nobangela walo - ulwaphulo-mthetho lwethu - phambi kokuba sithumele izikhephe zompu ukuba zisiphule neengcambu izaphuli-mthetho zaseSomalia.
Ibali lemfazwe ye-2009 malunga ne-piracy lashwankathelwa kakuhle ngenye i-pirate, eyayiphila kwaye yafa kwinkulungwane yesine BC. Wabanjwa waza waziswa kuAleksandire Omkhulu, owafuna ukwazi โinto awayeyithetha ngokugcina ulwandle.โ I-pirate yancuma, yaza yaphendula: "Uthetha ukuthini ngokuthatha umhlaba wonke; kodwa ngenxa yokuba ndiyenza ngenqanawa encinci, ndibizwa ngokuba ngumphangi, ngelixa wena, owenza ngeenqwelo ezinkulu, ubizwa ngokuba ngumlawuli." Kwakhona, iinqanawa zethu ezinkulu zasebukhosini zingena namhlanje - kodwa ngubani umphangi?
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