NgoLwesibini, umhla wesi-5 kuJuni, yayilusuku olubi kubasebenzi bakarhulumente ukusuka kunxweme olusentshona ukuya kumbindi-ntshona. Abavoti baseSan Diego naseSan Jose bavume ukucuthwa kweenzuzo zomhlalaphantsi kubasebenzi besixeko sabo, nto leyo ekhokelele amaphephandaba amakhulu ukuba abhengeze (ngokuchanekileyo) ukuba ngaphezulu โkohlaziyo lwepenshiniโ yolu hlobo lusendleleni, nangona ukuxhathisa kwabasebenzi kunye nomhlalaphantsi kuyo. Ngeli xesha, eWisconsin, abasebenzi kunye namahlakani ayo abaphumelelanga ukukhupha iRhuluneli yaseRiphabhlikhi uScott Walker owahlutha i-American Federation of State, County, kunye naBaqeshwa bakaMasipala (AFSCME) kunye nabanye abasebenzi banelungelo labo leminyaka engamashumi amahlanu ubudala lokufumana izivumelwano zeemanyano.
Ngaphakathi kwe-ASFSCME, ukubuyiselwa umva kweenzuzo ezidityanisiweyo zothethathethwano kunye, eWisccin, ukupheliswa kokuthethana ngokwako, kunike abanye abaphembeleli imvakalelo yongxamiseko malunga nokushukumisa ubunkokeli bombutho wabo ongamalungu esi-1.4 sezigidi. Ukusukela kwimvukelo yabasebenzi eMadison kwiinyanga ezilishumi elinesithandathu ezidlulileyo, amalungu e-Wisconsin Council 40 ye-AFSCME ibiphambili kumzabalazo wenqanaba kunye nefayile ngokuchasene nokugxothwa kwemibutho yoluntu. Ngomhla wesi-5 kuJuni, bahlanganisa abavoti abaxhasa abasebenzi kwilizwe labo kwiinzame ezingaphumelelanga zokukhumbula u-Walker. Kwaye ngoku abanye bajonge kumboniso kaJuni 18-22 eLos Angeles, apho banethemba lokwenza ngcono kumlo onyukayo ngaphakathi kwe-AFSCME ngokwayo.
Ivoti yale veki izayo ngabathunywa abangama-3,500 abanyuliweyo kwindibano yesizwe ye-AFSCME iya kuthatha isigqibo sokuba ngubani oza kuthatha indawo kuGerry McEntee oneminyaka engama-77 njengomongameli wombutho wesithathu ngobukhulu wase-US. UMcEntee uthatha umhlala phantsi kule nyanga emva kweminyaka engama-30 ekwi-ofisi. Abagxeki bangaphakathi bendlalifa yakhe ebonakalayo-uNobhala we-AFSCME-uNondyebo u-Lee Saunders-bajonga olu nyulo lushushu njengethuba elinqabileyo lokuvuselela umanyano ngexesha lomngcipheko omkhulu kubo bonke abasebenzi bakarhulumente, kubandakanya amawaka amalungu e-AFSCME eCalifornia.
Umsebenzi wombutho wesizwe ngaphezulu kweminyaka engamashumi amathathu, uSaunders wonyulwa kancinci kwisikhundla akuso emva kokuba umanduleli wakhe, uBill Lucy, ethathe umhlala phantsi kwiminyaka emibini eyadlulayo. UMcEntee wamxhasa uSaunders naye ngelo xesha, kodwa uLucy, ongomnye wabona bantu bakwizikhundla eziphezulu zase-Afrika-baseMelika emsebenzini olungelelanisiweyo, uthanda uDanny Donohue, umongameli we-AFSCME Local 1000-ilungu le-272,000 yabasebenzi beNkonzo kaRhulumente (CSEA) eNew York.
Ngo-2010, uDonohue wabaleka ngenkxaso yamaqabane e-AFSCME aye ecaphukela isimbo sobunkokeli sikaMcEntee esiphakamileyo kunye nokuqhuba kwakhe umanyano, ngokulawulwa kude, ukusuka kwikhaya lakhe leholide eFlorida. Kwindibano yeraucus eBoston ngo-2010- usihlalo owayenempikiswano nguMcEntee ngokwakhe-Saunders wafumana iivoti ezingama-652,660 kwi-649,356 kaDonohure. (Abathunywa be-AFSCME baphose ivoti ebonisa amandla obulungu obuhambelanayo bemibutho yasekuhlaleni abayimeleyo; amabhunga esithili ngamaqumrhu alungelelanisayo akhiwe ngamagosa asuka kuluntu oluninzi lwe-AFSCME kummandla othile okanye kummandla.)
Umnxeba wokuvuka waseWisconsin?
Kumdibaniso walo nyaka wobumongameli, bobabini uSaunders, oneminyaka engama-60 ubudala wase-Afrika-waseMelika osuka eOhio, kunye noDonohue, omhlophe kwaye oneminyaka esixhenxe ubudala, banamahlakani aseCalifornia afuna ukuba ngunobhala-nondyebo wokuqala womanyano. Kwitikiti elithi "Ukuqhubela Phambili Ndawonye", uSaunders ubaleka nomntu owayesakuba ngumsebenzi wokunyamekela ekhaya, uLaura Reyes, osele esebenza kwibhodi yesigqeba se-AFSCME kunye nomongameli we-Local 3930 kumazantsi eCalifornia. Iqela likaDonohue elithi โOne AFSCMEโ libandakanya u-Alice Goff, ongumphambukeli osuka eBelize, owayesakuba ngumsebenzi wesixeko saseLos Angeles, kunye nomongameli wexesha elihlanu weBhunga leSithili se-AFSCME engama-22,000.
"Sifuna uDanny no-Alice ukuba babuyisele ugxininiso lwalo mbutho wamazwe ngamazwe kumalungu, kwiindawo eziphantsi," utshilo u-Anneliese Sheehan, umboneleli wabantwana waseWisconsin oza eLos Angeles kwiveki ezayo. Kwintlanganiso yeBhunga leSithili abathunywa be-40 ngo-Epreli, u-Sheehan kunye nabanye abaphembeleli ekulweni no-Walker baphumelele i-291 kwivoti ye-7 evuma i-Donohue ne-Goff. Esi senzo simele inguqu kwintando kaDonohue kwiminyaka emibini edlulileyo, xa ibhunga lahlukana ngokulinganayo phakathi kwabaxhasi bakhe kunye noSaunders.
Yintoni eyenza iBhunga leSithili 40 lamkele ngakumbi umngeni kaDonohue ngoku? NgokukaMarv Vike, oneendevu, umsebenzi wokulungisa uhola wendlela osuka eRock County, eWisconsin, ukungenelela kwezopolitiko โngamandongomane aphiko lasekuneneโ yayilubizo olukhulu lokuvuka. UVike uthi: โAsinakuphinda sikuyeke ukulinda kwethu. โXa amalungu ejongene nolu hlobo lohlaselo esilubonileyo apha nakwilizwe liphela, sifuna iinkokeli ezikwinqanaba kunye nefayile, ezinokuthi zisincede siphinde sakhe le manyano ukusuka ekuqaleni ukuya phezulu, kurhulumente ngorhulumente, isixeko ngesixeko, kwingingqi ngengingqi. .โ
Ngelixa uDonohue egxininise imvelaphi yakhe njengelungu elisebenzayo le-CSEA/AFSCME, ngaphambi kokuba anyukele phezulu kwisikhundla sakhe esinyuliweyo ngo-1994. USaunders uye wagxininisa indima yakhe kuthotho lwezikhundla zabasebenzi abaqeshwayo, kuquka ukusebenza njengetrasti ye-AFSCME District Council. 37 kwisiXeko saseNew York emva kokuba singene zwabha kurhwaphilizo ekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1990. USaunders uthembisa ukuqinisa imanyano ekhoyo ye-AFSCME kunye namaqela angengawo abasebenzi "ukugcina imali yomhlalaphantsi, ukuphelisa ushishino lwabucala, kunye nokumisa ukucuthwa kohlahlo lwabiwo-mali kwilizwe lonke." Utyhola uDonohue ngokusilela ukuxhathisa iimvumelwano zekhontrakthi ye-CSEA efunwe kunyaka ophelileyo yiRhuluneli u-Andrew Cuomo kwaye engaququzeleli amalungu amatsha ngokwaneleyo (nangona i-CSEA idityaniswe nenye inyunyana ukuze iququzelele i-60,000 yabanikezeli bononophelo lwabantwana kwiminyaka nje emihlanu edlulileyo).
UDonohue uye waphikisa ukuba uMcEntee kunye neprotector yakhe, uSaunders, bagxile kakhulu kwezopolitiko ngaphakathi kweBeltway. Njengoko uDonohue uxelele Ngala Maxesha intatheli uMike Elk ngoFebruwari, "Asizange senze njengoko besifanele senze ekuphuhliseni amandla okubambisana kwinqanaba likarhulumente kwilizwe lonke. Andicingi ukuba kufuneka sixhase yonke iDemokhrasi kuba ngamanye amaxesha, ndicinga ukuba kufuneka sijonge ukuxhasa abantu baseRiphabhlikhi kurhulumente nasekhaya xa besixhasa.
Oko waba ligosa elonyuliweyo okokuqala kwiminyaka emibini eyadlulayo, uSaunders uzame ukuphakamisa iprofayile yakhe yoluntu. Ngentwasahlobo, yena noMcEntee bade bapapasha (isiporho esincediswayo) incwadi enesihloko esithi, Umzuzu ongundoqo wesitrato: Ukulwa uBuyela ukugcina iPhupha laseMelika. Ifumaneka kwiiNcwadi zeSizwe, ichaza uhlaselo lwangoku lwezopolitiko kubasebenzi bakarhulumente kwaye ifuna "ukubhalisa abantu abaninzi baseMelika kumzabalazo wokusindisa umphefumlo wesizwe sethu kunye nokubuyisela amandla kwakhona ebantwini."
Amandla Ebantwini?
Ayinguye wonke umntu kwezi nkampu zombini uthanda ukunika โamandla abantuโ ngakumbi. Ngaphakathi AFSCME, nangona kunjalo. Izileyiti zobunkokeli ezikhuphisanayo zithatha inkxaso yazo kumaphiko afanayo olawulo lwe-AFSCME olwaqala ukuphindaphindana omnye komnye ngo-2010, emva kweminyaka emininzi yokungavisisani phakathi kukaMcEntee noLucy. Njengoko kudla ngokubakho kwipolitiki yomanyano, i-Donohue-Saunders rematch ibangele ukulungelelaniswa okungaqhelekanga kwinqanaba lendawo.
Emantla eCalifornia, omnye umguquleli we-AFSCME (ocele ukuba angaziwa) unika ingxelo yokuba "wahlaselwa ngabameli bezizwe ngezizwe be-AFSCME kunye neqela labo elincinci labalandeli abazinzileyo nabanethuba" xa yena nabanye "bazama ukubuyisela idemokhrasi" kumalungu akhe angama-5,000. basekuhlaleni abasebenzi bakarhulumente. Ngoku ezinye zeentshaba zakhe zangaphambili zomanyano zixhasa uDonohue ngoko ke, ngokombono weli lungu, โelona cala liqhubela phambili kolu ngquzulwano ngaphakathi kwe-AFSCME liqela lika-Lee Saunders.โ
U-Kathyrn Lybarger, umgcini-gadi kwiYunivesithi yaseCalifornia-Berkeley kunye ne-activist eshiywe ngabasebenzi, unyulwe ngoNovemba ophelileyo njengomongameli we-21,000 ye-Local 3299 yamalungu kwi-slate yohlaziyo ebizwa ngokuthi "Amalungu kuqala." Njengencwadana yeendaba esekwe eDetroit Amanqaku abasebenzi ingxelo, abasebenzi baseyunivesithi ababengonwabanga bamgxotha uLakesha Harrison, โowayengumhlobo wexesha elideโ kaLee Saunders, owayethethe ngokubuyisela kwaye waphulukana nonxibelelwano nenqanaba kunye nefayile. โNgenkxaso ye-AFSCME International, uHarrison kunye nosekela-mongameli nabo baye benza iphulo lokutshintsha umgaqo-siseko wasekhaya ukuze bagxininise amandla ezandleni zabo,โ ngokutsho kweLabour Notes.
Xa amagosa aphezulu ama-5 kwa-6 oyiswayo ngomjikelo osi-2 ukuya ko-1, uHarrison namahlakani akhe bazama ukubavalela ngaphandle abaphumeleleyo kwiofisi yomanyano baza bafaka โizityholo zobuxoki ezijoliswe kubunjineli bolawulo lwamazwe ngamazwe ukubuyisela iHarrison.โ (Isibheno sabo sokugqibela sonyulo siya kuviwa kwindibano yaseLos Angeles.)
Ngo-Ephreli, uLybarger kunye nebhodi entsha ye-3299 yenza udliwano-ndlebe lwemizuzu engama-30 kunye noDonohue kunye noSaunders. Ngokutsho kukaLybarger, "UDonohue uthe izinto endicinga ukuba ibhodi yam iya kusabela kuyo." Kodwa ivoti yokuxhasa iSaunders yayimxhelo mnye kwaye yayincinci ingxoxo. โUSaunders uye wafika kwindawo yethu-hayi kwezi nyanga zintandathu zidlulileyo kodwa kakhulu phambi kwayo,โ utshilo uLybarger. โKuninzi ukwakhiwa ngokutsha ekufuneka sikwenzile. Sikwazama ukuphumelela umlo omkhulu wekhontrakthi nomqeshi wesithathu ngobukhulu kurhulumente. โ (Xa wayebuzwa malunga nolu gunyaziso lukamongameli liqela elitsha elonyuliweyo labahlaziyi bombutho wasekhaya, umcebisi kaDonohue ucebise ukuba i-3299 yamkele kuphela iSaunders ukunqanda ukubekwa phantsi kwetrasti okanye ukuphulukana nenkxaso yemanyano yesizwe kwiphulo layo lekhontrakthi ka-2012.)
NamaSocialists akavumelani
Ngeli xesha, eChicago, elinye igosa lomanyano lasekhaya elisekhohlo lithanda (โngobubi obuncinciโ) umgqatswa wobumongameli exhaswa ziinkokeli zeBhunga le-Illinois AFSCME ahlala engavumelani nazo. USteve Edwards, umongameli oza kuba ngumhlala phantsi we-AFSCME Local 2858, uye kwiindibano zesizwe ezilithoba; eLos Angeles, uxhasa uDonohue kuba โuDanny akangomlandeli okhethwe ngesandla nguGerry McEntee.โ Umsebenzi wentlalontle kunye nelungu le-Socialist Alternative, u-Edward ungumchasi wexesha elide ngaphakathi kweBhunga leSithili 31, amagosa akhe aphezulu, uHenry Bayer noRoberta Lynch, ngabaxhasi abaphambili be-Donohue kwibhodi yesigqeba se-AFSCME kunye nabaxhasi beDemocratic Party basekhaya. Kwindibano yokugqibela ye-AFSCME, u-Edward uye wanikela intetho eyamkelwe kakuhle emgangathweni ebonisa ukuba "ubudlelwane be-AFSCME kunye neeDemocrats bunzima kangangokuba asikwazi ukuxoxa ngeyona mibuzo isisiseko ebalulekileyo kwimibutho-ekuphela koluhlu lweembono olululo. kuvunyelwe kwiintlanganiso zethu yinto eyamkelekileyo kwelinye okanye kwelinye iphiko leDemocratic Party. "
"Kubonakala ngathi uDonohue ufuna ukumka ekutshixekeni ngokupheleleyo kunye neKomiti yeSizwe yeDemokhrasi," utshilo uEdward. Kodwa โwahleka kakhulu ngesindululo sikaDonohue kuphela amkele umvuzo wee-$295,00 ngonyaka ukuba unyulwe njengomongameliโโkuba oko bekuya kunika inkokeli yeCSEA i-$90,000 ngonyaka ukongezelela kumvuzo wayo ngoku udityanisiweyo. U-Edward uqaphela ukuba umvuzo wakhe uphelele kwi-62,000 yeedola kunyaka ophelileyo-usondele kakhulu kumyinge wemivuzo yamalungu e-AFSCME. Kwimeko yothethathethwano lwemvumelwano kunye nobucukubhede becandelo likarhulumente, u-Edward uthi "akanaluvelwano" ngemivuzo encumisayo kunye nezinto eziluncedo kwikomkhulu le-AFSCME.
Njengomongameli, umzekelo, uMcEntee kudala ezonwabele iinkonzo zomqhubi wexesha elizeleyo wemoto yakhe yomanyano, kwaye i-AFSCME ihlawulele iinqwelomoya ezibiza imali eninzi kunye neminyaka yokuhamba kweklasi yokuqala ukuya ngapha nangapha phakathi kweWashington, DC kunye nendawo yokuhlala yaseMcEntee eNaples. , eFlorida. Imbuyekezo yakhe iyonke ngoku idlula i-$500,000 ngonyaka, ngoxa uSaunders efumana i-$310,000 ngonyaka (kunye nenye i-$123,000 yeendleko neenzuzo zakhe). Nditsho nomncedisi kaMcEntee ixesha elide, uPaul Booth-kunye nenkokeli yexesha elinye yaBafundi kuMbutho weDemokhrasi- wenza phantse iidola ezingama-240,000 ngonyaka, umvuzo omkhulu kuneemanyano ezinkulu zemizi-mveliso efana naBasebenzi bezeMoto, abaSebenzi bentsimbi, kunye nabaSebenzi bezoNxibelelwano bahlawula imali yabo. oomongameli belizwe!
Phantsi kotshintsho lomgaqo-siseko olucetywayo lukaDonohue, unobhala we-AFSCME unobhala wentlawulo uya kuhla aye kwikota yesigidi seedola ngonyaka. Xa wayebuzwa malunga noku ngamalungu eBhunga angama-40 ngo-Epreli, uSaunders wala ukutsho ukuba uyakuxhasa na ukwamkelwa kwengqungquthela yokucuthwa kwemivuzo yamagosa aphezulu-inyathelo lokuqiniswa ibhanti elingafanelanga "njengokulingana kwedini" xa amalungu amaninzi e-AFSCME efumana ukuthotywa kwemivuzo. okanye imikhenkce kwilizwe jikelele.
Idemokhrasi iyasebenza?
Njengoko indibano yeveki ezayo isondela, omabini amacala kumlo wobunkokeli arhweba ngezityholo malunga nonyulo olungafanelekanga-ukuqhubela phambili kwengxabano phakathi kweSaunders kunye noDonohue malunga nenkqubo yokuvota kwindibano kwiminyaka emibini edlulileyo eBoston. Amalungu ebhodi elawulayo ye-AFSCME achithe ixesha elininzi ukusukela ngoJanuwari ejijisana buqu malunga nokuba iyakuba yintoni imigaqo kule ndibano. Ukungavisisani kuye kwavela (kwaye ezinye zihlala zingasonjululwanga) malunga nabakhi-mkhanyo bonyulo, indima yabasebenzi bemibutho yabasebenzi abasebenza njengabathunywa, kunye nendlela abathunywa ngabanye kufuneka bakhululwe "kwibhloko yokuvota" ngabantu basekuhlaleni ukuba bakhetha ukuvotela umgqatswa owahlukileyo. (apho inkampu ye-Donohue ibango lokuba abathunywa abavela kwezinye iindawo, njenge-3299, baya kuyenza xa befika eLos Angeles).
Bobabini abakhuphisanayo kwisithsaba se-AFSCME baye bavuma, ngokusemthethweni, ukuba baxoxisane kwindibano-umsebenzi wedemokhrasi onokuba ngumzekelo weminye imibutho ukuba ilandele (ukuba iyenzeka, ngokwenene, iyenzeka). Kodwa iveza ukuba akukho namnye umgqatswa kamongameli ovumela ubulungu be-AFSCME ukuba buvotele amagosa aphezulu emanyano, uhlobo lwedemokhrasi yangaphakathi eyenziwa liqaqobana lemibutho yabasebenzi kazwelonke. Nangona inkqubo yelungu elilodwa / enye yevoti yokukhethwa kobunkokeli ibonisa ezinye iingxaki zayo, iye yanceda ukuzisa utshintsho olukhulu kwi-United Mine Workers kunye ne-Teamsters, kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kwixesha elidlulileyo. Kwaye kungenxa yokuba ithatha amandla okwenza izigqibo ezandleni zamawaka ambalwa abathunywa bemanyano yasekhaya kwindibano elawulayo kwaye ibeka loo mandla ezandleni zenqanaba kunye nefayile. Ukuba isiphumo somdlalo weSaunders-Donohue siyafana nesaseBoston kwiminyaka emibini edlulileyo, abaxhasi bakaDonohue banokuba ngabaguquli abatsha kwindlela yedemokhrasi.
USteve Early yintatheli yezabasebenzi, igqwetha, kunye nomququzeleli wexesha elide oye wanceda abahlaziyi beemanyano kubasebenzi baseMigodini, abaQela, abaSebenzi bentsimbi, abaSebenzi bezoNxibelelwano, abaSebenzi beNkonzo, kunye neminye imibutho. Ungumbhali, kutshanje, we Iimfazwe zamakhaya kwi-US Labor ukusuka kwiincwadi zeHaymarket.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa ngemali kuphela ngesisa sabafundi bayo.
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