Kangangeminyaka, i-behemoth yehlabathi, i-Walmart, ibonakala ingenakukwazi ukulungelelanisa iinzame. Iimanyano, ngokukodwa i Ukutya okuManyeneyo kunye nabasebenzi boRhwebo (UFCW), bazamile ukuququzelela abasebenzi bokuthengisa kwinkampani-eyaziwa kudala ngamaxabiso aphantsi kunye nemivuzo yentlupheko-kodwa umanyano olunobunkunkqele lwenkampani luhlala luphumelela usuku.
Ke iyamangala kwabaninzi ukuva, kubonakala ngathi bangaphandle, ukuba abasebenzi kuzo zombini iingalo zokuthengisa kunye nokuhanjiswa kwenkampani waphuma emsebenzini e-Illinois, eMaryland, eDallas, eCalifornia, nakwezinye iindawo kule nyanga iphelileyo. Abasebenzi bovimba abagwayimbileyo baququzelele kunye Warehouse Workers United eCarlifonia kunye Warehouse Workers for Justice e-Illinois; abasebenzi abathengisa kwilizwe jikelele nge IWalmart yethu-yonke imibutho enemibutho, kodwa engeyiyo imibutho ngokwayo.
Ngale maxesha ubuze umbhali-mbali wezabasebenzi uNelson Lichtenstein ukuba akhuphe ukukhanya kutsha nje lwezidubedube zabasebenzi baseWalmart. U-Lichtenstein, umlawuli weZiko leSifundo soMsebenzi, uMsebenzi kunye neDemokhrasi kunye nonjingalwazi wembali kwiYunivesithi yaseCalifornia-Santa Barbara, uye waqaphela ixesha elide izenzo zezoshishino zeWalmart kunye neenzame zabasebenzi zokuququzelela apho. Ungumbhali we Uguqulo loRhwebo: Indlela iWalmart eyadala ngayo iLizwe elitsha eliBukhalipha leShishini.
Kubekho iinzame ezidlulileyo zeemanyano zokuququzelela abasebenzi baseWalmart abangafumananga nto ingako. Yintoni etshintshileyo?
Kwiminyaka elishumi edlulileyo, i-UFCW yahamba ngendlela ye-orthodox yokulungelelanisa. Kwakukho abasebenzi ababetyikitya amakhadi emibutho yabasebenzi, kuquka nezininzi kwezinye iindawo. Kodwa iWalmart yayilungile kakhulu ekusebenziseni umthetho wabasebenzi osele ukho, osebenza ngokugqithisileyo, ukuwucudisa. I-UFCW yabona ukuba ayizukusebenza loo nto. Ngoko iWalmart YETHU [UMbutho oManyeneyo wokuHlonipha eWalmart] luhlobo oluthile lokubuyela kwiinkqubo zabasebenzi ngeminyaka yee-1930. Ngumbutho-abajonganga isatifikethi sasemthethweni, ababanga ukuba bamele wonke umntu. Bambalwa abazimiseleyo ukukhupha iintamo zabo.
Luqhankqalazo lomboniso. Kumsebenzi ngamnye ophuma phandle aze okunene abambe uphawu lwepiki, unokuqiniseka ukuba abasebenzi abangama-25 ngaphakathi evenkileni okanye kwezinye iivenkile baziva ngendlela efanayo kodwa bayoyika ukuchazwa esidlangalaleni.
Eyona nto imangalisayo kukuba le yangoku yabasebenzi abakruqukileyo ibisoloko ikhona. Kodwa kwixesha elidlulileyo, unokuqiniseka ukuba xa umsebenzi, okanye umphathi oncedisayo, engazange akhuphe umgca weWalmart, baya kugxothwa. Hayi ngokukhawuleza, ukuhlala kwicala lasekunene lomthetho wezabasebenzi, kodwa phakathi nonyaka, unokuqiniseka ukuba baya kuba bengekho.
Ukuba, kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ezizayo, iWalmart ayiphindisi ngokucwangcisiweyo kwaba basebenzi bagwayimbileyo, iya kubonisa abanye abasebenzi ukuba banokubambelela. zabo iintamo ngaphandle. Kuya kukhuthaza abanye abasebenzi ukuba benze into efanayo. Ezi zenzo zinokuba yincam yomkhenkce.
Bobabini abathengisi kunye nabasebenzi bendawo yokugcina iimpahla babandakanyeka ugwayimbo lwemisebenzi olungenabulungisa-iqhinga elinobungozi obunethuba eliphezulu lokungaphumeleli.
Ewe, yintoni ukusilela kwaye yintoni impumelelo? Ukuba uqhankqalazo lubonakala kakhulu, kwaye abasebenzi bazichaza kumgca wepicket ngaphandle kwe-Walmart, kwaye abo basebenzi bagcina imisebenzi yabo, bathi, unyaka emva koko, kwaye akukho impindezelo ebonakalayo, yimpumelelo leyo.
Ngoku, ngokuqinisekileyo i-UFCW iyazi ukuba ayinakusuka nje ibashiye aba basebenzi, kwaye ibayeke bakhutshwe ngabanye ngabanye ngabaphathi kulo nyaka uzayo. Kufuneka babe khona kanye phezu kweWalmart, ke ukuba abantu banqunyulwe iiyure zabo okanye bafakwe kwishifti emdaka, banokubuya bathi, โUyaziphindezela. umsebenzi okhuselweyo odibeneyo. Aba basebenzi bakhuselwe ngumthetho wabasebenziโawunakuziphindezela kubo.โ
Olu qhankqalazo lwenzeka ngoko nangoko emva kokuba abasebenzi baseWalmart e-Elwood, Ill., babhengeze a uloyiso olukhulu ku ugwayimbo lwabo: Abasebenzi abangama-30 abathe bayeka emsebenzini ngoSeptemba babuyela emsebenzini ngoMgqibelo befumana umvuzo opheleleyo. Kubaluleke kangakanani ukuba ezi nzame zigxile kwinkqubo yokuhanjiswa kweWalmart kunye neevenkile ezithengisa ngaxeshanye?
Inzuzo yokhuphiswano lweWalmart yinkqubo yabo yokuhambisa ebalaseleyo. Kukho iileya ze-subcontractors, kodwa yonke inkqubo enye. Yi-sweatshop enkulu, apho uxinzelelo lufakwa kookontraka abancinci ukuba bacudise abasebenzi. Ishishini likhonkco lokubonelela, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ngubani umqeshi wezobugcisa.
Enye yeenzuzo zokukhuphisana kweWalmart kukukwazi kwabo ukuhambisa abasebenzi ngeendlela ababhekisa kuzo "njengoguquguqukayo." Ngena ngokuhlwanje, usebenze iiyure ezintathu ngomso, njalo njalo. Kubasebenzi, esi sisiphithiphithi. Ke impumelelo enkulu yolungiselelo iya kuba kukuba, kwiinyanga ezintandathu ezizayo, abasebenzi bafumana utshintsho oluqikelelwayo, okanye ukuba abaphathi beevenkile bacinga kabini phambi kokuba basuse umntu ukusuka kwishifti ukuya kwishifti.
Xa abasebenzi bavotela umbutho eQuebec yaye eneneni banyanzelwa ukuba bathethathethane nombutho wabasebenzi, imanyano ayizange icele ukunyuswa kwemivuzo okanye ukonyuswa kwezibonelelo. Babefuna nje ukunika abasebenzi iishiftiโukuze benze kube nokwenzeka ukuba abasebenzi baphile. Endaweni yokwenza oku, iWalmart yavala ivenkile. UWalmart wayesithi, "Asinakukwazi ukusebenza xa abasebenzi beqinisekile ngeshifti eqhelekileyo."
Kudliwanondlebe lwe show kuqhankqalazo, unjingalwazi weYunivesithi yaseColumbia uDorian Warren wathi iinzame zakudala zokuququzelela inkampani "bezixelwe kwangaphambili ngokwembono yeWalmart," kodwa ukuba ezi ndlela zintsha zokulungiselela ukuphazamisa ikhonkco lokusasaza ziyinto etshintshayo. Ingaba uyavumelana?
Ndiyavuma. Ndicinga ukuba iWalmart ayazi ukuba olu qhankqalazo luya kuphinda luvele rhoqo, oko kutshintsha izinto. Kuya kufuneka bazibuze, "Ngaba siza kuba nenye inkcazo yeendaba, okanye ngaba siza kutshintsha iimeko zokusebenza?" Kwaye njengoko benditshilo, ukuba aba basebenzi banokubaleka bengaziphindezeli, oko kuya kubaqinisa abanye abasebenzi kwixesha elizayo. Uninzi lwembali yabasebenzi lwenzeka xa kungekho manyano, kunye noxinzelelo olungekho sikweni, olufihlakeleyo. Nantso into eyenzekayo apha.
I-Walmart igxininise, ngokufuthi ndlongo, kwenye yembalelwano yayo PR ukuba ayiziva isoyikiswa zezi zenzo, ukuba oku nje ishishini njengesiqhelo phakathi kwabo kunye UFCW. Ngaba ucinga ukuba inkampani ibuva ubushushu?
Iminyaka emininzi, bekukho uhlobo lwemfazwe yobuciko phakathi kwenkululeko kunye neWalmart malunga nokuba irekhodi yenkampani kwimiba emininzi, ukusuka kwi-sweatshops e-China ukuya kokusingqongileyo. Kodwa ngoku, unabasebenzi bokwenyani abaphume kugwayimbo.
Oku kongeza ukuba semthethweni okuninzi kokugxeka kweWalmart. Udinga abasebenzi bokwenyani beWalmart, abanamagama kunye nobuso, ukuxoxa ityala ngokuchasene nenkampani. Kuba oko kubeka ingqwalasela kanye apho kufanele ukuba ibekho: kubasebenzi kunye neemeko zabo zokuhlala.
Abakhululi benkululeko bebesoloko bebeka izigxeko ezingavakaliyo zeWalmart; olu qhankqalazo lunokwenza ezo zigxeko zicace ngakumbi.
Ewe. Uqhankqalazo luthatha izinto ngaphaya kokugxeka kweWalmart-nto leyo egxekayo, kodwa ayizukusombulula ezi ngxaki. Eminye imiba efana nokusingqongileyo ibalulekile, kodwa owona mba uphambili ngowokuba, luthini umlinganiswa womsebenzi eWalmart? Abasebenzi abekho emgceni wepikethi ngenxa yerekhodi yendalo yeWalmart, okanye ngenxa yee-sweatshops eTshayina, zombini ezoyikekayo. Bazama ukutshintsha ubomi babo bemihla ngemihla. Kwaye lo ngundoqo wento eyenziwa ngumbutho wabasebenzi.
NGALOMBHHALI
UMicah Uetricht ngumququzeleli wabasebenzi eChicago kunye nombhali onegalelo Kula Maxesha. Ubhalele iSalon, The Nation, The American Prospect, Jacobin, and Labour Notes, kwaye wayengumbhali wabasebenzi beCampusProgress.org. Okona kubaluleke kakhulu, ukwangumntu onebhongo wangaphambili Kula maxesha omhleli. Mlandele kuTwitter @micahuetricht okanye uqhagamshelane naye micah [dot] uetricht [ku] gmail [dot] com.
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