Amaza obushushu basehlotyeni, iindudumo kunye nemozulu embi (njengenkanyamba kunene isaqhwithi apha eWashington) sibonakala ngathi sithe chu kancinci okwangoku. Kodwa iimfazwe kunye nemisebenzi kunye nezoyikiso zeemfazwe ezintsha azizange zehle kakhulu.
Ngaphambi kokuba ndifike kwindawo yohlalutyo, isikhumbuzo esikhawulezayo sento esijongene nayo sonke. Kwiveki ephelileyo kwenye yeenkcazo eziqhelekileyo zeSebe likaRhulumente, isithethi sikaVictoria Nuland sitsale ingqalelo yoonondaba kwingxelo esandula kukhutshwa yeHuman Rights Watch malunga nentuthumbo kunye nokuvalelwa okwenziwa ngurhulumente waseSyria. Ubuzwe ukuba iSebe likaRhulumente liyayikholelwa na ingxelo ukuze uthembeke, isithethi saqhubeka:
NKSK. NULAND: Asinasizathu sokukholelwa ukuba ayinakuthenjwa. Isekwe kwiiakhawunti zamangqina okuzibonela, kwaye banika ingxelo kuluhlu olubanzi lwamanani amalungelo oluntu ngaphakathi eSyria.
UMBUZO: Ke kwixesha elizayo i-Human Rights Watch iphuma nengxelo egxeka uSirayeli ngokuphathwa kwawo amaPalestine, ndiya kucinga ukuba uza kuthetha into enye, ichanekile, ucinga ukuba ingxelo injalo. iyakholeleka, isekelwe kwiingxelo zabantu abazibonela ngawabo amehlo? …
UMBUZO: Kwaye awuzukutsho ukuba iqhutywa yipolitiki kwaye kufuneka ichithwe?
NKSK. NULAND: Mat, njengoko uye wacacisa ngokuphindaphindiweyo kweli gumbi, asisoloko sihambelana. (Isishwankathelo esigcweleyo - kunye nezimvo ezimbalwa ezixabisekileyo - kunjalo Apha.)
I-IRAN-IZIZOYISELO ZEMFA IYAQHUBEKA
"Ayingqinelani." Elo iya kuba ligama elichubekileyo kuyo, ndiyacinga. Logama sithetha ngeSebe likaRhulumente, kwavela omnye umba malunga ne-Iran. Ndibuze kwiposti yebhlog yamva nje, "Ngaba iSebe likaRhulumente lihamba kakubi, okanye lilibale indlela yokupela?" Nokuba yeyiphi na indlela, sisengxakini encinci. Ukulandela intlanganiso ye-US-Israel "yentsebenziswano yeqhinga", iSebe likaRhulumente lenze amabango angaqhelekanga ekungekho mntu wumbi kulawulo obonakala ewazi, eqaphela ukuba i-US kunye ne-Israel ziye zathetha. inkxalabo yabo yokuba i-Iran ibandakanyeka "kumzamo oqhubekayo wokuphuhlisa izixhobo zenyukliya." Kwakungekho ngcaciso yokuba kutheni ukuqukunjelwa kwale ngxoxo yase-US-Israel kubonakala ngathi kubhabha ebusweni beyona ndawo ye-arhente yobuntlola yase-US malunga nenyukliya yase-Iran. Inkqubo, ethi i-Iran ayinazo izixhobo zenyukliya kuphela, kwaye ayakhi isixhobo senyukliya, kodwa uTehran akade enze isigqibo malunga. nokuba ukwakha isixhobo senyukliya. (Kumbuzo wopelo, jonga kwi ngeposi blog).
Enyanisweni a ingxelo yamva nje yePentagon ichaze ngokucacileyo ukuba iqhinga lomkhosi lase-Iran likhusela ngokwenene - lenzelwe "ukunyanzela isisombululo kwimfazwe." (Apho umhlobo wam osenyongweni uBob Naiman, weJust Foreign Policy, waphendula wathi, “Yekani loo maPersi anobuqhophololo kunye nediplomacy yabo! endaweni yokubaleka njengeentsana ezikhalayo ukuya kukhala kuMama eGeneva naseNew York?")
Isoyikiso semfazwe e-Iran sihleli, noxinzelelo lwe-Israel lokuqhubeka emkhosini, kwaye i-US ibeka izohlwayo eziqatha. Okwangoku andiqondi ukuba kuya kubakho uqhankqalazo lomkhosi wamaSirayeli (okanye i-US-Israel) ngokuchasene ne-Iran kulo nyaka - kodwa ngenxa yeziphumo zoluntu, ezoqoqosho, ezopolitiko kunye namalungelo oluntu, nokuba kuncinci ukubakho koqhankqalazo olunjalo. kuyingozi kakhulu. NdandiseNew York kwiiveki ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo ukuze ndithethe kwindibano umsitho owawuququzelelwa yiGrannies Peace Brigade emangalisayo - elinye lamaqela endiwathandayo. Sathetha ngesizathu sokuba isisongelo semfazwe siseyingozi kangaka, nangona kunjalo zonke I-arhente yezobuntlola e-US, unobhala wezokhuselo, irector yezobuntlola kazwelonke, kunye nokunye, bonke bayavumelana ngezi ngongoma ndisandula kuzikhankanya-ukuba i-Iran ayifuni. baye isixhobo senyukliya, akunjalo isakhiwo isixhobo senyukliya, kwaye akade enze isigqibo sokuba okanye hayi ufuna isixhobo senyukliya. Ayisiyongozi yokwenyani evela eIran. Konke malunga nezopolitiko. Esinye sezizathu eziphambili ngeli xesha yindima yakwaSirayeli - apho inkulumbuso kunye nomphathiswa wezokhuselo babambelele kwizoyikiso zabo zomkhosi ngokuchasene neIran nangona kunjalo. Amagosa omkhosi akwaSirayeli nawobuntlola nawo anxamnye nogwayimbo lomkhosi.
Intetho yaseNew York iphinde yagxila kwizizathu zokwenyani zokuba kutheni iinkokeli zezopolitiko zakwaSirayeli zibona i-Iran njengesoyikiso. Ayisiyoyikiso ekhoyo evela kwisixhobo senyukliya i-Iran ayinaso. Kungenxa yokuba ulawulo lukaSirayeli lwangoku lwezixhobo zenyukliya ezingamakhulu aliqela kwisityalo sakhe saseDimona kunye nomthamo walo wesibini ovela kwiinkwili zenyukliya ezintsha ezifunyenwe eJamani zinika iTel Aviv ithuba elikhulu lobuchule/lomkhosi kulo mmandla, nangaphaya kwamandla ayo omkhosi wesibini ukuya kweyesibini. . Kwaye iNkulumbuso u-Netanyahu akalungiselelanga ukuba yinkokeli yakwa-Israel ekuwo umlindo wayo u-Israyeli ulahlekelwa ngurhulumente wezixhobo zenyukliya kuMbindi Mpuma. Ungabukela ividiyo yam kunye nooMakhulu Apha.
Ndikwathathe inxaxheba kwingxoxo enika umdla ngeIran Ibali lika-al-Jazeera "Ngaphakathi," kujongwe ngokukodwa kwiingozi ezidalwe kukunyuka kwamva nje kokubini kunye neentshukumo zaselwandle yi-U.S. kunye ne-Iran kwiStrait yaseHormuz. Loo ndledlana imxinwa, ekudlula kuyo ama-20 ekhulwini ezithuthi zeoli zehlabathi, ixinene ngendlela emangalisayo. Iinqanawa zemfazwe zase-US, abasebenzi basemigodini, kunye nokunye bahamba ngesikhephe ngaphakathi najikelele kwingxingwa, kunye neyona nto intsha yoMkhosi waManzi waseMelika. "isiseko esidadayo," inqanawa endala yothutho lomkhosi wenqanawa eyenziwe ngokutsha njengesiseko esingaselunxwemeni apho iilwandle, i-SEALS kunye neminye imikhosi ekhethekileyo inokuqalisa "i-counterterrorism" kunye nolunye uhlaselo. Kwaye ngaphaya kwee-asethi zaselwandle, ngokutsho kwe ENew York Times, "[s]emva kwentwasahlobo, iinqwelomoya zemfazwe ze-F-22 kunye ne-F-15C endala ziye zafudukela kwiziseko ezibini ezahlukeneyo kwiPersian Gulf ukuqinisa iijethi zokulwa esele zikummandla kunye namaqela [eenqwelo-moya] ezithwalayo ahlala engatshintshi. Ezo nqwelo-moya zohlaselo zongezelelekileyo zinika umkhosi wase-United States amandla amakhulu ngokuchasene neebhetri zemijukujelwa engaselunxwemeni ezinokusongela ukuthunyelwa kweenqanawa, kunye nokufikelela kwezinye iithagethi nzulu ngaphakathi kwe-Iran." (Ugxininiso lolwam.)
Akumangalisi ukuba, i-Iran iphendule kubukho bomkhosi wase-US kunye nokuhamba kwayo, kubandakanya nokuzilolonga komkhosi wamva nje. Ingozi, ewe, ngaphaya kokwenyuka ngamabomu, kukubakho kongquzulwano olungalindelekanga, ngengozi phakathi, masithi, iinqanawa ezincinci ezimbini zomkhosi, enye evela e-US kunye ne-Iranian enye. Ngaphandle kwenkqubo yonxibelelwano lwasemkhosini ukuya emkhosini (into engalindelekanga ukuba ivunywe nokuba yimali eyinkunzi ngoku) akukho ndlela yakusasaza isiganeko esincinci phambi kokuba sinyuke siye kwinto ebaluleke kakhulu, kwaye enokubakho ukuba ingalawuleki ngokupheleleyo. Ungayibukela ingxoxo ye-Al-Jazeera Apha.
SIRIYA
Ngelixa siqhubeka sisebenzela ukuthintela imfazwe e-Iran, ingxabano eSyria iyanda. IKomiti yeZizwe ngezizwe yoMnqamlezo oBomvu (ICRC) namhlanje ibhengeze ukuba iSyria ngoku ijongene nemfazwe yamakhaya epheleleyo. Oko kubalulekile, kuba i-ICRC, njengendawo yokugcina iiNgqungquthela ze-Geneva, inoxanduva lokumisela xa imithetho yemfazwe - into eyaziwa ngokuba ngumthetho woluntu lwamazwe ngamazwe - iyasebenza. Ngokuthi yimfazwe yamakhaya, kuthetha ukuba onke amacala abotshelelwe yiNgqungquthela yaseGeneva malunga nokukhuselwa kwabemi, ukuphathwa kwamabanjwa, nokunye.
Iimeko ezijongene namaSiriya aqhelekileyo zimbi, yaye umlo uye wanwenwela kumbindi weDamasko, ikomkhulu. Enye encinci yeendaba ezilungileyo yeza kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo ukusuka kwi intloko ye-UN yabakhi-mkhanyo kwimishini, uNjengele yaseNorway uRobert Mood, othe waqaphela ukuba iqela lakhe "liye lizibandakanya kwezinye iindawo ukuququzelela iingxoxo zengingqi phakathi kwamaqela njengoko befuna ukufumana inyathelo ngenyathelo ukwakha ukuzithemba kunye nokunqanda ukutshatyalaliswa kobundlobongela. Kulo mxholo, inkqubela phambili ekhuthazayo yenziwe ngamaqela. e-Deir Ezzor Sibona ukuhla okubonakalayo kobundlobongela kunye nokuzithemba okukhulayo kwindlela enokwenzeka yenyathelo nenyathelo ukunqanda ubundlobongela….[T]ingxoxo yezopolitiko kufuneka iziswe ngaphakathi eSyria kwaye kufuneka sakhele kwinkqubela phambili esiyiyo. ukubona phantsi, siqaphela ngokukodwa inkqubo ekhuthazayo njengoko sithetha kwi-Deir Ezzor Ngaloo ngxoxo, kwaye siyiphakamisela kwinqanaba lesizwe, siya kufikelela ekuphelisweni kobundlobongela….. [Y]udinga isixhobo phantsi ejolise kakhulu kwezopolitiko, ebhetyebhetye ngakumbi ekusebenziseni kwaye ekwaziyo ukwakha kumanyathelo asekhaya, uthethathethwano lwasekhaya, olunokuthi luququzelele ukuthanda kwamaQela ukuhamba inyathelo ngenyathelo kwicala elilungileyo, njengoko sisenza eDeir Ezzor, kwaye ukusuka. ukuba singaya esenzweni kwinqanaba lesizwe."
Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi njengoko kubonakala ngathi kubonisa utshintsho kumsebenzi wobuthunywa. Ixhomekeke phantse ngokupheleleyo kulawulo lukaBashar al-Assad kunye nemikhosi ephikisayo esekelwe ngaphandle kweSiriya, ngokukodwa iBhunga leSizwe laseSiriya kunye nomkhosi wamahhala waseSyria, uninzi lwabo olwalayo ukuxoxisana de uAssad ahambe. Ngokuqala ukujongana nentshukumo engekabi nobundlobongela ngaphakathi kweSyria, kunye nemikhosi echasayo ngaphakathi ekulungele ukuxoxisana, kukho ithemba lokuba iqela le-UN emhlabeni lingakwazi ukuzisa oko iBhunga lezoKhuseleko likhona ngoku. ayiphumelelanga ukufezekisa - ukupheliswa kwangempela.
Isigunyaziso seqela labakhi-mkhanyo likaGen. Mood siyaphela kule veki, kwaye iBhunga lezoKhuseleko sele liza kuvota malunga nokuba liyawandiswa na umsebenzi walo. Onke amacala ayavuma ukuba kubalulekile ukugcina ababukeli be-UN phantsi. Kodwa i-US, ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, iyala ukuxhasa ukwandiswa kwesigunyaziso ngaphandle kokuba iBhunga lihamba phantsi kweSahluko VII se-UN Charter, ebandakanya ukuvunywa kokusetyenziswa komkhosi womkhosi kunye nezohlwayo zoqoqosho. Eli linyathelo eliyingozi kakhulu, njengoko lizise iWashington neMoscow leyo (kunye neBeijing) igatya naluphi na ugunyaziso lwe-UN lokubandakanya umkhosi wangaphandle, kwingxabano ngqo. Ukuba i-US ibambelele kwisikhundla sayo, kunokwenzeka ukuba iBhunga liya kuvumela isigunyaziso somkhi-mkhanyo ukuba siphelelwe lixesha, ngaloo ndlela kupheliswe intshukumo enye enokubakho yezozakuzo ebonakala ngathi ifezekisa iziphumo ezithile.
Ndabhala isiqwengana esingasemva esibanzi kungquzulwano, olubizwa "ISyria: Hayi kuNgenelelo, hayi kwiinkohliso, " kuquka "ngubani-ngubani" wemikhosi edlalayo kwimvukelo. Yapapashwa kwiwebhusayithi yeMondoweiss, phakathi kwabanye. (Uguqulelo olufutshane, "Kuphela iDiplomasia enokumisa iMfazwe," yapapashwa eAl-Jazeera.)
INKQUBO YASE-ARAB IYAQHUBEKA - KWAYE I-U.S. AYINCEDI
Ndiye ndafumana ukubhala ngezinye iindaba ezilungileyo ezivela kwi-Arab Spring. Unyulo lwaseYiphutha lubangele iziphumo ezixubeneyo, uninzi lwamatshantliziyo eTahrir Square ludanile ngokukrakra kukuba ukhetho lukamongameli lwehla kumkhosi wakudala ngokuchasene nenkcaso yakudala. Iseyimihlaba ekhuphisanayo, kunye nomkhosi waseYiputa ucela umngeni kwipalamente kunye nomongameli onyuliweyo, kodwa luhleko olumangalisayo lweminyaka engama-40 edlulileyo apho umkhosi kufuneka ubathathele ingqalelo abantu baseYiphutha kunye nabameli babo abanyuliweyo!
Isibhengezo esenziwe yikomishoni yolonyulo yaseYiphutha sokuba umgqatswa weMuslim Brotherhood u-Mohamed Morsi uphumelele ulonyulo lukamongameli kwiveki ephelileyo sisavelise ulonwabo eTahrir Square. Kodwa emva kwayo yonke loo mibhiyozo yayisisikhumbuzo esicacileyo sokuba inkqubo yenguqu yaseYiputa ihleli ingekagqitywa, nokuba iinjongo zayo zokukhululeka kubuzwilakhe, idemokhrasi yokwenene, kunye namalungelo oluntu azikafezeki. Abalandeli abaninzi be-Muslim Brotherhood babebhiyozela ukuba umgqatswa wabo, umbutho wakhe wawuvaliwe iminyaka emininzi, ngoku ubambe isihlalo esiphezulu samandla aseYiphutha. Kwabanye abaninzi, isimo sengqondo sasibonakalisa ukubhiyozelwa okuncinci komgqatswa kunesiqabu sokuba isoyikiso sabalawuli basemkhosini base-Egypt basenamandla (esafumana i-1.3 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngonyaka kuncedo lomkhosi wase-US) ukubuyisela umva ivoti ethandwayo ngokuxhasa umgqatswa wabo onyuliweyo u-Ahmad Shafiq, ayizukwenzeka - kunye nokuzinikela ekuqhubekeni nenkqubo yenguqu engekagqitywa eyasungulwa ngaphezu konyaka odlulileyo.
Kwaye okubangela umdla, i "Cinga-Tanked" ikholamu kwi Washington Post ndithathe iposti yam yebhlog ndijonge ukuba unyulo lwaseYiphutha lwalugutyungelwa njani.
Umgaqo-nkqubo wase-US kuMbindi Mpuma, kwaye ngakumbi ngakwiNtwasahlobo yama-Arabhu, yayingundoqo kwincoko enika umdla endiye ndayibamba. Incwadi kamabonakude ethi “Emva kwaMazwi” inkqubo kwi-C-SPAN, kudliwano-ndlebe noFawaz Gerges. Incwadi yakhe entsha ngomgaqo-nkqubo kaMongameli Obama woMbindi Mpuma yayisisiseko semibuzo emininzi kunye neengxoxo ezilungileyo.
Ngokuqinisekileyo amacandelo abanzi omgaqo-nkqubo wase-US akanathemba kangako. NdandiseChicago ngenxa yoqhanqalazo oluchasene nentlanganiso ye-NATO apho, kwaye ukufundisa kunye nemiboniso yayinkulu. Uqhankqalazo olukhokelwa ngamajoni aselula ase-Iraq kunye ne-Afghanistan ye-Iraq Veterans Against the War, emva koko abangama-45 kubo, omnye komnye, baphose ngasemva iimbasa zabo zokulwa ukuya kwintlanganiso yabaphathi be-NATO kwisiqingatha semayile, yayinamandla kakhulu.
Kodwa ngepesenti engalinganiyo yemali yerhafu yase-US equkuqela ukuya kwiPentagon, isoyikiso sokuthembela okukhulu kwe-US kumkhosi wasemkhosini endaweni yediplomacy ihlala iyinyani. Kungekudala emva kwengqungquthela ndajoyina Amy Goodman ngengxoxo ngekamva le-NATO kwiDemokhrasi Ngoku! Kwinkqubo ndithethe ngengxaki yehamile nesikhonkwane. Ukuba uyihamile, yonke into ibonakala ngathi isikhonkwane. Ukuba uyi-NATO, yonke into ibonakala ngathi idinga ukungenelela emkhosini. Sinomsebenzi omninzi ekufuneka siwenze.
IPALESTINE-ISRAEL — INKCAZO YOKUTSHINTSHA ISAKU
Kodwa ngelixa sithetha ngeendaba ezimnandi, zikho nasePalestina. Kwiiveki nje ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo iNdibano yeZizwe eziManyeneyo yeCawa yaseRhabe yase-USA ivotele ukuba yala zonke iimpahla eziveliswe ngokuhlaliswayo kwaye imemelele ezinye izizwe ukuba zizibandakanye nokwaywa okufanayo. Ngaphambili, indibano wayefuna ukuba kunqunyanyiswe uncedo lomkhosi wase-US kuSirayeli. Yayiluloyiso lwamva nje kwiphulo leminyaka esibhozo lokuzisa imigaqo-nkqubo yotyalo-mali yeCawa ukuba ihambelane nokuzibophelela kwayo kubulungisa boluntu. Isindululo esibizela ukwahlukaniswa kumaqumrhu athile - iCaterpillar, Motorola Solutions, kunye neHewlett-Packard - ingeniso ngomsebenzi kunye nomkhosi, ekugqibeleni sasuswa etafileni xa uninzi oluncinci (333 ukuya kuma-331 kunye nokurhoxa ezibini) savuma ukufowuna. ngevoti kutyalo-mali kumashishini asePalestina endaweni yoko. Oko kwakungelishwa, kodwa kukho zonke izizathu zokulindela ukuba i-divest ibuye kwi-ajenda kwiminyaka emibini.
Inkqubo iyonke yamaRhabe imele uloyiso olukhulu kumzabalazo wamalungelo asePalestine, kunye nenyathelo elikhulu kumzamo wokunikezela ngenkxaso yenkampani yase-US ngokuhlala kunye nocalucalulo. Ngexesha lengxoxo-mpikiswano yasePresbyterian, kwaphawuleka ukuba akukho namnye kwabachasi be-divestment owazama ukukhusela izenzo ze-Israel. Ingxoxo, ekugqibeleni, yayingekokuba izenzo zikaSirayeli zazingalunganga na, kodwa ngokulula ngakumbi, ukuba amaRhabe afanele ukwenza ntoni ekuphenduleni ezo ziphoso.
Iinzame zamaRhabe zalandela uloyiso olubalulekileyo kwiintsuku nje ezimbalwa ngaphambi koko. Umthengisi wotyalo-mali onamandla uMorgan Stanley Capital International (MSCI) wayisusa iCaterpillar kwisalathiso soxanduva lwentlalontle, yalandelwa kwiiyure ezingama-24 kamva sisigebenga sengxowa-mali yomhlalaphantsi. Isigqibo se-TIAA-CREF sokuntywila ngaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-72 zeedola zesitokhwe seCaterpillar. I I-Quaker Friends Fiduciary Corporation nayo iphumile $900,000 ukusuka Caterpillar.
Amaxesha atshintshile. Ivoti yasePresbyterian yokwala iimpahla zokuhlaliswa, ukuphelisa uncedo lomkhosi wase-US kuSirayeli, kunye nokunye, zombini zibonakalisa kwaye ziqhubela phambili olo tshintsho lunamandla. Ndade ndafumana i ileta eya kumhleli epapashwe kwi ENew York Times kolo loyiso lwakutsha nje lwezohlwayo zokwayikwa (BDS).
Ndiye ndenza iqela lokuthetha ngale nto mva nje. E-Paris kwinyanga edlulileyo ndathatha inxaxheba kwintlanganiso yamazwe ngamazwe kwi-UNESCO, phantsi kweKomiti ye-UN yokuSebenzisa amaLungelo angenakuphikiswa waBantu basePalestina, kunye nentlanganiso elandelayo yoluntu. Ngexesha lentlanganiso yezozakuzo, intetho yam igxile kwindima ye-UN kunye nokubaluleka kwentsebenziswano ye-UN noluntu xa idiplomacy yemveli isilela. I ividiyo yelo qela ilapha, kufuneka uskrolele ezantsi ukuya kwiPlenary III (unikezelo lwam luqala malunga nemizuzu eli-15 ngaphakathi). Ngethuba lentlanganiso yoluntu, ndigxininise kwisidingo sokwakha intshukumo yehlabathi ukunyanzela oorhulumente ukuba bacele umngeni kwi-US yokulawula i-diplomacy yase-Israel-Palestine ekhokelele kwiminyaka eyi-21 yokungaphumeleli, kwaye ithathe indawo yayo ngenkqubo ye-UN-based diplomatic based. kumthetho wamazwe ngamazwe kunye namalungelo oluntu, kunokuba amandla akhoyo. I Ividiyo yentlanganiso yoluntu ilapha, kwaye ungafumana intetho yam malunga nemizuzu eli-15 kwiCandelo I.
Kwaye nje kwiveki ephelileyo ndithethe kuthotho lwezifundo zangaphakathi kwiZiko lasePalestine, ndigxile kwindima yeentshukumo zentlalo yehlabathi kumzabalazo ongenabundlobongela wamalungelo asePalestina. Oko ividiyo ilapha.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa ngemali kuphela ngesisa sabafundi bayo.
Nikela