Idilesi enikwe ngu-Ali Abunimah kwiNdibano yeenkolo eziManyeneyo ngoXolo, iStetson Chapel, eKalamazoo College, eKalamazoo, eMichigan, nge-23 kaFebruwari 2003.
Sonke silapha namhlanje ngenxa yokuba sixhalatyiswa lithemba lemfazwe. Kodwa bangaphi kuthi abaziyo ukuba eli lizwe lisilwa ne-Iraq iminyaka engaphezu kweshumi elinesibini? Sixelelwa ukuba iIraq isisisongelo kuba inezixhobo ezitshabalalisayo. Bangaphi kuthi abakhumbulayo ukuba ngo-1991 iUnited States yatyhutyha i-Iraq, ingatshabalalisi nje izinto ekujoliswe kuzo emkhosini, kodwa unyango lwamanzi kunye nezityalo zogutyulo, iibhulorho kunye nezikhululo zombane?
Oku, kudityaniswe neminyaka elishumi elinesibini yezohlwayo kukhokelele ngokona qikelelo lweZizwe eziManyeneyo olunogcino lokufa ngaphezulu kwesigidi. Xa uNobhala kaRhulumente wase-US uMadeleine Albright wabuzwa kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo ukuba ucinga ukuba isiqingatha sesigidi sokufa sasilixabiso elifanele ukuhlawulelwa umgaqo-nkqubo oya e-Iraq, akazange acele umngeni kwinani. Uvele wathi "sicinga ukuba kufanelekile." Uninzi lwamaxhoba ngabantwana baseIraq abangaphantsi kweminyaka emihlanu, abadala kunye nabagulayo. Ngoku sicinga ngohlaselo olutshabalalisa ngakumbi uluntu olubuthathaka kakhulu. Izohlwayo ngokwenene zisisixhobo sokutshabalalisa abantu abaninzi.
Emva kweminyaka elishumi elinesibini yolu hlobo lwemfazwe, apho i-Iraq ingazange ikwazi ukuzikhusela, ulawulo lwaseBush ngoku lusixelela ukuba i-Iraq isisongelo esisondele kukhuseleko lwethu apha kangangokuba kufuneka siyihlasele kwangoko nokuba ilizwe liphela. ngokuchasene nathi. Banika izizathu ezithathu ezingundoqo kwaye ndifuna ukuchitha imizuzu nje embalwa ndijonge nganye kuba kufuneka sazi indlela yokuyidiliza kuba amajelo osasazo ayasilela ngokulusizi ukwenza umsebenzi ebekufanele ukuba awenze.
Izixhobo zokutshabalalisa
Abahloli abatsha baye bakhangela amakhulu eendawo kulo lonke elase-Iraq, kwaye bavavanya ngaphezulu kwe-300 yeesampulu zemichiza kunye nebhayoloji kwaye abafumananga bungqina bokuba i-Iraq inezixhobo ezivaliweyo zekhemikhali, zenyukliya okanye zebhayoloji. Zonke iziza ezithe i-US intelligence yathi izixhobo zajika zingenanto, kwaye abanye babahloli basanda kuxelela iindaba ze-CBS ukuba ulwazi abalufumana e-US 'yinkunkuma.' Abahloli be-UN bathi imifanekiso yesathelayithi eyaboniswa yi-US ayinaxabiso.
Uhlolo luyaqhubeka kwaye okoko nje kukho abahloli, i-Iraq ayinakho ukuphuhlisa nantoni na. Onke amazwe asemdeni weIraq achasene nale mfazwe. Kutshanje ndisuka eJordani, apho abantu baziva bengasoyiki kwaphela ukusuka e-Iraq. Kodwa baxhalabile kakhulu malunga nokuba iUnited States iceba ukwenza ntoni kwiyadi yabo engasemva. Kwanomphathi-mkhosi wakwaSirayeli, uNjengele Shaul Mofaz, uthi iIraq ayisisongelo sokwenene somkhosi kwaSirayeli.
Umsebenzi wokuhlola. Nditsho ne-US ivumile ukuba uhlolo olwenzeka ukusuka kwi-1991 ukuya kwi-1998 latshabalalisa izixhobo ezininzi zase-Iraqi kunako konke ukuqhushumba kwebhombu yase-US. I-Iraq namhlanje ayisiyongozi kwaphela. Khumbula ngo-1991, xa i-US yathi i-Iraq inomkhosi wesine ngobukhulu kunye nowona unamandla emhlabeni? Loo mkhosi wathabatha iiyure ezilikhulu ngokuchasene ne-US. Namhlanje umkhosi waseIraq awunalo neqhezu lamandla owawunawo ngo-1991.
Ngelixa sithetha ngezixhobo zase-Iraqi, abantu kwihlabathi lonke bothuswa kukuba i-United States kuphela kwelizwe emhlabeni elisoyikisa ukusebenzisa izixhobo zenyukliya ngokuchasene nabanye, kwaye ngoku sele iza kuqalisa inkqubo yokwakhiwa kweebhombu zenyukliya ezingakumbi ezinokubakho. zisetyenziswe ngokuchasene namazwe angeyiyo eyenyukliya. Unobhala wezoKhuseleko wase-US uDonald Rumsfeld kunye neqela lakhe baye bayilahla imfundiso yeNyukliya yeCold War 'yokutshabalaliswa okuqinisekisiweyo' eyaziwa ngokuba yi-'MAD '-eyenzelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo zenyukliya azisayi kuphinda zisetyenziswe-kwaye endaweni yayo yafakwa into ebizwa ngokuba yi-'NUTS'. imele 'ithiyori yokusetyenziswa kwenyukliya.' Bazimisele ukuba kusetyenziswe izixhobo zenyukliya, kwaye iUnited States ifanele kwakhona ibe lilizwe lokuqala ukuzisebenzisa. Ngaba le yindlela yokhuseleko?
Iraq โ Al-Qaida Links
Basixelela ukuba kukho ikhonkco phakathi kwe-Iraq kunye ne-Al-Qaida. Siye sikhohliswa kakhulu ngamajelo ethu eendaba kangangokuba ngaphezu kwesiqingatha sabantu baseMelika bakholelwa ukuba i-Iraq yayibandakanyeka kuhlaselo lwe-11 kaSeptemba, kwaye abanye okanye bonke abaqweqwedisi abazibulalayo babeyi-Iraqi. Enyanisweni akukho namnye kubo owayeyi-Iraqi, kwaye akukho norhulumente wase-US othi i-Iraq yayibandakanyekile kuhlaselo lwe-11 kaSeptemba.
I-US ayiphumelelanga ukubonisa ubungqina obudibanisa i-Iraq kunye ne-Al-Qaida. Enyanisweni zonke iinkonzo zobuntlola zehlabathi, kuquka i-CIA, iBritish, kunye nobukrelekrele bakwa-Israel bathi akukho bungqina bekhonkco. Kukho ubungqina obuninzi bokuba i-Iraq kunye ne-Al-Qaida ziintshaba. Ubungqina bude benziwe inkohliso ngulo rhulumente. UColin Powell utyhola ukuba abanqolobi abanxulunyaniswa noSaddam basebenza kwindawo yase-Iraq engalawulwa nguye babeqhuba 'ifektri yetyhefu yabanqolobi' kumantla eIraq. Kodwa xa iintatheli ze-BBC kunye ne-ABC kunye nabanye besiya kwindawo, abafumananga nto ngaphandle kwezindlu ezingenanto ezingenakwenzeka ukuba zibe yile nto i-US yathi yayiyiyo. U-Powell uphinde wakhankanya ifayile "elungileyo" yaseBritane kwintetho yakhe.
Imithombo yeendaba yaseBhritane yatyhila ngokukhawuleza ukuba olu xwebhu lwalungeyonto ngaphandle kweqhekeza lepropaganda, umsebenzi osikiweyo kunye nokuncamathisela ngabasebenzi bobudlelwane boluntu, hayi abahlalutyi bezobuntlola, ezenziwe ngamanqaku apapashiweyo kunye namasuntswana ephepha labafundi elingaphezulu kweminyaka elishumi elinesibini ubudala. . Eli bali phantse alihoywa eUnited States. Le yimizekelo nje embalwa ye iingxelo ezininzi ezilahlekisayo nezibubuxoki ezenziwa ngamagosa karhulumente ukuze afumane inkxaso yemfazwe. Xa wayethetha neBhunga lezoKhuseleko nge-5 kaFebruwari, uPowell wabiza isibhengezo sephepha se-12,000 sase-Iraq sibubuxoki, kwaye wacela umngeni, "ngubani oza kuphakama ukukhusela esi sibhengezo sobuxoki?" Ngelishwa, abantu abaninzi kakhulu kwimithombo yeendaba yase-US bakulungele ukuhlala bethe cwaka ebusweni bezibhengezo zobuxoki zikaPowell.
U-Usama Bin Laden kunye neenkokheli zeTaliban azikabanjwa. Abakhange bagxothwe e-Afghanistan, bazimele nje ngubani owaziyo apho. Ngoko yintoni esimele siyibonise kwimfazwe yobunqolobi? Baye basenzela ukudada kwindawo yokugquma ngemiqulu yeteyiphu. Enye yezinto ezilungileyo kukuba imfazwe yobunqolobi yahlanganisa amazwe amaninzi ukuze asebenzisane neUnited States. Oko kutshatyalalisiwe ngoku ngemigaqo-nkqubo yokungakhathali ehlukanisa umhlaba kwaye ivuselela iimvakalelo ezichasene neMelika, naphakathi kwamaqabane asondeleyo eMelika.
Ukushiya ecaleni ubungqina bokunqongophala, kucacile ukuba ukuhlaselwa kwe-US e-Iraq yimpendulo kwimithandazo kaBin Laden - ukuba ngokwenene uyathandaza. Iya kwenza ukuba i-US ibonakale njengamandla angenabulungisa asebenzisa amandla njengento yokuqala, kuphela kwabo babuthathaka. Kutheni sikulungele ukulwa ne-Iraq, ilizwe elingenakuzikhusela, ngelixa sigxininisa ukuba idiplomacy kuphela inokusombulula ingxabano yenyukliya neNorth Korea?
Idemokhrasi ye-Iraq kunye namaLungelo oLuntu
Xa zonke ezinye iingxabano zisilela, abo baxhasa imfazwe bathi eyona nto bayifunayo kukukhulula abantu baseIraq. Akwaba bendinokubakholelwa. Khumbula ukuba amashumi eminyaka iUnited States yayimxhasa uSaddam Hussein xa yayisazi ukuba wayenguzwilakhe okhohlakeleyo.
Yayiyi-US eyanika i-Iraq iinqwelomoya zokulwa kunye neebhiliyoni zeedola kwimali mboleko. Yayiyinkampani yaseMelika ebizwa ngokuba Uhlobo lweNkohliso yaseMerika, esekelwe kufuphi neWashington DC, eyathi ngemvume karhulumente wase-US yathengisa i-Iraq isitokhwe sembewu ye-Botulinum, i-E. Coli kunye ne-anthrax phakathi kwe-1980s. Konke oku xa i-US yayisazi kakuhle into eyenziwa nguSaddam.
Yayikwangabantu abaphetheyo namhlanje nezinxulumani zabo. Unobhala wezoKhuselo uDonald Rumsfeld watyelela i-Iraq izihlandlo ezininzi ngo-1983 no-1984 waza wadibana noSaddam buqu ngokwesicelo sikaMongameli uReagan.
URumsfeld uphinde waseka ubudlelwane base-US kunye ne-Iraq, kwaye wanika i-Iraq ubukrelekrele nolunye uncedo. URumsfeld wade wadibana noSaddam ngenye imini ngo-1984 xa i-Iran yayinika ingxelo yokuba imikhosi yayo ihlaselwa ngerhasi enetyhefu. Ke eli lizwe, ngelishwa, likwindawo embi kakhulu yokuthethelela amalungelo eIraq. Yaye yintoni ecetywayo? IWashington Post ingxelo ngo-21 ngoFebruwari ukuba i-US iceba ukulawula i-Iraq ngolawulo oluthe ngqo. AmaMerika aya kulawula ilizwe elinabantu abazizigidi ezingama-24! Kufana nokuba balawula ngequbuliso iCanada ngaphandle kokuba isiqingatha sayo sijikeleze ihlabathi kwaye abathethi ulwimi!
Kwaye ujonge irekhodi. Ngaphezu konyaka emva kokuba i-US iqalise imfazwe nxamnye ne-Afghanistan, akukho uzinzo okanye idemokhrasi apho. Urhulumente wase-Afghanistan akakwazi nokulawula ikomkhulu, kwaye akanakuphila ngaphandle kwemikhosi yase-US. Ilizwe liphela lilawulwa ziinkosi zemfazwe nezidubedube, yaye abantu abaqhelekileyo babandezeleka kakhulu. Asiyicingi loo nto kuba iindaba zethu ziye zadlulela kwimfazwe entsha, entsha, neyonwabisayo.
Kwaye amanye amazwe? I-US yangena eSomalia ngo-1992. ISomalia ayinaye norhulumente namhlanje, singasathethi ke ngedemokhrasi kwaye ngaphezulu kwesiqingatha sesigidi sabantu apho bajongene nendlala. I-US yaya kwiiBalkans kwi-1990s. Amajoni ase-US asekho nanamhlanje. I-US yangena eHaiti ngo-1994. I-Haiti isekwisiphithiphithi, nobundlobongela obukhoyo bezopolitiko kunye nokungazinzi kunye namashumi asibhozo epesenti yabantu abahluphekayo. Uluhlu luqhubeka kwaye luqhubeke. Kwaye ubuze abantu baseTurkey, baseSaudi Arabia, kunye nabasePalestina abahlala phantsi kolawulo lomkhosi wase-Israel ukuba amalungelo abo oluntu kunye nedemokhrasi anjani. Bonke oorhulumente ababalawulayo baxhaswa ngokupheleleyo yi-United States kwaye bonke baphakathi kwabona baxhaphazi babi ehlabathini.
Kufuneka sizibuze ukuba kutheni abantu abaninzi behlabathi bebona intetho yaseMelika ngamalungelo oluntu kunye nedemokhrasi njengohanahaniso obuninzi.
Imfazwe ecwangcisiweyo ayikho malunga ne-Iraq, kungekhona malunga nezixhobo zokutshabalalisa kwaye kungekhona nge-Al-Qaida. Kukuzalisekiswa kwe-ajenda yeqela le-hawkish eligqithisileyo labantu abaye bayicwangcisa ishumi leminyaka, kwaye namhlanje banezikhundla zamandla kwiPentagon. Eli qela, elijikeleze uDonald Rumsfeld, bebecacisa umbono wabo kumatanki okucinga aphiko lasekunene ngaphezulu kweminyaka elishumi. Injongo yabo yi-hegemony yehlabathi kunye namandla nakweyiphi na indleko. Kwaye iindleko kubo bonke ziya kuba phezulu. Injongo yabo kukubumba ngokutsha uMbindi Mpuma ukuze ukhonze kuphela umdla wase-United States noSirayeli, njengoko iinkokeli ezininzi zakwa-Israel ziye zavuma ngovuyo. Iza kuqukumbela ukuguqulwa kwale riphabliki ibe bubukumkani.
Ngoku, i-US inemikhosi emi malunga nesiqingatha samazwe asemhlabeni. Inqanaba elinjalo lothethathethwano ekufuneka ligcinwe linokuthi ngenye imini lifune ukubuyiselwa koyilo. Ngaba ukulungele ukuthumela oonyana neentombi zakho e-Iraq, Kazakhstan naseKyrgyzstan nakwamanye amazwe izikolo zabo zingabafundisi ngawo?
Ekhaya, phantsi kwesigqubuthelo semfazwe yobugrogrisi, inkululeko esisiseko yoluntu iyahluthwa. Abaphambukeli kunye neembacu, ngakumbi abo bavela kumazwe angama-Arabhu namaSilamsi, kunye nabemi base-US, bajongene nemilinganiselo engazange ibonwe ngaphambili ukusukela ekuvalelweni kwabantu baseJapan baseMelika ngexesha leMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi. Bambalwa abakulungeleyo ukuthetha ngokuchasene nale migaqo-nkqubo ngenxa yokoyika ukuchazwa njengabangathandi ilizwe, okanye babonakale bebuthathaka xa bejongene nosoyikiso lwabanqolobi. Khumbula ukuba akukho mntu wathetha egameni lamaJapan aseMelika nokuba, nokuba yi-ACLU, xa babeqokelelwa kwaye bathathwe kumakhaya abo ngabathunywa bakarhulumente. Kwiveki ephelileyo, isiXeko saseNew York sabona owona mboniso mkhulu kwinkumbulo ephilayo, ubiza uxolo. Ubusazi ukuba iSebe lezoBulungisa kunye nesiXeko saseNew York zazama ukuyivala? Kuya kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ngaphambi kokuba baphumelele kwaye siya kwenza ntoni ukuba bayaphumelela?
Ukuzinikela kwethu
Imfazwe ayisiso isicombululo. Akukho mntu ufuna imfazwe. Hayi abantu baseIraq, hayi abantu behlabathi. IZiko loPhando lwePew kuBantu kunye nophando loShicilelo olupapashwe nge-20 kaFebruwari ifumanisa ukuba i-39% yabantu baseMelika bachasa imfazwe ne-Iraq. Sisibini kwisihlanu sabantu, okanye i-112 lezigidi zabantu. Elo linani elikhulu labantu kunokuba bavotele uGeorge Bush kunye no-Al Gore bedibene! Ehlabathini lonke amashumi ezigidi zabantu aye avakalisa iimbono zawo. Bayayiqonda into angafuniyo ukuyiqonda lo rhulumente. Imfazwe ayinangqondo.
Masenze izibophelelo ezimbini. Okokuqala, ukuba sihambe kule ndawo sizise lo myalezo kubahlobo bethu, usapho kunye nabamelwane, kwaye sakhe umfutho wokulwa imfazwe. Okwesibini, masenze isibophelelo sokubuya ukuba imfazwe iqala ngamnye wethu ukuzisa abantu abahlanu okanye abalishumi, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ihlabathi liva amazwi ethu oxolo.
Ndifuna ukugqiba ngamazwi avela kuKathy Kelly, omnye wabaququzeleli be-Voices in the Wilderness campaign, okwangoku eBaghdad, apho uzimisele ukuhlala ngemfazwe okanye kude kube uxolo lukhuselekile. Ebhala eBaghdad, uKathy uthi,
โKungekudala ukuba siphendule abahlobo bethu ababuza ukuba kuya kubakho imfazwe, kungekudala ukuba bavakalise ukuba imfazwe ayinakuphepheka. Iintsuku ezibalulekileyo ezizayo zinika abantu ehlabathini lonke ithuba lokuthintela uphalazo-gazi nentshabalalo. Ubutsha kolo loyiso bungasayi kuze buphele. Isenokusikhokelela sonke ekuqoleni kwezobupolitika okufunekayo ukuze sisinde kwimeko yethu elihlazo yokutshatyalaliswa.โ
Enkosi.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa ngemali kuphela ngesisa sabafundi bayo.
Nikela