Umchasi ophambili weWall Street Journal uHugo Chavez ngumntu ozibiza ngokuba “yingcaphephe” yaseLatin American uMary Anastasia O'Grady owenza into angenayo kulwazi nakwintembeko yobuntatheli. Yena, nangona kunjalo, akazange abelwe ukuba abhale iNgxelo yokuhlaselwa kweJenali kaMeyi 1 uDavid Luhnow kwisiXeko saseMexico kunye noPeter Millard eCaracas banesihloko esithi "Indlela uChavez ejolise ngayo ukuWeaken US." Ewe, xa kuthethwa ngeVenezuela, umba yioyile kwaye uChavez “unobuganga” bokufuna ukuba abantu bakhe baxhamle kakhulu kwimithombo yabo, hayi iinkampani zeoyile zangaphandle ezirhwaphilizayo ngendlela eyayifudula isenza ngayo xa ubunkokeli belizwe besebenzela kuphela. umdla wongxowankulu ngokungahoyi iimfuno ezibalulekileyo zentlalo. Akusenjalo.
UChavez, ewe, wabhengeza kwiinyanga ezidlulileyo urhulumente wakhe uza kugqiba ukuhlaziya oovimba belizwe lakhe xa inkampani yeoli yelizwe iPDVSA yaba ngoyena mnini zabelo ngoMeyi 1 kwiiprojekthi ezine zeOlinoco River basin kunye nobunini obungama-60% kumaphulo adibeneyo kunye namaqabane angaphandle. Esi sicwangciso sagxekwa ngokubanzi kumajelo eendaba amakhulu ase-US kunye nombhali wephephandaba u-O'Grady ebhala nge-16 ka-Epreli “U-Chavez (waye) ezele bubugorha njengoko wayeqhekeza (i) iikhontrakthi ze-oyile (exelela) abantu basemzini ukuba barhoxe kuba nguye ophetheyo ngoku (kodwa intshukumo iyakwenzeka) ekugqibeleni ibethe 'umyalelo wenguquko' epokothweni (ngenxa) yorhwaphilizo, ukungakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi kunye nolawulo olugwenxa” okuthetha ukuthi iVenezuela ngoku izakuqhuba yonke imisebenzi yayo yeoli kwaye izenzele ikamva layo, hayi iBig Oli uO'Grady ufuna. ilungelo elilodwa lokuyenza. Ayisekho, kwaye u-O'Grady akakholiswanga. Ufile ngokungalunganga kwimbono yakhe ngekamva leoli yaseVenezuela eqhutywa yiPDVSA namaqabane angaphandle, kodwa ungaze ulindele ukuba ayivume.
Ngokunjalo neNew York Times ivuma nge-10 ka-Epreli kunye no-O'Grady kunye nezinye iinkampani zeendaba zeBig Oil cheerleaders. I-Times isebenzise ulwimi olutyholwayo olugxeka uChavez "utshintsho olululo (kunye) namabhongo (isicwangciso sakhe) sokubhukuqa ulawulo lweeprojekthi ezininzi ze-oyile kwiinkampani zaseMelika naseYurophu (nge) ukubonisa (phambi kwezi) izixhobo zamandla ezinqwenelekayo…." I-Times iqhubekile nokubanga eli nyathelo liza kujongela phantsi ukukhula kweVenezuela libonisa ukuba isoyikiso seOli enkulu yokushiya sinokwenza uChavez ahlehle ngokwaneleyo ukuze bahlale. Ayizange yenzeke njengoko lo mbhali ecebise nge-12 ka-Epreli kwinqaku elinesihloko esithi "Wall Street Journal kunye neNew York Times Attack journalism." Eli nqaku lenze ukuba kucace ukuhlola i-oyile kunye nokuveliswa kwe-oyile eVenezuela kunenzuzo kangangokuba nokuba nesabelo esincinci sengeniso yase-US, yaseYurophu kunye nabanye abatyali-mali be-Oyile enkulu abanakuphupha ukuhamba. Whine eninzi, hamba, akunakwenzeka, kwaye ngoku siyazi ukuba abayi kuhamba.
UNatalie Obiko Pearson we-AP uxele nge-26 ka-Epreli ukuba "Iinkampani ezine zeoyile ezinkulu (zayeka ukukhala nge-25 ka-Epreli.
yaye) bavuma ukurhoxa ulawulo lokugqibela eseleyo Venezuela (abaninzi-abanikazi) iiprojekthi ioli eziqhutywa ngasese kurhulumente kaMongameli Hugo Chavez” kunye ConocoPhillips eza malunga Meyi 1 ebonisa, nayo, yonke ixolo kwaye akukho ukuluma. Abo bavumelana ngeememorandam zokuqonda ezisayiniweyo yayiyiChevron,
BP(Amoco) PLC, France's Total SA, Norway's Statoil ASA, ConocoPhillips, kunye noninzi oluchasayo kubo bonke ingcinga i-ExxonMobil ekugqibeleni yayenza ngasese njengoko yayiphantse ukuba yenzeke emva koko.
I-AP ibike ukuba i-ConocoPhillips ineyona nto ininzi ye-Orinoco yokuvezwa kweeprojekthi ezimbini kwezine, i-Ameriven ne-Petrozuata kunye (yangaphambili) i-50.1% ye-stake kule yokugqibela.
Kwakungenakwenzeka ukuba inkampani ibashiye, kwaye nge-1 kaMeyi yabhengeza ukuba iya kuhlala. Omnye umba oseleyo omele usonjululwe yimbuyekezo kubatyali-zimali bamazwe angaphandle ekufuneka kude kube yi-26 kaJuni ukuze bathetha-thethane ngemibandela yokuncitshiswa kwezabelo zabo. Lindela ngakumbi ukukhala kwe-Oli enkulu okulandelwa kukuphinda kunikwe unikezelo olulindelekileyo loMphathiswa wezaMandla waseVenezuela malunga nemiqathango yokuthatha ngokufanelekileyo nangokulinganayo.
Ngomhla wama-26 ku-Epreli, indawo yewebhu ye-PDVSA yanika ingxelo ye-10 yeenkampani ze-oyile zangaphandle eziye zavuma ukudlulisela ulawulo oluninzi lwemisebenzi yabo "ye-Oil Belt" kwinkampani yeoli elawulwa ngurhulumente. Ngaphaya koko, inkampani ilindele ukufezekisa umthamo wemihla ngemihla we-5.85 yezigidi zemibhobho
Ngo-2012 yaye yathi ngoJanuwari 1 ukulawula iindawo ezineoli ezingama-32 kuya kuqhubela ilizwe “lifikelele kulawulo olupheleleyo lwelizwe phezu (kokugcina) kwamandla endalo.”
Ukuphendula kwezi zenzo, nangomhla eyaqala ngawo ukusebenza, iJenali yaphinda yahlasela kwakhona iqinisekile ukuba ibubuxoki kwaye iyalahlekisa. Ababhali bayo babize uChavez “ngozibiza ngokuba nguMaoist (ofuna) ukubumba ngokutsha ishishini le-oyile lehlabathi ngokubekela ecaleni i-US nokwenza i-China ibe liqabane eliyintloko leqhinga leqhinga lelizwe lakhe” kutyalo-mali kunye nokuthumela ngaphandle.
Le Journal ikwatyhola uChavez ngokusebenzisa “ioyile njengesixhobo sezopolitiko” okoko wangena esikhundleni ngowe-1999 enikezela ngesaphulelo seoli “kumazwe amaninzi aseLatin America”
njengesixhobo sakhe sokukhetha kunye nokwenza ubudlelwane kunye ne-US "abakhuphisana nabo kwezoqoqosho njengeTshayina kunye nabakhuphisana nezopolitiko njenge-Iran."
U-Hugo Chavez, eneneni, ngumntu ozibize njengedemokhrasi kwezentlalo etshatela eyakhe ikhosi ezimeleyo ukuya kwinkqubela phambili “yenkulungwane yama-21 yobusoshiyali” ngokwendlela ingcaphephe yaseLatin America uJames Petras ayibiza “ipragmatic left” ngokuchaseneyo “noguquko lwasekhohlo” lwaseColombia. Amaqela e-FARC; izinto "zootishala kunye neentshukumo zabalimi-zemveli e-Oaxaca, eGuerrero naseChiapas eMexico;" amaninzi “amaqela amancinane kaMarx eArgentina, eBolivia, eChile nakwezinye iindawo;
kunye “neentshukumo zabalimi nezebhari” zaseVenezuela, phakathi kwezinye. Ezinye iinkokeli zaseLatin America uPetras ubiza “ipragmatic” leftists ibandakanya uEvo Morales waseBolivia, uCastro waseCuba kunye “namaqela amakhulu onyulo kunye neemanyano ezinkulu zabalimi kunye nabasebenzi kuMbindi noMzantsi Melika” kubandakanya neqela laseMexico lePRD, iFMLN yaseEl Salvador, iQela lamaKomanisi laseChile, uninzi kwipalamente yasePeruvia (Ollanta) Humala; kunye nabanye kuquka “uninzi lweenkcuba-buchopho zasekhohlo zaseLatin America.”
Ngokungafaniyo nengxelo yeWall Street Journal kunye nengxelo yemithombo yeendaba yase-US okanye ethetha ngayo, uChavez nabanye “kwipragmatiki ekhohlo” abajolisanga ukutshabalalisa ubungxowankulu, buyithomalalisa nje. Kananjalo baceba ukulahlwa kwe-IMF eqokelelweyo, iBhanki yeHlabathi kunye namanye amatyala e-arhente ebolekisa ngemali kumazwe ngamazwe, bebiza kuphela ukuba ibe ngokwemiqathango elinganayo; ukuyihlenga-hlengisa ukuze kwenziwe umthwalo wetyala lezizwe zazo ulunge; kunye nenjongo yokukhululeka kwidyokhwe yayo yengcinezelo njengoko iVenezuela yenza ukuyihlawula ngokupheleleyo kunye noChavez ebhengeza i-1 kaMeyi ilizwe lakhe liphuma kwi-IMF kunye neBhanki yehlabathi, ngokuqhawula ngokusemthethweni kuhlobo lobukhoboka betyala la maziko anyanzelisa amazwe awabolekayo. eqinisekisa ukuba abantu babo baya kuqhubeka behlwempuzeka.
Linyathelo elibalulekileyo elinokukhuthaza amanye amazwe ukuba alandele njengoko uMongameli wase-Ecuador uRaphael Correa sele ekhuphe ummeli welizwe kwiBhanki yeHlabathi esithi "asizukumela ubuqhophololo ngolu lawulo lwamazwe ngamazwe." Jonga ingqumbo engaphezulu ye-IMF-World Bank ukuba ivele ngaphambili njengoko inkalipho kaChavez kunye noCorrea inokukhuthaza ezinye iinkokeli ukuba zihambe kwicala elinye okanye ubuncinci ziqale ngokuvakalisa elubala ukungoneliseki koluntu njengenyathelo lokuqala lokutshintsha umgaqo-nkqubo onokuthi ulandele.
U-Hugo Chavez ubabonelela ngokhetho olutsha emva kokuba ebhengeze ngoMatshi ukuba ujonge ukudala iBhanki yaseMazantsi yedemokhrasi yezentlalo kwimodeli yengcinezelo ye-neoliberal Washington Consensus IMF-World Bank.
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku iBolivia kunye neArgentina bavumile ukuba yinxalenye yayo kunye noChavez ngethemba lokuba amanye amazwe aseLatini aza kujoyina ngokunjalo ngokunikela nge-10% yogcino lwabo lwenkunzi kweli shishini anethemba lokuba liya kusebenza ngehlobo.
Iinxalenye ezongezelelweyo zesicwangciso sikaChavez zibandakanya ukuqinisa ubudlelwane obuqinileyo kwamanye amazwe angenisa ioyile njengeTshayina ukunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kweVenezuela kwi-US enobutshaba. Ukwabhengeze i-29 ka-Epreli isizwe sinethemba lokuthengisa ngokuthe ngcembe izixhobo zayo zokucoca i-Citgo ezisixhenxe ezisekelwe e-US endaweni yazo ngenethiwekhi entsha esekwe kwiLatin America eBolivia, e-Ecuador, eNicaragua, eHaiti naseDominica.
Yinxalenye yesicwangciso sakhe sokubonelela ummandla unikezelo lweoli oluzinzileyo kunye ne-100% yeemfuno zamandla kwi-Alternative for the Americas (ALBA) amalungu kunye neHaiti.
Ukwanikezela ngeoyile ethotyiweyo kwiLatin America nakwezinye izizwe, hayi ukuthenga inkxaso njengoko iJournal ibango, kodwa ukwakha urhwebo oluqhubekayo lwe-ALBA kunye nobunye umanyano lommelwane olungileyo kunye nezizwe zengingqi ngokuchasene ne-WTO-style Global North exploitive one-way deals. Ingqungquthela yesihlanu ye-ALBA eyayibanjelwe e-Barquisimeto, eVenezuela isandula ukuphela nge-29 ka-Epreli apho iintloko zamazwe avela eVenezuela, eBolivia, eCuba, eNicaragua naseHaiti zityikitye izivumelwano zobuchule ze-ALBA nabathunywa abavela e-Ecuador, e-Uruguay, eDominique nase-St. Vincent naseGrenadines nazo ezazizimase kunye neentshukumo zentlalo ezivela kwamanye amazwe.
I-Chavez ijolise ngaphezu korhwebo olulungileyo nolulinganayo kunye nezinye izivumelwano zorhwebo, ishishini kunye namandla, kwaye iinkokeli zeNgqungquthela zenze inkqubela ngakuzo.
Bavuma umanyano kwi-ALBA Education, Health, Culture, Food, and Telecommunications enokuqhubela phambili ukwandisa i-ajenda yentlalontle yaseVenezuela kunye neCuba kwamanye amazwe e-ALBA naseHaiti.
Inqaku le-May 1 Wall Street Journal lithi "uChavez ufuna ukuthatha indawo ye-US njengeqabane eliphambili laseVenezuela kunye nomxhasi kwishishini leoli (kwaye) Ophumeleleyo omkhulu angaba (imbangi enkulu yase-US) iChina" echaza iindaba ezimbi zeWashington kunye neBig. I-oyile. Iqhubekile yathi ilizwe linabona vimba bakhulu abaqinisekisiweyo ngaphandle koMbindi Mpuma, kwaye ukuba uChavez uyaphumelela uyakunyanzela i-US ukuba ixhomekeke ngakumbi kulo mmandla uguqukayo kunokuba sele unjalo. Ngaphaya koko, ababhali bejenali bajonge kwi-PDVSA beyijongela phantsi njengenkampani elawulwa ngurhulumente bebanga ukuba “inojoliso oluncinci” kuba uChavez wayijika yaba “linkonzo yokuphelisa intlupheko.” Ngenxa yoko, i-Journal ithi ayizange isebenze kwaye imveliso yayo yehla ukusuka kwi-3.1 yezigidi zemibhobho ngosuku xa u-Chavez eqala ukuthatha i-ofisi ngo-1999 ukuya kwi-2.4 yezigidi zemibhobho ngosuku ngoku ngokutsho kurhulumente wase-US Ulawulo lwezoLwazi lwezaMandla (EIA) amanani akhangeleka ngathi kuphekwe ukuba behlise.
Baxambulisana nezahlukeneyo ezivela kwezinye iindawo ezibandakanya i-CIA World Factbook ka-2006 edwelisa imveliso yeVenezuela yemihla ngemihla ngaphantsi kancinane kwe-3.1 yezigidi zemiphanda yemihla ngemihla, malunga nenani elifanayo le-PDVSA elixelwe emva koko kuquka i-crude enzima kakhulu evela kwimveliso yebhanti ye-Orinoco. NgoMeyi, i-2006, uMphathiswa waseVenezuela wePetroleum kunye namandla, uRaphael Ramirez wabonisa i-Arhente yaMandla yamazwe ngamazwe.
(IEA) ibone imveliso ye-oyile yemihla ngemihla yelizwe ngaphezulu kwe-3 yezigidi zemibhobho yemihla ngemihla ngelixa urhulumente eyixela ngoku kwi-3.3 yezigidi xa kuthelekiswa ne-2.6 yezigidi okanye ngaphantsi ibango labahlalutyi be-oyile bamazwe ngamazwe kunye ne-EIA ngabom beyijongela phantsi imveliso yeoli ngendlela iWashington kunye neNtshona zigqwetha ngayo yonke into elungileyo. malunga neVenezuela phantsi kukaHugo Chavez.
Ulawulo lukaBush kunye nemithombo yeendaba yase-US, ethanda iOli enkulu, igcwele yonke indawo kaHugo Chavez kunye nenqaku leJournal's May Day lihlala linyanisekile kwifomu. Iqukumbela ngelithi iVenezuela “ngokwembali yayiyenye yamazwe anamandla athembekileyo ase-US” ikhupha konke ukuqinisekisa ukuba iMelika ibonelelwa ngokuzinzileyo xa yayifuneka kakhulu njengoko yenzayo kwiWW II, i-1973 Arab embargo yeoli kunye nemfazwe yaseGulf ka-1991. Yathi ke uChavez watyhola uChavez ngokutshintsha ukuba endaweni yokuxela ukuba iWashington yayinempazamo kubudlelwane obubi obufike emazantsi elitye ngexesha leentsuku ezimbini zika-Epreli, i-2002 yobhukuqo ngokuchasene naye iJournal ayinakuvuma ukuba i-US yaphembelela kwaye yaxhaswa.
Yonke into enokuyithetha, ngedosi enzima yeediliya ezimuncu, kukuba "Ukuxuba ioli kunye nezopolitiko akunakumnceda uMnu. Chavez ekuhambeni kwexesha" njengoko uya kufuna "ubuchwephesha beenkampani zabucala ukuphuhlisa i-crude enzima kwi Ummandla we-Orinoco ”engakhange avume ukuba sele enayo kunye noluhlu olude lwabathathi abalungele ukungena ukuba kukho ngoku bahamba ngobudenge. Abayi, kodwa ungalindelanga ukubona olo luvo luxelwe naphi na kwiWall Street Journal njengoko kuya kufuneka bavume yonke into abayibhale ngaphambili yayibubuxoki kwaye iyalahlekisa. Akunyanzelekanga ukuba benjenjalo. Usanda kuyifunda apha.
UStephen Lendman uhlala eChicago kwaye unokufikelelwa kuyo [imeyile ikhuselwe].
Kwakhona ndwendwela indawo yakhe yeblogi ku-sjlendman.blogspot.com kwaye umamele ngoMgqibelo ngamnye kwi-Steve Lendman News kunye neyure yoLwazi kwi-Micro Effect.com emini enkulu yase-US.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa ngemali kuphela ngesisa sabafundi bayo.
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