Ndiqulathe inkitha. . . (Walt Whitman, Ingoma Yam)
Ukuba uIndiya ebenokuthetha ngaye, ebenokuthetha kakuhle oko uWhitman akutshoyo ngaye.
Esi sesona sizathu sibangela ukuba uninzi luphindaphindeke lube nzima ukwenza intsingiselo yokugqibela yeenyani zaseIndiya zentlalo nezopolitiko. Yiyo loo nto umfuniselo wedemokhrasi eIndiya unomtsalane kakhulu.
Ngaba kunokuthiwa, nangona kunjalo, idemokhrasi yaseIndiya ngumsebenzi oqhubekayo othi, naxa kubonakala ngathi uzibhijela ngokwawo, usoloko ukhomba apho unqwenela ukuya khona?
Ndikholelwa ukuba kunjalo ngenene, kwaye isigwebo kunyulo olusandula ukuqukunjelwa lwePalamente sisikhumbuzo esiqinisekileyo sezobunyulu ezibonisa ulwazi lommi kulo lonke ilizwe kunye nommandla, uluntu kunye neentlanga, ubuhlanga kunye nesini, ngamanye amaxesha aphezulu naphantsi.
Ngalo lonke ixesha sikhumbula ukuba naziphi na izigqibo esizikhuphayo kulwandle lwethu oluphikisanayo kufuneka zihlale zikhumbula zombini ezi zinto zikhoyo ngoku, kunye nembali yembali yembali. ukuba kwidemokhrasi yaseIndiya.
Kukhangeleka ngathi, ngokomzekelo, emva kweminyaka engamashumi amathandathu engaqhelekanga yokuzimela kunye nonyulo jikelele olulishumi elinesihlanu, imbali yomvoti waseIndiya iye yaqina ngokwaneleyo ukuba ingaphinde ikhunjulwe zizicelo ezivuselelayo zolunye uhlobo okanye olunye. Iminwe yayihlala iwela, uWhitman wayenokuthi.
Ngewawufunde kwaye uxelelwe ukuba kunzima, kodwa akukho namnye, kuquka neqela leNkongolo, owayenokulindela iziphumo ezizayo, ingakumbi ukuba iqela liya kufikelela kumanqaku angamakhulu amabini; I-206 yayiza kuba yi-tally ekugqibeleni yeNkongolo apho uModi owayedume kakubi ngexesha elithile kwiphulo elibizwa ngokuba yi-woebegone hag ye-125 yeminyaka!
Kwaye, okwangoku, ndingakuthumela i-imeyile endiyithumele kumhlobo nge-23rd ka-Apriliโmalunga neeveki ezintathu ngaphambi kokuba kubalwe usukuโolufundeka ngolu hlobo: โi-congress inching towards 200.โ Ndithembe.
Ukulala-kwesandla? IVoodoo? Akukho nto yolo hlobo.
Mandabelane nawe ngemfihlo encinci: xa ungandifumani ekhaya, ndincokola nomntu otsala ooritsho, ndimamele incoko yasevenkileni, ndikhuphela umIndiya oqhelekileyo engqonge umthengisi osecaleni kwendlela, ndibambene nomthengisi. Umntu osebenza koomatshini ebuyela kwindawo yakhe, ede etshaya ipolisa elingaqhelekanga elikwiindlela ezinqumlana iindlela okanye ephinda etshaja kwisikhamo somoba, okanye encokola nendoda ekwiteksi esecaleni kwemoto yam kwirobhothi ebomvu, okanye ndiboleke iBidiโ Uninzi lweplebeian yomsi weqabunga eliqengqelekayo-ukusuka kumsebenzi wokwakha kwisiza njengento egqithileyo kwintsebenziswano ethile eyinyani.
Kuyamangalisa ukusuka kuyo yonke loo nto ukuya kwisiqwenga sephepha kwaye wenze izibalo zomntu-isixhobo esithembeke ngakumbi kunokuchitha ixesha ngeetshaneli ze-elektroniki ezidibeneyo, nangona ndimamela ezo nazo kwaye ndifikelela kwizigqibo zam ezintsonkothileyo.
Yayilulo hlobo lomthetho olonwabisayo owandenza ndafikelela kwisigqibo ngo-2004 ukuba amanani ke azakuba yiCongress 145, BJP 138 njl., (kwakhona ibango lisarekhodiwe) xa amajelo ayekhwaza eqinisekile ukuba iNational ngoko. IDemocratic Alliance yayimiselwe ukuwela amanqaku angama-300, kuba i-India kwathiwa "iyakhanya."
Naphi na apho umamele khona, iimvakalelo ezimbini zazihlala zivela ngaphambili: enye, yokuba urhulumente we-UPA okhokelwa nguye, uninzi luya kukuxelela uSonia Gandhi, bekunjalo ukucinga ngamaIndiya ahlwempuzekileyo edolophini nakwilizwe; kwaye, okwesibini, kungcono ukuba kupheliswe ipolitiki yobukomanisi. Kwaye ukuba "ubugrogrisi" yayiyinto eyayibonisa ukuba akukho qela lezopolitiko kulo naluphi na ukukhanya okulungileyo okanye okubi. Ndikhumbula ndikhawulelana nomqhubi wemoto kunye noBeldar (umncedisi kaMason) owathi wangenelela kuMthetho weLungelo loLwazi owapasiswa ngurhulumente waseManmohan Singh! Andithethi ngabadidi abaphakathi.
Kwalandela ezinye izinto: izivumelwano ezingoomathuba, ukuzalana, izenzo zobuqhophololo nezolwaphulo-mthetho, utyekelo lokuwathabatha lula amaqela asekuhlaleni, njalo njalo.
Ubukhulu becala, umnqweno wokukhuthaza ulawulo lwentlalontle nokubuyela kubumi bomhlaba wawubonakala unamandla. Ubungqina obucacileyo bokuba ilizwe likulungele ukuqhubela phambili ngokubuyela kwinkulumbuso yokuqala yaseIndiya ezimeleyo, uJawahar Lal Nehru, owayeqonde ngokucacileyo ukuba i-India ayinakubanjwa kunye ngaphandle kokuba ubumi behlabathi kunye nolawulo luthathwa njengesine. -qua-non of its, kwaye ngaphandle kokuba iinkqubo zayo zoqoqosho bezibalwe ukuze kuxhamle uninzi lwamaIndiya ahlwempuzekileyo nagxothiweyo. I-ajenda eyayifuna urhulumente ukuba ahlale ngokuqinileyo kulawulo, kunokuba ayeke kwii-oligarchies ezilawula imarike, abantu basekhaya kunye nabangaphandle ngokulinganayo.
Intle kakhulu into afuna ukuyenza u-Obama ngoku kwiMelika ekhathazekileyo-ukubuyisela urhulumente kubomi bezoqoqosho beso sizwe, kwaye aye kuqala kwabo bantu baseMelika ngabona baphazanyiswe kakhulu kukubawa okunganelisiyo kweshishini laseMelika.
Ayiyomfihlo into yokuba kule minyaka mibini idlulileyo, ngakumbi urhulumente waseManmohan Singh, iinkqubo ezininzi zenkcitho yentlalontle ezijolise ekuphakamiseni i-Indiya eyayingakhathalelwanga, kubandakanywa namaSilamsi akhe angahoywanga, ngenxa yokungabikho koqoqosho aye aqalisa ukuyicaphukela inkampani yaseIndiya kunye nokulungelelaniswa kwabo. iingcali phakathi kweendaba.
Ithemba labo kunye nomzamo wabo wawumkhulu ukubona i-BJP ibuyela emandleni.
I-BJP, njengoko bendihlala ndikhankanya, ithobela i-neo-liberal marketism, kwaye ibonwa njengesixhobo sokubhukuqa udushe lwentlalo kwimiba yokuphila enzima ngokujikisa amandla abachasi ukuya kubutofotofo benkolo. -ubudlelwane boluntu.
Ngaphandle nje kokuphambukisa ukuchazwa kweempawu zodidi phakathi kwabangenamali, inkolo njengesiseko sentlalontle inelungelo elingakumbi lokwenza ukuba kufumaneke kushishino lweshishini ithuba elinengeniso lokuvelisa zonke ezo zinto zingenasiphelo zemibhiyozo, iintsuku ezingcwele, njalo njalo, ukukhapha Icangci kunye negubu elinqanda abo bebeya kuthi ngenye indlela.
Yaye eneneni alifane libe nepolisa elifuna ukuthintela ukonakaliswa kocwangco kuluntu okanye amalungelo oluntu logama nje ezi zinto zisenziwa kunqulo. Umsebenzi onjalo kucingelwa ukuba ugqitha amabango karhulumente kunye nolawulo lwemithetho yakhe.
Yeha, akwenzekanga njengoko i-India yenkampani inqwenela ukuba ibe njalo.
Nangona kunjalo, kubuthongo bokwenyani, sele ixakekile iyalela iNkongolo ukuba eyona nto ingalindelekanga ukubonisa kwayo okuhle kufuneka, emva kwayo yonke loo nto, ayinatyala kwintlalontle yayo kodwa "kuhlaziyo" lwezoqoqosho oluqhutyelwe phambili nalo. kwiintsuku zangaphambili xa i-NDA ekhokelwa yi-BJP yayilawula.
Kwaye kukho abo bangaphakathi kweCongress Party abaya kuqhubeka nokuthenga le thesis.
Kukho isizathu sokucinga, nangona kunjalo, ukuba kunye no-Sonia Gandhi ephethe i-Congress kunye ne-UPA umanyano, ukukhula koqoqosho kuya kuqhubeka kubonakala kunento ebaluleke kakhulu kuphela xa kuqhubela phambili ukubandakanywa kwamaNdiya ahluthiweyo (amanye ama-77% kuwo. bayakwazi ukuchitha isiqingatha sedola okanye ngaphantsi ngosuku) kubomi bezoqoqosho besizwe.
Oko ngokwenene kufuneka ukuba urhulumente aqhubeke ebandakanyeka kwishishini lokunyusa ingeniso yeefama kunye nemivuzo, ukudibanisa iminatha yokhuseleko loluntu edolophini nakwilizwe, ukuphucula iziseko ezisisiseko kwimpilo ephilileyo yamaIndiya, njengamanzi okusela, ukhathalelo lwempilo lwasimahla, imfundo elinganayo. , utyalo-mali kwizindlu kunye noqhagamshelo, kunye nezikimu ezikhethekileyo kwabo bacinezelekileyo ngokupheleleyo. Nokukhusela ubutyebi bezimbiwa namahlathi besizwe kubaphangi abakhathalele i-ecology yesizwe okanye ubomi bezigidi eziphila ngobutyebi bamahlathi zize zibulondolozele ikamva.
Loo nto ke kufuneka ifune ukutshintshwa kwabalawuli abasuka phezulu ngokuxhotyiswa kwabantu abasuka phantsi, ekufuneka izigqibo zabo zixhaswe yimali efunekayo ukumisela isizwe apho sifuneka khona. Nomnqweno wokubamba uxanduva ngokukhalipha bonke abo batyeshela ezo mali okanye babhukuqe ukuthathwa kwezigqibo kwiindawo eziphantsi. Ngaphezu kwako konke, abo bayeni base-hinterland bahlutha ukuxhotyiswa ngokufanelekileyo kwabafazi babo abanyuliweyo njenge-panchayat pradhans njl.njl., kufuneka bakatswe esidlangalaleni. Ndiyayinyanisa.
Kuya kufuneka kwakhona ukuba oosomashishini babucala banyanzelise iimfuno zengqesho zabantu abangengothungelwano lwezentlalo, kunye neempahla ezizezabucala, nokuba zizibhedlele, okanye izikolo, ukuba zibuyele emsebenzini oko kufuneka kubasebenzi malunga nokufikelela kunye noncedo. . Umkhwa omdaka apho abantu babucala batyeba ngenkxaso-mali, ngokuphandle nangokufihlakeleyo, okwenziwa kufumaneke ngurhulumente mawuphele.
Kwaye ukulawulwa kobungxowankulu baseIndiya kuya kufuneka kuquke ilungelo lamazwe lokungaluthandi uhlobo lotyalo-mali olunengeniso ephezulu kodwa lusetyenziswe kancinci ekuhlaleni (ukusetyenziswa okuphantsi kwentlalo okuthethe ukubandakanya umonakalo omkhulu kwindalo) kunye nokuthanda iindlela zotyalo-mali eziqondayo imfuno yokuvelisa. Iinkqubo zokujongana namandla abo kwiziphumo ezivelisa iziqhamo kwezona nkalo zibanzi zokuthatha inxaxheba.
Umzekelo "wokukhula" owandisa ngonaphakade umsantsa phakathi kwezityebi kunye namahlwempu, okwenza, ngokwenene, izityebi ezityebileyo kunye namahlwempu ahlwempuzekileyo, kufuneka kuphetshwe njengento embi kakhulu ukuba umkhuhlane wehagu ngoku unceda kwaye uthintele ukuwa koqoqosho lwehlabathi longxowankulu. .
Ngamafutshane, isigwebo sowama-2009 sibonakala sicacile, ubuncinci, kwidemokhrasi yezentlalo ehlonipha kwaye ijongana namabango ezopolitiko kunye nezoqoqosho kuninzi lwamaNdiya, kungajongwanga buhlanga, inkolo, uluntu, okanye isini.
Ilizwi malunga neqela lasekhohlo:
Uninzi lwamagqabantshintshi avele ngoku kumajelo eendaba esizwe asuka kubabhali bemihlaba 'abadumileyo' okanye oosaziwayo abancumayo ngokufihlakeleyo athande ukuba phezulu kwaye ahlekisa. Ngoko ke, ngokungaqhelekanga.
Ukuchasana okuchukumisayo kule minyaka mihlanu idlulileyo apho iNhlohlo lixhasa urhulumente waseManmohan Singh (de loo nkxaso yarhoxiswa ngenxa yokwala kukarhulumente ukubhangisa isivumelwano senyukliya esasingaphandle kweNkqubo eBuncinane obuqhelekileyo obuyilwe njengomnqophiso wenkxaso yasekhohlo) ibiyeyokuba ungenelelo lwaseKhohlo lunoxanduva olukhulu lokuzoba ugxininiso lomgaqo-nkqubo lukarhulumente malunga nenkcitho yentlalontle, kwaye kude "kuhlaziyo" oluye lwaqhutywa ngokupheleleyo (ukungatshatyalaliswa kweemali zecandelo likarhulumente, ukwanda kwe-FDI kwiibhanki kunye ne-inshurensi, ukuguqulwa kwe-rupee kwi-akhawunti ye-Capital account, ukuqikelela ukonga kwabasebenzi kwiimali zeNgxowa-mali ye-Provident, njalo njalo) bekunokuzisa uqoqosho lwaseIndiya ukuwohloka ngokukhawuleza kunolwaseMelika. (Jonga wam"Amaxesha amnandi ngasekhohlo eIndiya, Znet, Septemba, 21, 2008).
Nangona kunjalo, ukuzisa iqela leCongress kwiNkohlo-kwiziko kwimiba emininzi ebalulekileyo, iKhohlo ngokwalo libonakala lishiywe kabuhlungu okwangoku.
Kuyanceda ukuba abagxeki baqonde ukuba ukujongelwa phantsi okunjalo kweKhohlo akulunganga nje eKhohlo kodwa nakwiIndiya. Ingcinga eyothusayo, ubani unethemba.
Uluvo olukhoyo luqikelelwa lubeka uxanduva eKhohlo ngokwesiseko seempazamo zobuqhinga.
Into yokuba kukho inyaniso kwamanye ala magqabaza ayinakuphikiswa, kwanaxa amagqabaza anjalo ekhetha ukuzichitha ngokupheleleyo iimpawu zokuxhalaba ekusenokwenzeka ukuba ziye zaphuma kuzo ezinye zezi mpazamo.
Sekuyiminyaka ndixubushela ingqwalasela ehamba ngaphaya kobuchule kuphela-izinto ezifana nokuba kufanele okanye akufuneki ukuba i-Left irhoxise inkxaso xa isivumelwano senyukliya singumcimbi, okanye, ukuba bekufanelekile okanye bekungafuneki ukuba kufune ukwenza "umphambili wesithathu" namaqela ezopolitiko ekungekho nto isondeleyo kuwo, njalo njalo.
Emva kokwabelana ngezi ngcinga kunye neengcamango zamaqela aKhohlo, ndingazichaza apha, nokuba ziluhlobo nje lwamathambo.
Ndinoluvo lokuba ukuhla nokunyuka kobuchule beKhohlo kunokulinywa kubuyiselwe umva kwii-ambivalences zobuchule eziye zajongana neKhohlo-i-ambivalences engakhange ibe kulwazi lwethu yenze umxholo walo naluphi na uvavanyo oludibeneyo olubone ukukhanya koluntu.
Ukuthi, ngaba i-Indian Left isabambe ukuba idemokhrasi yePalamente yamaqela amaninzi eIndiya inokubuyiselwa umva, kunye nolawulo lweqela elinye le-hegemonic luyafezekiswa?
Okanye ngaba ngokwenene iyayamkela imbono yokuba oko kusenokungabi njalo?
Ibiyimeko yam ukuba eyokuqala ibe yinyani, ke kufuneka kulandele uhlobo oluthile lwepraksis. Kuyathandabuzeka kakhulu ukuba iKhohlo linokuba nethemba lendlela yenguqu ngelixa lihlala lithatha inxaxheba kulawulo lukarhulumente.
Ukhetho lokuqala lweqhinga luya kufuna ukuba iKhohlo lizikhwebule kuthatho-nxaxheba lwamandla karhulumente (nokuba kuseNtshona Bengal, Tripura okanye Kerala, okanye voyeuristically kwiziko), lizikhulule kwiimpikiswano ezinokuthi inxaxheba enjalo ivelise, kwaye iye kwintshukumo. uhlobo lwezopolitiko kwisithuba seminyaka elishumi okanye emibini. Kungaloo ndlela kuphela apho iKhohlo linethemba lokuzisa inkitha kuyo nayiphi na ingqiqo ethembekileyo okanye engaguqukiyo yobume bezopolitiko ezisekelwe kudidi. Kwaye ngokwenza njalo, kufuneka ifunde kungekuphela nje ukuthetha amabinzana anje ngokuthi "izihlwele ezibulalekayo" kodwa ukubeka ubuso obubambekayo kubo kwaye ezifana ukuhlala phakathi kwabo.
Oku kuya kufuna ukuba kufundwe ukwandisa i-ambit yethiyori "yodidi" ngaphakathi kobuninzi be "concrete" yamaIndiya ukuze ama-absctions of bookishness angaliphazamisi ithuba lokuzoba amanani amakhulu nangaphezulu kwintshukumo yeBolivarian/Gandhian ngokwenene ukusuka ngezantsi.
Ngokuchaseneyo, ukuba iNhlohlo liyaqonda ukuba idemokhrasi yamaqela amaninzi ePalamente isele ihleli, amandla ayo kufuneka asasazwe phakathi kokuqinisa ubukhosi bayo phakathi kwabo bakwisiphelo sobukhapitali, kwaye ungaze uvumele ithuba ukuba liqhubele phambili ezopolitiko. ukusuka phezulu ukuya eKhohlo
Ukutsho, oku kuya kubandakanya ukufunda kunxibelelwano lwedemokhrasi yentlalontle yaseYurophu kunye neLatin America, kwelinye icala, kunye nokucinga nzulu ngovavanyo lwalo lwamathuba eQela leNkongolo kunye nezinye ezincinci kwiLizwe liphela. -Iziko lezopolitiko.
Iza kubandakanya ingqwalasela ngokutsha imigaqo yombutho weqela, ukusekwa kwamaqela, kunye nenxaki epheleleyo yeKhohlo kunye nenkululeko yedemokhrasi engenanto yakwenza neqela abamanani abo angenakuthathelwa ngqalelo.
Ngokwenene, kuyathandabuzeka ukuba, ngokuthatha ukhetho lwentando yesininzi lwentlalontle, amaQela aKhohlo eIndiya anethemba lokuyichitha iNkongolo ngokugqibeleleyo ukuze ibe libambela eliphuculiweyo.
Kuloo meko apho amava ayo kwiminyaka emine enesiqingatha edlulileyo apho yayixhasa i-UPA ekhokelwa yiCongress ukuze iphononongwe ngokunzulu.
Ndikhumbula ukuba ngo-2004, ngexesha lokusekwa kukarhulumente, uninzi lwethu lwavakalelwa kukuba iNxele bekufanele ukuba lingene kurhulumente ngenxa yesizathu sokuba lalinokuphucula umgangatho wentlalo karhulumente kwaye linike uKhohlo ithuba kumasebe athile awayewakhethile. (i-panchayati raj, impilo, abasebenzi njl.,) ukwenza ingqondo yayo yaziwe ngcono phakathi kwamanani amakhulu, kunye nenzuzo kumsebenzi enokuthi ngenene uwenzile.
Ngobuchule, olu khetho belunokunika uKhohlo ithuba lokuyeka kubaphathiswa ngexesha lesivumelwano senyukliya i-imbroglio ngelixa ehleli engumxhasi wangaphandle.
Ndiyakhumbula ukuba sasixelelwe ukuba kuya kuba lilize ukuba iNxele lithathe inxaxheba kurhulumente de libe nefuthe elaneleyo lokumisela yonke imigaqo-nkqubo. Umzekelo ocacileyo wokungavisisani endithethe ngawo.
Ikhona enye into enokwenzeka, engekachazwa-eyileyokuba uKhohlo uyonwabile ukwenza ishishini eWest Bengal naseKerala, ngelixa ufumana inzuzo engaqhelekanga apha okanye phaya. Umbono ongafanelwanga neengcinga zaKhohlo, kunye nenye endithandabuza ngayo ukuba iwela nayiphi na ingqondo yaseIndiya eNxele.
Kuyathemba ukuba umboniso ombi kakhulu kunyulo lwakutsha nje apho iKhohlo liye lehla lisuka kwizihlalo ezingama-61 ukuya kwezingama-25 ePalamente liya kunyanzela ezinye zezi ngqwalasela zobuchule kwingxoxo evulelekileyo.
Ekhohlo inokuba yinguqu, okanye inokuba yezentlalo-yedemokhrasi. Iinzame zokuba nobabini zibonakala zisoyisa.
Okwangoku, asiyompumelelo engenantsingiselo ukuba ii-shenanigans ezivavanywe ixesha zamaqela e-Hindutva ziye zahanjiswa. Iya kuba ngumsebenzi wabo ukucinga ukuba ingaba bajike na ubuso babo kubuqhetseba, ipolitiki engenamigaqo, kunye nohlaziyo kunye neqela "lobuzwe" kunye ne-morph kwiphiko elichanekileyo elaziwayo, ulwakhiwo olugcinayo oluzilungelelanisa nemigqaliselo yoMgaqo-siseko waseIndiya malunga. yintoni equka "iimpawu ezisisiseko" ezingenakuguqulwa, ezifana nenkolo. Nemimiselo yayo ngokuphathelele kumalungelo akhethekileyo anikwe unqulo nezinye iindawo ezincinane.
Kuya kufuneka bazi ukuba kuxa bewela lo mgca, boyike kwanenkampani yaseIndiya kunye namajelo oshishino ebenokuthi ngenye indlela banqwenele ukubabona besoloko belawula.
Okokugqibela, umxholo wemithombo yeendaba kulo lonke iphulo lika-2009 yayikukuba yayiliphulo elingenazo naziphi na iimbono ezixhalabisayoโinto amajelo aye ayenza ukuba yonke into iqhubele phambili.
Inyani eyoyikisayo yeyokuba, nangona oku bekuyinyani ngandlela thile kubakhankasi abathatha inxaxheba, ngaphandle kwamaqela asekhohlo, i-700 yezigidi kunye nabavoti baseIndiya babenengcamango ecacileyo engqondweni.
Yiyiphi into abayivoteleyo: ilizwe, intlalontle. Bafanele ukukhahlelwa sisizwe.
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