Ulwaphulo-mthetho lweMfazwe yase-US: iminyaka eyi-10+ yokufa kunye nokutshabalalisa Afghanistani , Iminyaka eyi-8+ yokufa kunye nentshabalalo kwi Irakh
UJonathan Gillis
Agasti 15 2011 (Ihlaziywe ngo-Oktobha 13, 18-21 2011)
Xa uzwilakhe echithe iintshaba zasemzini ngo
Uloyiso okanye isivumelwano, kwaye akukho nto yoyika kubo.
ngoko ke usoloko exhokonxa imfazwe okanye enye;
ukuze abantu bafune inkokeli.
- uPlato
Bubungqina besiseko kunye nengqondo ephantsi ukuba umntu anqwenele
cinga ngobuninzi okanye isininzi, kuba nje
isininzi sisininzi. Inyaniso ayitshintshi kuba kunjalo,
okanye akunjalo, kukholelwa luninzi lwabantu.
โ Giordano Bruno
The eunited States uhlaselo lwe Afghanistani kwaye Irakh, ukuqala ngo-Oktobha 7 2001 kunye noMatshi 19 2003 ngentlonipho, kunye nemisebenzi elandelayo, yayiyi, kwaye ngokucacileyo "Izenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho ezichasene noXolo" zilandela umthetho wamazwe ngamazwe. Zombini iimfazwe zobukhosi zobundlobongela ziqalisiwe kwaye zaqhubeka zanda kwaye zigcina US i-hegemony; zombini iimfazwe azikho mthethweni kwaye azikho semthethweni (kunikwe isiseko, kwaye nakweyiphi na inqanaba, ukuba nayiphi na imfazwe inokuthathwa isemthethweni okanye isemthethweni). Isiphumo soLwaphulo-mthetho lweMfazwe kunye noLwaphulo-mthetho oluchasene noBuntu (ukubeka ecaleni iziqhushumbisi zokuqala zasemoyeni kunye nohlaselo lomhlaba ngokwazo), kubandakanywa nomlambo wabanye, u-Abu Gharib, Fallujah, iNisour Square, ubuqhophololo, ukubambana, ukuphindwa kabini kokungondleki kwabantwana ( konke kwimeko ye-Iraq kuphela), ukusuka kwi-US ehlala e-Afghanistan nase-Iraq, ityhila nayiphi na i-rhetoric ye-beneficence kwaye ibhubhise naziphi na izizathu ezivakalayo ezithethelelekayo kwi-absolution, ngokwemiqathango yalo naliphi na inqanaba elamkelekileyo lokuziphatha okusisiseko.
Imisebenzi yase-US e-Afghanistan nase-Iraq--eqhubeka ngolwaphulo-mthetho kunye nokuziphatha okubi, kunye namagosa oBukhosi base-US, ukusuka eBush ukuya kulawulo luka-Obama, kunye nolawulo lwangaphambili lwe-plutocracy, ukugcina ukuqhubeka komgaqo-nkqubo obonakala ngathi ungohlwaywa, umgaqo-nkqubo. eye yabangela imbubhiso enkulu kwaye yadala imozulu yokufa kwabantu abaninzi kunye nentshabalalo--ziqulethe imizekelo ethile yokufa kunye nentshabalalo, kunye neempendulo zemfundiso ye-apoloji kubo, exhaphake kakhulu, kunzima ukujonga inkcubeko yeziko njengeyona nto ngaphandle kwe I-psychopathic maniac. Ngokubhekiselele ekuchazeni ulwaphulo-mthetho olunjalo, akunakwenzeka ukuba kudlulele ngaphaya kwenkangeleko yokwenyani ukuze kugqunywe ukonakala kwenkqubo, ukonakala ekufuneka kupheliswe kwaye kubuyiswe umva ukuba siza kujonga esipilini size sahlule indlela yokuziphatha eluntwini.
Ukufa kunye nentshabalalo eyenzelwe abantu base-Afghanistan nase-Iraq, yenzekile, kwaye iyenzeka, kuba, phakathi kwezinye izizathu ezininzi, ezinye mhlawumbi azibonakali njengezinye, i-oyile kunye nokulawulwa kwemveliso, kunye nokuvinjwa kwemfazwe. kunye namalinge emfazwe anengeniso. Nangona ubunqolobi bobukhosi base-US ngokuqinisekileyo bungaphelelanga e-Afghanistan nase-Iraq, ngenjongo yokuzama ukwenza isigqibo, isenzo solwaphulo-mthetho kunye nokuziphatha okubi kwe-US ngokuchasene neLibya, iSiriya, iPakistan, iYemen, nakwezinye iindawo kuMbindi Mpuma, eMntla Afrika, eMzantsi Asia, kunye njalo njalo, kuya kufuneka ukuba kubekelwe bucala.
Kubalulekile ukukhankanya ukuba uLwaphulo-mthetho oluchasene noXolo, oluyimfazwe yobundlobongela, luthathwa ngokuba "lulwaphulo-mthetho oluphezulu lwezizwe ngezizwe olwahlukileyo kuphela kolunye ulwaphulo-mthetho lwemfazwe kuba luqulethe ngaphakathi kwalo ububi obuqokelelweyo bebonke" ngokwemigaqo yaseNuremberg. Ngamanye amazwi, bonke ubundlobongela obenzeke e-Afghanistan nase-Iraq luxanduva olusisishwankathelo segunya lokuhlala kunye nekoloniyali, ngaphandle kwabo bantu kunye namaqela ayenze ngokwenene ubundlobongela; ukusa kumlinganiselo wokuba naluphi na uxanduva, nobulungisa, bube bokwenyani, bungqinisiswe, kwaye bulandelwa ngokwemigaqo yokuziphatha neyomthetho esele ikho okanye ifuna ukusekwa. Abahlaseli abanamalungelo, banoxanduva kuphela kumaxhoba abo, ukuba ubutyala buyinyani, bungqinisisiwe, kwaye buphunyezwe ngokwesakhelo somthetho nesokuziphatha ngokwemigaqo yolawulo lwendalo iphela.
"Iintshaba" zenkcubeko ebalaseleyo, ezitshintsha ngokukhawuleza kunye nezinto ezinomdla wase-US (u-Osama bin Laden, iTaliban, uSaddam Hussein, noMumanar Quadafi, kunye nabalandeli babo ngokuthembeka, yonke le mizekelo iphambili ethi qatha engqondweni, ngokuba onke amahlakani ase-US anikwe inkxaso yomkhosi kunye nenkxaso eyongezelelweyo, kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo, ngaphambi kokuba abhengezwe ngenxa yesizathu esinye sokubeka okanye enye), asebenze, kwaye asebenza kumxholo owenziweyo, kwaye uya kuhlala, ixesha elide njengemikhosi yase-US kwaye i-axis yayo ye-imperial evumayo ithatha i-Afghanistan ne-Iraq, kwaye ilandele kwaye ibeke imigaqo-nkqubo ye-neoliberal kunye ne-neoconservative.
Ngaphandle kwezinto ezimbalwa, akukho ngxoxo inzulu kumajelo eendaba aqhelekileyo, ngokungekho semthethweni kunye nokuziphatha okubi. US uhlaselo, uhlaselo, imisebenzi elandelayo kunye neyexeshana Afghanistani kwaye Irakh--isiphumo esiqikelelwayo nesilawulwayo senkqubo yemfundiso yoshishino egxile kakhulu. Iqweqwe lemagazini iTime, kaJulayi 28 2008 libhengeza, โI-Afghanistan: Imfazwe elungileyo Kutheni iNtshona isilela apho, kwaye yintoni enokuyenza ngayo." Umbuzo wokuba semthethweni okanye ukuziphatha kwemfazwe yase-Afghanistan akuvumelekanga ngaphakathi kwi-scaffold echazwe ngokucacileyo yengxoxo yemfundiso; kutheni iNtshona, oko kukuthi iUnited States "iyasilela" apho, kunye nembono "yokusilela" ngokungathandabuzekiyo kuvumelekile, ngenxa yokuba yamkelwe, kwiingxoxo ezixineneyo zeengxoxo eziphakamileyo ezifundileyo, ngumbuzo onokubuzwa, kwaye ziphendulwe ngokulula, iimpendulo azikho zokuziphatha, kodwa zezoqoqosho, ezopolitiko kunye nokubaluleka kobuchule.
Kuba "zinkulu kakhulu ukuba zisilele" iikontraki zokhuselo, i-Lockheed Martin, iGeneral Dynamics, iRaytheon, iNorthrop-Grumman kunye neBoeing, iNtshona, ngakumbi, i-United States, "ayisilele" e-Afghanistan, okanye eIraq, okanye naphina. loo nto. Ngapha koko, iimfazwe zase-Afghanistan nase-Iraq, kunye "nePentagon's appetite yezixhobo ezibizayo, kunye nokungabikho kokhuphiswano phakathi kweekontraka eziseleyo - ibe ngumgodi wegolide kwiBig Five".[1] Phakathi kwezinye iinkampani ezininzi eziquka iBlackwater edume kakubi, ukusukela oko yaphinda yabizwa ngokuba yiXe Services, eyathi kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo โyayinamajoni abucala angaphezu kwama-2,300 athunyelwe kumazwe alithoba, kubandakanywa naseMelikaโ kwaye yagcina โuvimba weenkcukacha wama-21,000 awayesakuba ngamajoni akhethekileyo. amajoni, amajoni, kunye nabameli bonyanzeliso lomthetho abadla umhlala-phantsi abanokuthi bafowunele kubo okomzuzwanaโ kunye โneqela labucala leenqwelomoya ezingaphezu kwamashumi amabini, kuquka neenqwelo-moya zenqwelomoyaโ njengoko kuxeliwe nguJeremy Scahill kwincwadi yakhe ephumelele ibhaso. Blackwater.[2] Iikontraka zabucala e-Iraq (ezibonakala ngathi kunye nase-Afghanistan) zisebenze, kwaye ziyaqhubeka nokusebenza, ngokungabi nasohlwayo ngokubonga kwi-Order 17, leyo L. Paul Bremer, i-US "uMlawuli we-Iraq" ukusuka kwi-2003-2004, ekhutshwe ngoJuni 27 2004 Indoda eyadala lo mkhosi wabucala, uEric Prince owayedume kakubi, owayesakuba litywina, โubuKrestu obunobugila-gidi obunamandlaโ[3] yamkelwa kakuhle ngabaninzi kwisiseko. Ngo-Okthobha i-2 2007 yendibano yengxoxo-- ishukunyiswe ngakumbi ngenxa yokubulawa kwabantu eNisour Square ngoSeptemba 16 2007 xa kwabulawa abantu base-Iraqi i-17 (ukubulawa bekuya kuba lixesha elichaneke ngakumbi) kwaye ubuncinci i-24 yenzakala, emva komkhosi wamajoni aseBlackwater. ngokungakhethiyo nangaphandle kokucatshukiswa kwadubula izixhobo ezinzima kumacala amaninzi[4]-โindyikityha yaseNisour Square ayizange ivunyelwe ukuba iphakanyiswe kumgca wemibuzo. Ngokuzenzekelayo, ukuchaza esi siganeko njengayo nayiphi na enye into ngaphandle kwendyikityha yokufa asinto yanto.
Ngokufanelekileyo, ngobusuku obungaphambi kokuxoxwa kwetyala, "iSebe lezoBulungisa lika-Alberto Gonzale libhengeze ukuba liqalise uphando lolwaphulo-mthetho kweso siganeko", kungekhona ngexesha elifanelekileyo kumaxhoba e-Nisour Square, kodwa ke, amaxhoba olwaphulo-mthetho lwase-US ayiyona nto ibalulekileyo. U-Rep. Henry Waxman, usihlalo we-congressional hearing, uye wahambelana nesicelo seSebe le "Justice", nangona ezinye iinkcazo ezibalulekileyo kunye nemibuzo yanikelwa, mhlawumbi ezinye zazo zazisendaweni yezo zinokuthi zinikezelwe malunga nokubulawa kwabantu. I-Nisour Square, ngaba babevunyelwa ukuba baxoxwe.[5] Kwizimvo zokuvula zikaWaxman wathi ukusukela ngo-2000, iBlackwater yayine-204,000 yeedola kwiikhontrakthi zikarhulumente. Ukusukela ngoko, ifumene ngaphezulu kwebhiliyoni yeedola kwiikontraka zomdibaniso. Ngaphezu kwesiqingatha sezi khontrakthi zanikezelwa ngaphandle kokhuphiswano olupheleleyo noluvulelekileyo.โ UWaxman wakhankanya nesiganeko somhla wama-24 kuDisemba, 2006 xa โinkampani enxilileyo yaseBlackwater yadubula [umlindi osemsebenzini] kasekela mongameli waseIraq [wafa].โ Umbulali, esonwabela ukungohlwaywa ngetyala lakhe, wayengomnye โwabasebenzi abali-122 baseBlackwaterโ, ngelo xesha โyayiyisinye kwisixhenxe sabasebenziโฆ Irakhโ, โeyaye yapheliswa ngenxa yehambo engafanelekanga.โ Ummeli uDennis Kucinich wavuma ukuba โwayekhathazeke kakhulu kukuba kubonakala ngathi iSebe likaRhulumente liye lazama ukukufihla ukubulawa kwabantu baseBlackwater kunokuba lifune izicombululo ezifanelekileyo. Uqwalaselo olufanelekileyo oluthathela ingqalelo, ukuba izibophelelo zekontraka zeBlackwater zibandakanya[d] ukhuseleko loonozakuzaku abaninzi kubandakanywa neSebe likaRhulumente, umqeshi wabo. Uqhube wathi, ngokucacileyo ukuba "imfazwe iye yabucala, ke iikontraka zabucala zinomdla wokugcina imfazwe iqhubeka."[6]
Xa uBush ethatha isikhundla, "ukhuselo" (eli gama likwisicatshulwa kuba ligama elingafanelekanga elinikwe intsingiselo ye-Orwellian) inkcitho yayimalunga ne-300 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngonyaka. Ngo-2004 yayingaphezulu nje kwe-$400 yeBhiliyoni. Ngoku, US Inkcitho "yokukhusela" ingaphezulu kwe-700 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngonyaka.[7] Nangona onke la manani elahlekisayo kuba awabandakanyi iinkqubo zezixhobo zenyukliya kunye nokwanda kweSebe lezaMandla, uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lweSebe loKhuseleko lweLizwe, iibhiliyoni zeedola "kuncedo lomkhosi wangaphandle" kuSirayeli phakathi kwabanye abaninzi abafumana uncedo, njalo njalo. phezu, konke apho, ukuba ucwangciso-mali oluchanekileyo bekuza kufikelelwa kulo, luya kubandakanywa kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali โlokhuselekoโ lulonke. Ingcali yezoQoqosho uRobert Higgs ufike kwimali ethile eyahlukileyo yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali โlokhuseloโ lweminyaka-mali ka-2002 no-2004 olubeke izinto ngendlela elungelelanisiweyo. Ngokobalo lwakhe, ngowama-600 kwachithwa phantse iidola ezingama-2002 zamawaka ezigidi zeerandi โekukhuseleniโ. Ngaphezu koko, wathi โisimbuku esikhulu kunyaka-mali wama-2004 [besiya] kufikelela kwisixa-mali esimangalisayo esimalunga nee-R754 zamawaka ezigidiโokanye ama-88 ekhulwini ngaphezu koko. i-$401.3 yamawaka ezigidi ezipapashwa kakhuluโkambe ke, nayo nayiphi na inkcitho eyongezelelekileyo enokuvunywa ngaphambi kokuphela konyaka-mali.โ[8] Ilandela, ngoku, i US kusenokwenzeka ukuba ichitha ngaphezulu kwetriliyoni yeedola โkwizokhuseloโ, okanye ngokuchanekileyo, kumkhosi wehlabathi jikelele. Kuyamangalisa, kwaye kuyaphazamisa, kuba US phantse ichitha ngaphezulu kwezomkhosi kunelo lonke ihlabathi lidityanisiwe. iTshayina, enomkhosi wesibini ngobukhulu ehlabathini, ichitha imali encinane xa ithelekiswa naleyo, nangona elo nani likhula ngokukhawuleza. Ngaphezu koko, akuyi kuba yinto emangalisayo ukufunda, ukuba US ngoyena mthengisi mkhulu wezixhobo ehlabathini, ingaba ibiyinto exoxiwe, ingeyiyo inyani ekumele ingahoywa xa amawonga โokhuseleko lwesizweโ kunye โnozinzo lwengingqiโ evuthelwa ecaleni kweeholo zeenqaba zamagunya.
I-US-UN izohlwayo zafakwa kwi-Iraq kwi-1990, umlinganiselo wesohlwayo ngenxa yokuba uSaddam Hussein waphuma emgceni; ngohlaselo lwe-Kuwait ngo-1990, wayengasekho i-US ally eqinile (ukuba anikwe umkhosi kunye nolunye uncedo), ubuncinane ekukhanyeni koluntu, ngelo xesha "wayelutshaba" olumele kujongwane nalo. Uqikelelo lokufa kwabantu baseIraq okubangelwe lulawulo lwezohlwayo lusukela kumakhulu aliqela ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1.5 yezigidi zabantu ababhubhileyo. NgoMeyi 12, 1996 udliwano-ndlebe lweMizuzu ye-60, xa ebuzwa ukuba ixabiso lezohlwayo zase-US ngokumelene ne-Iraq lalifanelekile, oko kukuthi abantwana be-500,000 banokufa, oku kuthetha ukuba "abantwana abaninzi kunokuba bafe eHiroshima"[9], U-Ambassador Madeline Albright, owamiselwa njengoNobhala kaRhulumente kulawulo lukaClinton ngoDisemba waloo nyaka, waphendula ngokuthi, "... olu lukhetho olunzima kakhulu, kodwa ixabiso-sicinga ukuba ixabiso lifanelekile."[10]
Ngaphandle kwezinto ezincinci, akukho ngxelo yodliwano-ndlebe okanye izohlwayo ze-US-UN Irakh. Olunye uhlolisiso ekubonakala ukuba aluzange luhoywe ngokungagungqiyo lwafikelela kwisigqibo sokuba kukho abantu abangama-227,713 โabasweleke ngokugqithisileyoโ baBantwana baseIraq ukususela ngowe-1990 ukuya kutsho ngowe-1998.[11]
Isikolo saseBloomberg seMpilo yoLuntu e Johns Hopkins KwiYunivesithi ipapashe uphononongo lokufa kwe Irakh ukusuka 2002-2006. Iziphumo zatyhila ukuba ukusukela ngoMatshi ka-2003 โโฆukuya kuthi ga ngoJulayi ka-2006, kubekho [kuqikelelwa] ukuba ngama-654,965 abantu ababhubhileyo ngokugqithisileyo. Irakh ngenxa yemfazwe evela kuzo zonke izizathu. " Kuqikelelwa ukuba ukufa kwe-601,027 kubangelwa izizathu zobundlobongela, ngelixa ukufa kwe-53,938 "okugqithiseleyo" kwakungenxa yezizathu ezingezona ubundlobongela.[12] Oku kufa kuthathwa "kugqithise" kuba ngengazange kwenzeke ukuba kwakungekho US uhlaselo kunye nomsebenzi.
Ngokophando olwenziwe yi London Sekelwe Ishishini loPhando lwezimvo, kuqikelelwa ukuba i-1,033,239 Iraqis yabulawa phakathi kuka-Matshi 2003 kunye no-Agasti 2007 ngenxa US uhlaselo kunye nomsebenzi.[13] Oko kuthetha ukuba, ngaphezu kwesigidi sabantu, ngebengazange babulawe ngobundlobongela, ukuba bekungenjalo ngenxa ye-US bloodlust ye-oyile, ezinye izixhobo zokusebenza, imibhobho, ulawulo olucwangcisiweyo lwemarike yamandla yehlabathi, njalo njalo, phakathi kwamaxesha apho uphando lwenziwa.
Uphononongo lokufa olupapashwe kwindawo edumileyo UK ijenali yezonyango, Lancet Ngo-2004 kwafikelela kwisigqibo sokuba โ[m]ukwenza uqikelelo oluluqilimaโฆmalunga ne-100 000 lokufa ngokugqithisileyo, okanye ngaphezulu okuye kwenzeka ukususela ngohlaselo luka-2003. Irakh. Ubundlobongela bubangele uninzi lokufa okugqithisileyo kunye noqhanqalazo lomoya oluvela kwimibutho emanyeneyo lubangele uninzi lokufa okunobundlobongela. "[14] Kuyabonakala ukuba ngaphambi kokuba US Uhlaselo, ubundlobongela ibingengoyena nobangela uphambili wokufa kwabantu baseIraq. Ababhali bachaza ngokucacileyo ukuba โ[t] yena iiNdibano zaseGeneva zinesikhokelo esicacileyo malunga noxanduva lokuhlala imikhosi kubemi abalawulayo. Isibakala sokuba ngaphezu kwesiqingatha sabantu ababhubhileyo ekuchazwe ukuba babangelwa ngabafazi nabantwana sibangela inkxalabo. Ngokukodwa, iNgqungquthela IV, iSiqendu 27 sithi abantu abakhuselweyo โ. . . ngalo lonke ixesha iya kuphathwa ngobuntu, kwaye iya kukhuselwa ngokukodwa kwizenzo zobundlobongela . . .โ. Kubonakala kunzima ukuqonda indlela umkhosi onokuwubeka ngayo iliso umkhamo abantu abakhuselwa ngawo kugonyamelo ngaphandle kokubala imizimba yabo okanye ubuncinane bajonge iintlobo zongxwelerha abazibangelayo.โ[15]
Ngomhla we-18 kuMatshi ka-2002, e-Bagram Air Base, uGen. Tommy Franks, umphathi-mkhosi. Afghanistani Imfazwe ngelo xesha, kuxelwe ukuba yathi "... asiwenzi amanani omzimba."[16] Nokuba yinyani na ukuba iPentagon ayithethi ukuba bangaphi abantu ababulewe yi-US e-Afghanistan, nase-Iraq, okanye hayi--mhlawumbi ayisiyiyo imeko engalindelekanga enikwa ubunzima apho imfazwe yesiqhelo "eyimpumelelo" ilinganiswa ngaphakathi kwenkqubo yemfundiso, oko kukuthi umlinganiselo omkhulu "wotshaba olubuleweyo"--kukho ubalo oluchanekileyo lwe-US kunye namalungu afileyo. Kufuneka ikhankanyiwe, i-US iqinisekisa ukuba abo ijolise kubo abanalo "ibala lokudlala elisemgangathweni" ngoko kunengqiqo ukuba "isibalo somzimba" "sotshaba" siya kuba yimpazamo, ubuncinane ukusuka kwimbono yangaphakathi kwinkqubo yemfundiso. . Abaqhubi beenqwelo moya zoMkhosi woMoya, benxibe iisuti zabo zokubhabha ezikhutshiweyo, besebenzisa izixhobo zekhompyuter ezintsonkothileyo eNevada, belawula iidrones ezingamawaka eekhilomitha ngendlela, bezalisekisa i-ajenda engaqondakaliyo yephulo lokubulala ekujoliswe kulo, elikhokelele kumawaka abasetyhini, abantwana kunye namadoda. (eLibya, eSyria, njalo njalo) ukutshatyalaliswa ngobundlobongela, kubandakanywa nabemi base-US; omnye wemizekelo emininzi yendlela eliwa ngayo imfazwe yase-US kusetyenziswa amandla angazange abonwe ngaphambili, ngelixa egqunywe ngasemva kwezixhobo zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu. Ngenxa yokuba phakathi kwezinye izinto ezininzi eziqwalaselwayo, kunengqiqo ukucinga ukuba "ukwenza inani lomzimba", ukusuka kwizixhobo zokulwa imfazwe iya kuba yinto engabalulekanga ngenxa yokungalingani kweenkwenkwezi, kunye nokungakhethi, ukubulawa kwabantu, kunye nabachasi abaxhobileyo. Ukuhlala kwe-US e-Afghanistan nase-Iraq, nakwezinye iindawo. Oko kukuthi, kukho imizimba emininzi kakhulu ukuba ibalwe, kwaye amaninzi amaxhoba US Imbubhiso iyacinywa kumthetho onjalo, akukho mntu unokubalwa.
Kulo lonke iphulo lokuqala lokuqhushumba kwe-US Afghanistani ngasekupheleni kuka-2001, kwesinye isiganeko ubuncinane abantu abayi-100 babulawa njengoko ilali yabo "yacinywa" xa ibhombu ye-2000lb yadubula evela US ijethi โyayiphosaโ injongo yayo.[17] NgoJulayi ka-2002, abantu abaninzi be-48 babulawa kwaye abaninzi njenge-117 benzakala, abaninzi ukuba uninzi lwabo yayingabafazi nabantwana, xa i-US AC-130 gunship ihlasele umtshato wase-Afghan; I-US ayizange inikeze "uxolo" ngenxa "yeengxelo ezahlukeneyo malunga nento eyenzekayo".[18] Kwiinyanga zokuqala zika-2003, abantu abalishumi elinanye, amadoda asixhenxe kunye nabasetyhini abane, babulawa xa ijethi yase-US Harrier AV-8 "yawisa ibhombu ye-laser ekhokelwa yi-1,000 leponti" ngokucacileyo ilahlekile ekujoliswe kuyo.[19], "ixabiso" lokufa, ngelixa "impazamo", ngokuqinisekileyo "ifanele".
Ekuqaleni kukaDisemba 2003, abantwana abasithoba base-Afghan, kuquka abafana abasixhenxe abaneminyaka eyi-8-12, kunye namantombazana amabini aneminyaka eyi-9 kunye ne-10, babulawa ngexesha US uhlaselo. La makhwenkwe โayedlala amabhastileโ phambi kwendlu, yaye amantombazana, uBibi Toara noBibi Tamama ayekha amanzi kumlambo okufuphi โxa iijethi ezimbini zeA-10 zaseMerika [zadubula] imijukujelwa nemipuโ.[20] Ekuqaleni kuka-2004 kwabulawa abantu base-Afghan abali-11, kuquka abantwana abane kunye nabafazi abathathu kwelinye. US uhlaselo lomoya.