Kukho inani lemiba eyahlukeneyo kwingxoxo malunga nekamva lamaphephandaba: impembelelo yentlalo yokushicilela kuphela iintsuku ezininzi ngeveki, umzekelo, okanye ifuthe lokucutha indima yomgaqo-nkqubo woluntu ukuba amaphephandaba adlala. Kodwa enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo kule ngxoxo kukuqonda ubunyani bezemali bolu shishino, kuba yeyona nto igqibayo ukuba bangakanani abanini bamaphepha-ndaba abaza kukwazi ukwenza (ukuba kukho nantoni na). Kuloo manqaku, iitshathi ezimbini zaphuma kule veki eyenza loo ngongoma ibe ngcono kunayo nayiphi na into endiyibonileyo.
Eyokuqala yitshathi esekelwe kumanani ukusuka uMbutho wamaphephandaba waseMelika, kwaye ibonisa ingeniso yentengiso yephephandaba ukusuka kwi-1950 - xa umbutho waqala ukugcina iirekhodi - ukuya kwi-2012. Njengoko uprofesa wezoqoqosho uMark Perry amanqaku kwi isithuba kwiblogi yeCarpe Diem, itshati ibonisa ingeniso yentengiso ewela eliweni malunga neshumi leminyaka eyadlulayo, ibetha ithafa elifutshane phakathi kwiminyaka yoo-2000 kwaye emva koko iwa ngokukhululekileyo kwiminyaka emininzi ezayo (olu luguqulelo oluhlaziyiweyo. yetshathi evele kunyaka ophelileyo).
Isantya apho iibhiliyoni zeedola kwingeniso yentengiso ziye zaba ngumphunga kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo asiyonto ingakholelekiyo: njengoko uPerry ephawula, emva kokulungelelanisa amanani okunyuka kwamaxabiso, inkcitho yoshicilelo lulonke kunyaka ophelileyo malunga ne-19 yeebhiliyoni zeedola yayingaphantsi kwinqanaba elibekwe ngo-1950. Iminyaka engama-50 - isizukulwana, ngamanye amazwi - ukuba imali yentengiso ihambe ukusuka kwi-20 yeebhiliyoni ukuya kwincopho ye-65 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngo-2000, kodwa kwathatha iminyaka eli-12 kuphela ukuba icinywe loo nkqubela. Ingeniso yoshicilelo yehle phantse ngeepesenti ezingama-50 kwiminyaka nje emine.
Ngokuqinisekileyo, yonke loo ngeniso yentengiso ayizange iphele nje ngobusuku. Ngoko yaya phi ukuba yayingayi kumaphephandaba? Yaya kwi-intanethi, ngokwemvelo-kwaye itshathi yesibini ibonisa oyena mntu uzuzayo kule mfuduko: oko kukuthi, uGoogle. Umcebisi wemidiya kunye nomhleli wangaphambili wephephandaba u-Alan Mutter udibanise amanani engeniso yamva nje evela kumbutho wephephandaba kunye namanani adizwe nguGoogle malunga nengeniso yentengiso, kunye itshathi enesiphumo ibonisa ukuba uGoogle ungenisa ngoku ngokuphindwe kabini kunabo bonke amalungu oshishino lwamaphephandaba aseU.S.
Ngokutsho kwegrafu ye-Mutter, i-crossover point - oko kukuthi, inqaku apho ingeniso yentengiso ye-Google ekhulayo igqithise i-industry yephephandaba i-incomer ye-printing yehla ngokukhawuleza-yenzeke kwi-2009 okanye kunjalo. Ukusukela ngoko, ingeniso kaGoogle inyuke yaya kuthi ga kwi-46 yeebhiliyoni zeedola (le yingeniso epheleleyo yeGoogle, kodwa uninzi luyintengiso) kwaye ingeniso yoshishino lwamaphephandaba iwile ukuya ngaphezulu kancinci kweebhiliyoni ezingama-20 zeedola. Ngelixa amaphephandaba amaninzi ebonakala egxeka uGoogle ngokutshabalalisa kwawo, oku kufana nokugxeka inkanyamba ngokuphulukana nendlu yakho - inokuba nenyani kuyo, kodwa ekugqibeleni ayincedi.
Ngokucacileyo, oku kwehla okumangalisayo kumbindi wemodeli yeshishini-into uMark Perry ayibiza ngokuba "yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo." Iinqwelomoya zeSchumpeterian yokutshabalalisa ngokuyilayo kule minyaka yakutsha njeโ - inceda ukuchaza ukuba kutheni iinkampani zamaphephandaba zitshona, zivala umsebenzi wazo wokushicilela, zibandakanyeka kwimijikelo elandelelanayo yokudendwa nokuthatha amanye amanyathelo okuzama ukunciphisa iindleko. Kodwa kwiimeko ezininzi oku kufana nokuzama bamba imela ewayo.
Inani elikhulayo lamaphepha likwaphumeza iipaywall zobhaliso kwinzame zokuxhasa ingeniso encinci yoshicilelo abasenayo, kunye uninzi lwamaphephandaba amakhulu ukuba nohlobo oluthile lomqobo. Kodwa ngelixa i-NAA iphawule ukuba ingeniso evela kubhaliso inyuke ngeepesenti ezi-5 kulo nyaka uphelileyo, oko kukuhla okuncinci kwibhakethi enkulu. Njengoko Umbhali weReuters uFelix Salmon uphawule mva nje:
โKwishishini elifayo, into enengqiqo ekufuneka uyenzile kukwandisa ingeniso yakho ngaphambi kokuba ubhubhe. Ii-Paywall zinokwenza imali kumaphephandaba. Kodwa oko akuthethi ukuba amaphephandaba awafi. Ngokuchasene noko.โ
Phawula: Abanye abafundi baye babonisa ukuba i-chart ye-Mutter ifanisa ingeniso yephephandaba lase-US kwiintengiso zentengiso ye-Google yehlabathi jikelele, eyinyani. Ngokoqikelelo lwamva nje lwe-eMarketer, uGoogle izisa malunga ne-15 yeebhiliyoni zeedola kwingeniso yentengiso eUnited States. Ke ayisiyiyo kangako kumzi mveliso wephephandaba, kodwa kufutshane - kwaye elo nani liyenyuka, ngelixa ingeniso yephephandaba isehla.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa ngemali kuphela ngesisa sabafundi bayo.
Nikela