Umthombo: Inkululeko
Umbhatali omnye kukhathalelo lwempilo jikelele lufikeleleka kubantu baseCalifornia. Ngomhla wama-20 kaJan, uMthetho osayilwayo we-1400, owaziwa ngokuba yiCalCare, wapasisa ikomiti yolwabiwo-mali yendibano yelizwe laseCalifornia. Ukuba iCalCare idlula umgangatho wendibano ngoJan. 31 iya kuqhubela phambili kwi-senate karhulumente.
Ngoku, malunga nesithathu sabemi baseCalifornia bakwi-Medi-Cal, inkqubo ye-inshurensi yezempilo yoluntu yasimahla eqinisekisa ukhuseleko olungenanto. I-7.3% yabemi baseCalifornia ongaqinisekanga.
Ukwahluka kwezempilo kwavula indlela yokuba ubhubhani we-COVID-19 wenze isiphithiphithi eCalifornia. I-COVID-19 ibulale abantu abamalunga nama-80,000 eCalifornia ukuza kuthi ga ngoku. Ukuba iCalifornia ibililizwe, inani labo lokufa kwe-COVID-19 bekuya kuba njalo isikhundla 20th ehlabathini.
Ukungaphumeleli kweshishini lezempilo ngexesha le-COVID-19
Ngo-2019, i-Global Health Security Index (GHS), idityanisiwe njengeprojekthi edibeneyo phakathi kweNuclear Threat Initiative (NTI) kunye neJohns Hopkins Centre for Health Security, ibeka iMelika phakathi kwenye eyona ulungele ukujongana nobhubhane. Oku kwangqineka kukude nenyaniso. I-US isenengxaki yokusilela kumacandelo amaninzi kwaye ikhokela ihlabathi ngokusweleka kwe-COVID-19-882,000 ngexesha lokubhalwa.
USul Kanowitz, umsebenzi wezempilo woluntu, uchaze kwiNkululeko igalelo elingenakuthelekiswa nanto labasebenzi abangaphambili, esithi, "Ekuphela kwento ekufuneka yenziwe kukujonga kushicilelo kunye nemithombo yeendaba zombane ukubona iinzame ze-herculean zabasebenzi bangaphambili abanikezela ngobomi babo ngokwenyani, ngokutyhileka. kwintsholongwane ye-SARS-CoV-2 kunye nokuphuhlisa i-COVID-19. Abasebenzi bezempilo babalwa ngokungenamda phakathi kwabantu [abangama-882,000 nangaphezulu] abaswelekayo.โ
Ngelixa abasebenzi bezempilo besifa kwimigca engaphambili, abaphathi bezibhedlele bawisa uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali oluxhaphakileyo kunye nokunqongophala kwabasebenzi, bekhankanya ukunqongophala kwabasebenzi ukunyusa imida yabo yengeniso. Ngokomzekelo, amaziko aphakamileyo afana neHCA kunye neTenet Healthcare kunye neMayo Clinic yanikezelwa amagosa amahlanu aphezulu kumatyathanga awo adityanisiwe afikelela kwi-846 yezigidi zeedola njengoko abasebenzi babo bezempilo batyunyuzwa ngamaza e-COVID-19. A kwilizwe lonke survey bafumanise ukuba ama-83% abongikazi baxele ubuncinci isiqingatha seshifti yabo abanabasebenzi abangakhuselekanga.
U-Kanowitz wongeze ukuba ngabasebenzi bezempilo bakarhulumente kunye nabanye abasebenzi abenza uluntu ukuba luqhube: โAkukho zi-CEO zimelwe ngokungenamkhethe phakathi kwabafileyo. Bebengasebenzi amaxesha amabini kwaye bebengagxothwanga kwiintsapho zabo ukuze babe negalelo ekupheliseni lo bhubhani. โ
Inkululeko iphinde yathetha noDoug Kauffman, owayengumcwangcisi wokukhutshwa kwisibhedlele sase-Keck sase-USC, malunga namava akhe njengomsebenzi wezempilo. Uthe, โNjengabo bonke abasebenzi bezempilo ndaziva ndiziva ndilahlekile kwaye ndinomsindo kwasekuqaleni kobhubhaniโฆ Ukonakaliswa kwenkqubo yokhathalelo lwempilo yongxowankulu kwakumangalisa. Ukubeka isigulana kwiziko kudla ngokuthatha iiyure ezimbalwa kunye nesiqingatha seshumi elinesibini lokufowuna [kwaye] unokufowunela amaziko angamashumi amane ngosuku kwaye ungafumani ndawo iveki yonke. Isibini kwisithathu sazo zonke izibonelelo ziye zavalwa ngenxa yokuqhambuka kwabantu abaninziโฆ
Njengoko ubhubhane uqhubeka ukuya kunyaka wawo wesithathu, uPreston Wood, umongikazi, uthethe neLiberation malunga nenkqubo yokhathalelo lwempilo yabucala โyokungakwazi kunye nokungabikho kwenkxaso yokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwabasebenzi, abaguli kunye neentsapho zabo. Amawakawaka [abasebenzi] ashiya ukhathalelo lwempilo ngenxa yokudinwa, uxinezeleko, umvuzo onganeleyo, nokudandatheka. Abalawuli bathumela ulwazi olubhidekileyo olusekwe kunxibelelwano olubi kulawulo lweBiden. โ
"Lo bhubhani ubonakalise ngokucacileyo imfuno engxamisekileyo yokutshintsha inzuzo yethu, inkqubo yokhathalelo lwempilo olungenasiphelo kunye nenkqubo esembindini, ecwangcisiweyo enikezela ngeenkonzo kubo bonke ngaphandle kokujonga ingeniso yabo, iwonga, uhlanga, okanye naliphi na elinye icandelo elenziweyo," wongeze watsho uKauffman.
Inkqubo yokhathalelo lwempilo yabucala, enikezelweyo yase-US ibonakalise ukuba yintlekele kubasebenzi bezempilo kunye nezigulana ngokufanayo. Oku, nangona kunjalo, kwakunjalo ixesha elide ngaphambi kobhubhani we-COVID-19.
Ukhathalelo lwempilo lomntu omnye luyathandwa kwaye lunokusindisa izigidi zobomi
Abasebenzi base-US sele bexhasa ukuqhubela phambili kwindlela yokuhlawula omnye. Uvoto luka-2020 lwase-Hill-HarrisX lufumanise ukuba iipesenti ezingama-69 zabavoti ziyayixhasa i-Medicare for All. Kwanangaphambi kobhubhane, iinkampani zeinshurensi zazijongwa ngokubanzi njengezoyikeka kakhulu - zihlawulisa amakhulu amawaka eedola ngeenkqubo ezincinci kunye notyelelo lwegumbi likaxakeka, ukunqongophala kokhuseleko lukagqirha kunye nokwaliwa kokhuseleko kubantu abaneemeko ezingapheliyo.
Inqaku lika-2020 elivela kwiJenali yeAmerican Medical Association yafumana i-spike engazange ibonwe kwingeniso yeenkampani zeinshurensi ngelixa amasebe ezempilo oluntu kwilizwe liphela. Zabalaza ukuxhasa umkhondo wonxibelelwano. Ukusukela nge-26 kaJan, iqela le-UnitedHealth lengeniso ka-2021 i spiked ukuya kwi-287 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi ngelixa i-3.2 yezigidi zihlala zingakhuselwanga eCalifornia kuphela - omnye kwabangama-10 baseCalifornia abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-65.
Ukususela ngoSeptemba 2020, iZiko loPhando lePew poll bafumanise ukuba "i-63% yabantu abadala base-US bathi urhulumente unoxanduva lokubonelela ngokhathalelo lwempilo kubo bonke, ukunyuka kancinci ukusuka kwi-59% [2019]."
Ukuphindaphindwa kwangaphambili kokwandisa ukufikelela kukhathalelo lwempilo njengoNonophelo lweSigulana sika-Obama kunye noMthetho woNonophelo oZifikelelekayo ka-2010 uzise ukhuseleko kwisabelo esikhulu sabantu base-US, kodwa nangona kunjalo, abantu abazizigidi ezingama-30 baye bashiywa bengakhuselwanga. Singasathethi ke nge-ACA yayilungiselelwe abemi base-US kuphela kwaye yayineemfuno ezingqongqo kwizinto ezingaphandle.
Nangona kukho iinkcazo ezahlukeneyo zokhathalelo lwempilo lomhlawuli omnye, umxholo oqhelekileyo iimpawu umhlawuli omnye "njengequmrhu elinye eliqokelela imali kwaye lihlawule ukhathalelo lwempilo egameni labantu bonke" (Liu & Brook, 2017). Ngaphantsi kweCalCare, eli qumrhu liya kuba lilizwe laseCalifornia. Ngaphantsi kwe-Medicare for All, iya kuba ngurhulumente wase-US, oku kuthetha ukuqinisekiswa kwe-inshurensi yezempilo.
Ngokucacileyo, iCalCare iya kwandisa ukhuseleko kubaphambukeli kunye neembacu. UReem Zubaidi, umphathi wenkqubo osebenza ngokusondeleyo noluntu lweembacu eSan Diego, uxelele iLiberation ukuba ukhathalelo lomntu omnye unokuwutshintsha njani umdlalo weimbacu njengoko โinokusombulula imiba emikhulu, njengokuthoba umqobo wemali okanyeโฆ okanye uloyiko localucalulo, ukungaqiniseki ngamalungelo abo okufumana ukhathalelo. Kwaye oku kuya kunceda ekukhuthazeni abantu ukuba bafune unyango lokuthintela kunokulinda ukuba iingxaki zempilo zibe mbi ngaphambi kokuba zihambe, okuyingxaki eqhelekileyo.โ
Inkululeko yathetha noRachelle Compton, umongikazi kunye Umlweli weCalCare eSan Diego. Uthe, โYima okomzuzwana ucinge [ukuba] awusenaxhala malunga nokhathalelo lwempiloโฆ ukusebenza.โ Ngokuphathelele le nkqubo ikhoyo wongeze ngelithi, โIyahlekisa, ayinabuntu!โ
U-Erika Feresten, umlawuli we-Health Care for All-Los Angeles, umbutho ophantsi okhokela umlo weCalCare, uxelele i-Liberation malunga nokufikelela ngokubanzi kwempembelelo yentlalontle yalo mthetho kwimiba yentlalo yokungabi namakhaya kunye nesidingo esinzima seenkonzo zempilo yengqondo. โNgumthetho oyilwayo wobulungisa bobuhlanga, ngumthetho wamalungelo oluntu, ngumthetho wamalungelo okusingqongileyo,โ utshilo uFeresten.
Ukuqhubela phambili, imodeli eyomeleleyo yeenkonzo zempilo iza kubaluleka ngakumbi njengoko abasindileyo kwi-COVID-19 befumana iziphumo ezingapheliyo zesi sifo kwaye baya kufuna ukhathalelo rhoqo ukugcina umgangatho wobomi obanelisayo.
Le yifoto yaseCalifornia
Kwisiteyitimenti seendaba, umongikazi obhalisiweyo kunye nomongameli woMbutho wabongikazi eCalifornia uCathy Kennedy uthe, "Thina abongikazi besiququzelela ukuphumelela ukhathalelo lwempilo oluqinisekisiweyo kubo bonke abahlali bakarhulumente ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-30 kuba siyazi ukuba le kuphela kwendlela yokuba izigulana zethu zikwazi. bafumana inyameko abayifunayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuba zingakanani na iiakhawunti zabo zebhanki.โ
Ngaphandle kokukhankasela ukhathalelo lwezempilo oluhlawulwa umntu omnye, uGov. Gavin Newsom ukwalile ukuxhasa iCalCare. Endaweni yoko, i-Newsom ifuna ukubandakanya ukhathalelo lwempilo jikelele kunye nokwandiswa kwe-Medi-Cal ukugubungela bonke abantu abangabhalwanga kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali olulandelayo lorhulumente - ukuyeka umrhumo omnye.
I-Newsom kunye ne-California Democratic Party bathathile Iminikelo kumakhulu amawaka avela kwiinkampani zeinshorensi ezifana neBlue Shield, Anthem kunye neUnitedHealth.
Abadlali abakhulu kwicandelo lezonyango njengeCalifornia Medical Association kunye noMbutho weZibhedlele zaseCalifornia bobabini bayayichasa iCalCare. Nangona oku kunokubamangalisa abanye, umbutho ngamnye ubukhulu becala uqulunqwe ngabasebenzi babucala kunye nezibhedlele zabucala. I-CMA kunye ne-CHA ziyayichasa i-CalCare ngesiseko sokuba iya kuba nefuthe kukhetho lomntu ngamnye lwezigulane zabo, ngaphandle kokuxhalaba okuncinci kweenzuzo zoluntu ezinokuthi zivele kwinkqubo yomhlawuli omnye.
UFeresten ugxininise imfuneko yentshukumo elungelelanisiweyo yokucinezela amalungu endibano yaseCalifornia ukuba adlule eCalCare esithi โAbezopolitiko abenza ingeniso kwinkqubo kufuneka baphendule kwaye benze lo [mthetho] ube yinyani. Siyathemba ukuba ukudlula eCalCare eCalifornia kunokukhuthaza amanye amazwe ukuba athathe inyathelo elifanayo kumazwe abo. โ
Kufuneka sibeke uxinzelelo kumalungu endibano karhulumente kunye namanye amagosa karhulumente njengoko bexoxa kwaye bevotela iCalCare. Oku kunokuza ngendlela yokuhlanganisa uluntu, ukutsalela umnxeba kwiiofisi zamalungu endibano okanye nokubathumelela iiposikhadi ezixhasa iCalCare. Ngaphandle koxinzelelo loluntu, urhulumente welizwe olawulwa yiDemokhrasi unokuphinda agobe kwintando ye-inshurensi yezempilo.
Njengoko umlo wokhathalelo lwempilo lombhatali omnye ulindele ivoti yendibano yaseCalifornia ngoJan. 31, uluntu oluninzi nangakumbi lwabasebenzi luyayiqonda indlela eyintlekele ngayo inkqubo yabucala ekhoyo. Njengoko eli lizwe lisondela kwisigidi esinye sokubhubha kwe-COVID-19, oorhulumente basekhaya kunye norhulumente basaxoxa ngokuba wonke umntu kufuneka abe nokhathalelo lwezempilo. Ukudlula iCalCare kuya kuba luloyiso lwembali kumzabalazo wokhathalelo lwempilo jikelele kunye nenyathelo elibalulekileyo lokwenza ukuba ukhathalelo lwempilo lufikeleleke kubo bonke. Nokuba ngulo nyaka okanye omnye, umgangatho, ukhathalelo lwempilo jikelele luya kuphunyelelwa ngumbutho olungelelanisiweyo, womkhosi ofuna inkqubo yezempilo ebeka abantu ngaphezulu kwenzuzo.
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Nikela