Abo bangabanini bobutyebi bezizwe bajonge ukujongela phantsi ubukhulu bezinto abanazo ngelixa begxininisa iimpawu ezicingelwa ukuba zilungile kucwangco lwentlalo noqoqosho abachopheleyo. Ngemibutho yabo yabaqulunqi bomthetho kunye nabaqulunqi bezimvo, abaphathi abalawulayo bavelisa uluhlu olungapheliyo lweesimboli, imifanekiso, kunye neengxelo ukufihla kunye nokusemthethweni inkqubo yobudlelwane boluntu obuxhaphazayo obukhoyo phakathi kwe-1% kunye ne-99%.
Ibhaso leNobel Peace Prize lingabonakala lidlala indima enokwenzeka kuyo yonke le nto. Ngenxa yokwanda kwepropaganda yodidi oluxhasa inkqubo kunye neembono ezichazwe kuthi, iBhaso loXolo likaNobel lihlala lilibhaso nje. Kodwa lolona lubalaseleyo, lunandipha iwonga elidumileyo ekuthanjisweni kwalo ngabantu abasele bephawuleka.
Ngo-Oktobha 2012, iKomiti yeNobel yaseNorway (enyulwe yiPalamente yaseNorway) iye yanika iEuropean Union (EU) ngeBhaso loXolo likaNobel. Mandiyithethe loo nto kwakhona: iManyano yaseYurophu namazwe angamalungu ayo angama-28 kunye nabemi abazizigidi ezingama-500 yawongwa ngokuba โnegalelo ekuqhubeleni phambili uxolo noxolelwaniso, idemokhrasi namalungelo oluntu eYurophu.โ (INorway ngokwayo ayilolungu le-EU. Abantu baseNorway babenengqondo entle yokuvota ngokuchasene nokujoyina.)
Umyolelo kaAlfred Nobel (1895) uchaza ngokucacileyo ukuba ibhaso loxolo kufuneka liye โku umntu abaya kuba benze owona msebenzi mkhulu okanye ungcono kubuzalwana phakathi kwezizwe, ukubhangiswa okanye ukuncitshiswa kwemikhosi emileyo kunye nokubamba nokukhuthaza iinkomfa zoxolo." I-EU ayingomntu kwaye ayikhange isebenzele ukubhangiswa okanye ukunciphisa imikhosi emileyo okanye ukukhuthazwa kwalo naluphi na uhlobo lwe-ajenda yoxolo. Ukuba ibhaso le-EU lijongeka lincinci, i-BBC kunye nezinye iindaba eziphambili zeendaba ziye zahlangula, zibhekisa "kumashumi amathandathu eminyaka yoxolo" kunye "namashumi amathandathu eminyaka ngaphandle kwemfazwe" ekucingelwa ukuba i-EU iphumelele. Ngosuku olulandelayo, umntu othile kwi-BBC wenza amanani kwaye waqala ukubhengeza ukuba i-EU izise "Amashumi asixhenxe iminyaka yoxolo kwilizwekazi laseYurophu." Zinokuba zicinga ntoni ezi ngqondi zilumkileyo? Ekuqaleni yayibizwa ngokuba yiEuropean Economic Community yaza yasekwa ngo-1958, iEuropean Union yasekwa phantsi kwegama layo langoku ngo-1993, malunga neminyaka engamashumi amabini eyadlulayo.
IKomiti kaNobel, abamkeli be-EU, kunye namajelo eendaba asentshona ayengayihoyanga imfazwe yomoya yowe-1999 epheleleyo eyasungulwa kwilizwekazi laseYurophu nxamnye neYugoslavia, idemokhrasi yobusoshiyali eyathi ubukhulu becala yanikela ubomi obulungileyo kubantu bezizwe ezahlukahlukeneyo zamaSlavicโnjengoko. abaninzi babo basangqina nanamhlanje.
I-EU ayizange iluchase olo hlaselo. Enyanisweni, uninzi lwamazwe angamalungu e-EU, kuquka iJamani neFransi, angenela imfazwe yowe-1999 kumazwe aseYurophu eyayikhokelwa ubukhulu becala yiUnited States. Kwiintsuku ze-78, imikhosi yase-US kunye neminye imikhosi ye-NATO yaqhubhisa iifektri zaseYugoslavia, izixhobo, izikhululo zamandla, iinkqubo zikaloliwe, iibhulorho, iihotele, izakhiwo zokuhlala, izikolo kunye nezibhedlele, zabulala amawaka abantu, konke oko egameni lokuhlangula uluntu, zonke ziphenjelelwa amabali angenabungqina be-Serbian "i-genocide." Yonke le mfazwe yenzeke kumhlaba waseYurophu.
IYugoslavia yonakalisiwe, kunye nedemokhrasi eyilwe ngendlela eyahlukileyo ngokuzilawula kunye nenkqubo yobunini basekuhlaleni. Endaweni yayo kuye kwavela iqela lee-mini-republics ezikwiphiko lasekunene apho yonke into yenziwe yabucala kwaye yacinywa, kwaye intlupheko ithathe indawo yeamplitude. Ngeli xesha iinkampani zasentshona ezityebileyo ziqhuba kakuhle kwindawo eyayisakuba yiYugoslavia.
IYurophu ecaleni, amazwe angamalungu e-EU athumele imikhosi e-Afghanistan, e-Iraq, eLibya, nakwiindawo ezongezelelweyo e-Afrika, kuMbindi Mpuma, nakwi-Asia Ephakathi, ehlala iphantsi koqeqesho lomatshini wemfazwe wase-US.
Kodwa ndandilindele ntoni? Kangangeminyaka ndandisithi eyona ndlela yokuphumelela iNobel Peace Prize yayikukulwa imfazwe okanye ukuxhasa abo balwa imfazwe endaweni yoxolo. I-overstatement mhlawumbi, kodwa jonga.
Masiqale emva ngo-1931 ngophumelele iNobel: Nicholas Murray Butler, umongameli weYunivesithi yase-Columbia. Ngexesha leMfazwe yeHlabathi yokuQala, u-Butler wawalela ngokucacileyo onke amaziko emfundo ukuba agxeke imfazwe ye-Allied ngokuchasene ne-Central Powers. Wafanisa iimvakalelo ezichasene nemfazwe kunye novukelo kunye nokungcatsha umbuso. Kwakhona wathi "i-proletariat efundileyo ingumthombo oqhubekayo wokuphazamiseka kunye nobungozi kulo naluphi na uhlanga." Ngeminyaka yoo-1920 uButler waba ngumxhasi ophandle kazwilakhe wobuFasi wase-Italiya uBenito Mussolini. Kwiminyaka ethile kamva waba nomdla kwiJamani yamaNazi eyayinomkhosi onzima. Ngowe-1933, kwiminyaka emibini emva kokufumana ibhaso likaNobel, uButler wamema unozakuzaku waseJamani eUnited States ukuba athethe eColumbia ekhusela uHitler. Wakhaba izibheno zabafundi zokurhoxisa isimemo, esithi siza kunyhasha inkululeko yokufunda.
Dlulela phambili ukuya ku-1973, unyaka omnye wabona baphuli-mthetho bemfazwe, uHenry Kissinger, wafumana ibhaso leNobel Peace Prize. Kwisithuba esingcono seshumi leminyaka, uKissinger usebenze njengoMncedisi kaMongameli weMicimbi yoKhuseleko lweSizwe kunye noNobhala welizwe lase-U.S., eyongamela ukukhutshwa kwegazi okubonakalayo okungapheliyo e-Indochina kunye nongenelelo olungenalusini lwase-US kuMbindi Merika nakwezinye iindawo. Ukusuka kuqhushumbisi lwekhaphethi ukuya kumaqela abulalayo, uKissinger wayelapho ebetha abo babenobuganga bokumelana namandla aseMelika. Kwimibhalo yakhe kunye nezibhengezo zakhe uKissinger wayesoloko ethetha ngokugcina umkhosi wase-US kunye nempembelelo yezopolitiko kwihlabathi liphela. Ukuba nabani na usilela ukuhambelana nenkcazo ka-Alfred Nobel yomntu ophumelele ibhaso, iya kuba nguHenry Kissinger.
Ngowe-1975 sifika kuAndrei Sakharov ophumelele iNobel, isithandwa sephephandaba laseU.S., umchasi waseSoviet owayesoloko ecula iingoma zobukapitali bequmrhu. USakharov ubethelele umbutho woxolo wase-US ngokuchasa iMfazwe yaseVietnam. Utyhola iiSoviets ngokuba ngabona banetyala emva kogqatso lwezixhobo kwaye wayexhasa lonke ungenelelo oluxhobileyo lwase-US phesheya njengokhuselo lwedemokhrasi. Edunyiswa ngasentshona โnjengomthetheleli wamalungelo abantu,โ uSakharov akazange abe nalizwi libi lokunyhashwa kwamalungelo oluntu okoyikekayo okwenziwa ngoorhulumente bobunyani bamazwe athembekileyo aseMelika, kubandakanya iPinochet's Chile kunye neSuharto's Indonesia, kwaye wajolisa amazwi agxekayo " peaceniks" owenza njalo. Wayesoloko ehlasela abo baseNtshona ababechasa ungenelelo lomkhosi wengcinezelo wase-US phesheya.
Masingamhoyi uMama Teresa. Onke amajelo eendaba ehlabathi alincoma eli nenekazi elinoburhalarhume njengongcwele ozincamayo. Enyanisweni wayengumntu othanda ukusabela okhohlakeleyo owamkela ngovuyo ukutshatyalaliswa kwemfundiso yezakwalizwi kunye nolunye uphuhliso lwenkqubela phambili yehlabathi. โIzibhedleleโ zakhe โneeklinikhiโ zakhe zazingaphezu nje kweendawo zokugcina abantu abafayo nabo babegula zizifo ezinyangekayo ezazinganyangwaโekugqibeleni zikhokelela ekufeni. Wenza amaphulo anxamnye nolawulo-nzala, uqhawulo-mtshato nokuqhomfa. Wayethanda ukonwaba nezityebi kunye nokuphendula kodwa wayechukunyiswe kakhulu njengegorhakazi lasezulwini kangangokuba abantu base-Oslo kwafuneka bamnike imbasa enkulu ngo-1979.
Kwandula ke kwabakho iDalai Lama eyawongwa ngeBhaso loXolo likaNobel ngowe-1989. Kangangeminyaka iDalai Lama yayihlawulwa yiCIA, iziko eliye labulala abasebenzi abavukelayo, abalimi, abafundi nabanye kumazwe asehlabathini lonke. . Umkhuluwa wakhe wadlala indima ebonakalayo kwiqela leCIA-ngaphambili. Omnye umzalwana uye waseka umsebenzi wobuntlola kunye neCIA, equka icandelo labanqolobi eliqeqeshwe yiCIA abathi abaqeshwa babuyela eTibet ngeparashuti ukuya kuphembelela imvukelo. I-Dalai Lama yayingengomntu we-pacifist. Uye waxhasa ungenelelo lomkhosi wase-US/NATO e-Afghanistan, kunye neentsuku ezingama-78 zokuqhushumba kweYugoslavia kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kwelo lizwe. Ngokuphathelele iminyaka yembubhiso nentshabalalo eyenziwa yimikhosi yaseUnited States eIraq, iDalai Lama ayizange igqibe kwelokuba: โkusengaphambili ukuba kuthiwe kulungile okanye akunjalo,โ watsho ngowama-2005. Ngokuphathelele ugonyamelo olwenziwa ngamalungu ehlelo lakhe nxamnye nothile owayekhuphisana naye. ihlelo, waqukumbela ngelithi "ukuba injongo ilungile ke indlela, nokuba ngokubonakalayo uhlobo olunobundlobongela, ivumelekile." Kuthethwa njengomamkeli wokwenyani weNobel.
Ngo-2009, ngokuzilinganisa, abantu base-Oslo banikezela ngeBhaso loXolo lweNobel kuMongameli uBarack Obama ngelixa wayevelisa uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lomkhosi kwaye esongamela iimfazwe ezintathu okanye ezine kunye nenani lezinye izenzo zohlaselo, ezalandela kwiminyaka embalwa kamva. ngeemfazwe ezongezelelweyo eYemen, eNtshona Pakistan, eLibya, naseSyria (kunye ne-Iran isalindile). Umphumelele kaNobel u-Obama naye wazingela ngokuzingca waza wabulala u-Osama Bin Laden, emtyhola-ngaphandle kobungqina obuncinane-bokuba wayelawula uhlaselo lwe-9/11 kwi-World Trade Centre kunye ne-Pentagon.
Unokubona ukuba u-Obama wayemangalisiwe-kwaye mhlawumbi wayeneentloni-ngebhaso. Nanku lo mphathi wenqwelomoya uselula ezama ukubonisa ukuba wayeligorha elibukhali kangakanani na, ekhahlela iibhokisi ezigqunywe indwe ngenye imini aze ahlasele ezinye iindawo nabantu ngelandelayoโizenzo zogonyamelo ezixhasa ulungelelwaniso lweHlabathi Elitsha, ngokuqinisekileyo yonke into ifanelekile. ngembasa yoxolo yeNobel.
Kukho ezinye iihawks zemfazwe zeNobel kunye neempendulo zokuhlola. Andizenzi ndinolwazi malunga nabo bonke abaphumelele ibhaso. Kwaye kukho abambalwa abamkeli abafanelekileyo abathi qatha engqondweni, abafana noMartin Luther King, Omnci., uLinus Pauling, uNelson Mandela, noDag Hammarskjรถld.
Masibuyele kwindawo yokuvula: ngaba iManyano yaseYurophu iyalifanelekela ibhaso? Igcisa laseVancouver uJennifer Brouse undinike elona gama lokugqibela (kunye nelona lihle): "Ibhaso leNobel le-EU? Oko kubonakala ngathi kukulungele kwaye kuncomela uqinisekiso lwangoku lokunciphisa ubungqongqo. Okokuqala, iinkampani ngabantu, emva koko imali yintetho yasimahla, ngoku umbutho wamazwe alungiselelwe ukudodobalisa ulongamo lwesizwe egameni labalawuli abalawulayo ufumana ibhaso loxolo.Kwelinye icala, ukuba iEU ingumntu ngoko ifanele itshutshiswe ngokumisela imigaqo-nkqubo ekhokelela ngokuthe ngqo kwingcinezelo enogonyamelo yoqhanqalazo olunoxolo. , nasekubandezelekeni nasekufeni kwabemi bayo ababandezelekileyo.โ
Ngamafutshane, iBhaso loXolo likaNobel kaninzi alinanto yakwenza noxolo kwaye linento yokwenza nemfazwe. Ihlala ibona "uxolo" ngamehlo e-ntshona plutocracy. Ngeso sizathu kuphela, akufuneki sithelele ekuqhwabeni izandla.
UMichael Parenti ngumbhali we-Face of Imperialism kunye neeNgcebiso ezichasayo. Ngolwazi oluthe vetshe ndwendwela iwebhusayithi yakhe: www.michaelparenti.org
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa ngemali kuphela ngesisa sabafundi bayo.
Nikela