Xa u-Edward Snowden ebambeke kwi-limbo kwisikhululo seenqwelomoya saseMoscow, abantu abaninzi e-United States nakwihlabathi liphela bayazibuza ukuba yintoni enokwenziwa ukumnceda. Abantu baseMelika abangaphezu kwe-123,000 basayine uxwebhu lwezikhalazo kwiwebhusayithi ye-White House besithi "u-Edward Snowden ligorha lesizwe kwaye kufuneka akhutshwe ngokukhawuleza, uxolelo olupheleleyo, olukhululekile kunye nolupheleleyo". Ezinye izicelo zenkxaso ziqokelele abantu abasayiniweyo abazizigidi ezisisi-1.3.
Ngokwenyani kukho into encinci enokwenziwa ngabantu abohlukeneyo ukunceda u-Snowden afikelele kwindawo ekhuselekileyo apho anokukhululwa kwintshutshiso ngurhulumente wase-US.
Oorhulumente base-Ecuador, eRussia naseVenezuela bameme uSnowden ukuba afake isicelo sokukhuselwa, kwaye akukho mathandabuzo okuba iya kunikwa. Isiseko esisemthethweni sokukhuselwa kwezopolitiko sinamandla kakhulu, ngakumbi kuba i-US ihlawulise u-Snowden phantsi koMthetho we-Espionage. Ekubeni kucacile ukuba akukho ntlola ebandakanyekayo apha - akukho bungqina bokuba wayesebenzisana okanye wadibana nabo nabaphi na oorhulumente bamazwe angaphandle - esi sesinye isalathisi esicacileyo sokuba u-Snowden unoloyiko olusisiseko lokutshutshiswa. Kwaye kwezopolitiko, ngaphandle kwemizamo yemithombo yeendaba yokubeka u-Snowden njengolwaphulo-mthetho kunye nomngcatshi, uninzi lwehlabathi lubonakala luvelana naye. Nawuphi na urhulumente omncedayo phantse ngokuqinisekileyo uya kuba nenkxaso ethandwayo ekhaya.
Ingxaki kukuba aba rhulumente bayathandabuza ukuthatha amanyathelo ayimfuneko ukuze bafumane inkululeko ye-Snowden ngenxa yempindezelo enokwenzeka yase-US. Ewe, ukuziphindezela akunakwenzeka njengoko abantu abaninzi becinga: UWashington wayenomsindo neHong Kong malunga nosuku emva kokuba yala isicelo sokubuyiselwa, emva koko yavuthuza. Izilumkiso zikaJohn Kerry "zeziphumo" zeRashiya neChina zatshintshwa ngoLwesine nguMongameli u-Obama, owafuna ukuthoba iprofayili yalo mbandela. Omnye umzekelo wamva nje wokusongela impindezelo engazange yenzeke yayizizoyikiso zase-US kubantu basePalestina ngokufuna ukwamkelwa kwe-UN kwilizwe labo.
Kwaye kukho izinto abanye oorhulumente abanokuthi bazenze ukunceda le nkqubo. Okokuqala kwaye kulula, oorhulumente baseMzantsi Melika - mhlawumbi ngokusebenzisa i-UNASUR okanye elinye iqumrhu lommandla - banokugxeka izoyikiso zaseWashington zokuqhawula ukhetho lwezorhwebo lwase-Ecuador ngokuziphindezela ngokunikezela ukufumana isicelo sika-Snowden sokukhuselwa kwezopolitiko. Bathatha amanyathelo afanayo ekuphenduleni kwizisongelo ze-UK zokuhlasela i-ambassy yase-Ecuador eLondon ukuba ibambe uJulian Assange, kwaye ezi ntshukumo zaphumelela kwezopolitiko.
Okwesibini, oorhulumente abaninzi banokwenza izitatimenti ezixhasa oko u-Snowden akwenzileyo, ngokuzithoba njengoko bekhetha, kwaye banikele ngokufumana isicelo sokukhuselwa kwezopolitiko - into ekufuneka bayenze phantsi komthetho wamazwe ngamazwe kuyo nayiphi na imeko. Okukhona oorhulumente besenza ezi ngxelo, kokukhona kuya kuba nzima ukuba iWashington yahlule okanye iziphindezele kuye nabani na kubo.
Okwesithathu, nangona i-Ecuador yayimathidala ukunika uSnowden amaxwebhu okundwendwela, abanye oorhulumente banako. Kwakhona, okukhona oorhulumente bechaza ukuvuma kwabo ukwenza njalo, kuya kuba lula ukuziphindezela okuvela eWashington.
Emva koko kukho umbuzo wokuba ufika njani kwilizwe elikhuselekileyo. Apha, nawuphi na urhulumente onobuhlobo unokumnika inqwelomoya yabucala – yindleko encinci kurhulumente. Abemi abaziwayo abavela e-US nakwamanye amazwe banokunikela ukuba bahambe kunye no-Snowden, ukunciphisa amathuba okuziphatha okuyingozi ngumkhosi wase-US (nangona u-Obama ethe "wayengasayi kukhwela iijethi" ukufumana i-Snowden). Urhulumente waseRashiya unokuqinisekisa ukuba inqwelomoya ye-Aeroflot eya eCuba, ukuba ithwele i-Snowden, iphinde ihanjiswe ngendlela ukuze ingabhabhi isondele kakhulu e-US.
Urhulumente waseRashiya, ukuba akafuni ukunika i-Snowden i-visa yelizwe lakhe, unokubonelela ngezothutho ukuya e-Ecuadorian okanye kwenye i-ambassy karhulumente eMoscow, apho u-Snowden unokufaka isicelo se-asylum aze asombulule umba woxwebhu lokuhamba. Ukusuka apho, amaRussia aya kunyanzeliswa ngokusemthethweni ukuba anike i-Snowden indlela ekhuselekileyo yokuya kwilizwe elalimnike indawo yokukhosela. (Ukuvalelwa kukaJulian Assange ngurhulumente waseBritane kumzi wozakuzo wase-Ecuador eLondon kulo nyaka uphelileyo, emva kokuba efumene indawo yokusabela e-Ecuador, akukho mthethweni phantsi komthetho wamazwe ngamazwe.)
Okokugqibela, kukho "amandla aphezulu esibini", njengoko uluntu lwehlabathi lwathiywa igama ngo-2003 xa amashumi ezigidi zabantu abetha izitalato kwihlabathi liphela ngokuchasene nohlaselo olukhokelwa yi-US e-Iraq. Ukongezelela ekunyanzeliseni oorhulumente babo ukuba bathabathe inyathelo elinye okanye ngaphezulu kula ahlukahlukeneyo achazwe ngasentla, abemi banokwenza izinto ngokwabo. Ngokomzekelo, banokwenza i-"Snowden Aviation Club", ukunyusa imali yendiza yangasese ukuba imse kwindawo ekhuselekileyo. Okanye nokuba ihelikopta ukumhambisa kwi-ambassy yase-Ecuadorian eMoscow. Iimali zazo naziphi na kwezi zikhetho kufuneka kube lula ukuziphakamisa, ngenxa yenkxaso yakhe edumileyo.
U-Edward Snowden wenze inkonzo yobugorha kubantu baseMelika nakwihlabathi jikelele, ngokubhentsisa impatho-gadalala karhulumente exhaphakileyo esongela inkululeko kuyo yonke indawo. Kuxhomekeke kuye wonke umntu oyiqondayo le nto ukuba aqinisekise ukuba akatshutshiswa ngokwenza njalo.
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Nikela