Umthombo: TomDispatch.com
Ibinzana elithi โukuzikhotha ice cream coneโ yaqala ukusetyenziswa ngo-1992 ukuchaza i-bureaucracy efihlakeleyo NASA. Nangona kunjalo, njengomfanekiso, ilunge ngakumbi kumkhosi wezomkhosi waseMelika, iziko elikhulu kakhulu kuneNASA kwaye lizinikele ngokupheleleyo ekusebenzeleni ukuqhubela phambili kunye nokunye okuncinci.
Ukucinga ngaloo nto kwandikhokelela kwelinye ibinzana elisekelwe kuluhlu lwaseMelika olubonakala lungenasiphelo lweemfazwe ezingenalo uloyiso: umkhosi ozibulalayo. I-US, emva kwayo yonke loo nto, ayikhange iphumelele kungquzulwano olukhulu ukusukela kwiMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi, xa yayincediswa lumanyano olukhulu olubandakanya uzwilakhe weSoviet uJosef Stalin ongahloneli Thixo. Kwaye nanku ummangaliso wayo yonke into: ngaphandle kwerekhodi elibi leminyaka engama-75 lomkhosi, kubandakanya iimfazwe zaseKorea kunye neVietnam zenkulungwane ephelileyo kunye nemfazwe engapheliyo yokoyikisa le, ingxowa yePentagon ukuphuphuma ngeedola zabarhafi. Yintoni enika?
Abantu baseMelika bayavuma ukuthanda "yabo" imikhosi, kodwa yintoni abayifumanayo njengembuyekezo kulo lonke olo thando (kunye nemali)? Incinci kakhulu, ibonakala. Kwaye loo nto ayifanelanga ukuba yothuse nabani na othe wanikela ingqalelo encinci, kuba indawo yomkhosi yangoku yenzelwe ukukhusela eli lizwe kunokuzikhusela, amalungelo alo kunye namandla alo. Oko kunqabile ukuba kuxoxwe ngenyani ibe negalelo kwizenzo nakwiingqondo ezenza amandla asebenze ngokwenene kwinto enye: ukoyisa naluphi na utshaba eWashington njengoko luqhubeka nokuphumelela. uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali olukhulu kwaye i igunya lenkcubeko ukudibanisa. Ukuba ilahlekelwa kakhulu kuyo yonke enye indawo, kubonakala ngathi, inxalenye nje ye-bargain.
Uluhlu lwee-debacles zakutsha nje kufuneka lucace njengoko luyothusa: I-Afghanistan, i-Iraq, iLibya, iSomalia, iYemen (kunye neengongoma ezijikelezayo naphakathi). Kwaye nokuba yinyani kunqabile ukuba kugxilwe kumajelo eendaba aqhelekileyo, akukho nanye kwezi ibe yimfihlelo kumagosa aphezulu aqhuba loo mkhosi. Jonga kwi Pentagon Papers ukusuka kwixesha leMfazwe yaseVietnam okanye Amaphepha aseAfghanistan kutshanje ityhilwe ngu Washington Post. Kuzo zombini ezi meko, iinkokeli zomkhosi ezaziwayo zase-US zavuma ukuba zineziphene kwiindlela zabo zokulwa imfazwe, kubandakanywa nokungabikho kwesicwangciso esihambelanayo, ukungaqondi kakuhle ubume kunye nezakhono zeentshaba zabo, kunye nokungabikho ngokupheleleyo kwayo nayiphi na inkqubela yokwenene ekuphumezeni uloyiso. , noba kutheni iindleko.
Ewe kunjalo, ukuvavanya okunyanisekileyo kobuchule bokwenene bemfazwe beli lizwe benziwa ngasese, ngelixa izithethi zomkhosi kunye nabaphathi baseMelika babeka phantsi isikrini somsi esidlangalaleni ukufihla eyona miba mibi yezo mfazwe kubantu baseMelika. Njengoko bathetha ngokukrakra (kunye ngasese) phakathi kwabo malunga nokulahlekelwa, bathetha ngentshiseko (kwaye ngokuphandle) kwiCongress kunye noluntu malunga nokuphumelela. Ukuba awukhange uqaphele, kwiindawo ezinjengeAfghanistan kunye ne-Iraq umkhosi wawukho, unyaka emva konyaka ongapheliyo, wenza โinkqubela phambili"Kwaye"iikona ezijikayo.โ "Intetho eyonwabisayo" enjalo (umxube wobuxoki kunye ukuzikhohlisa) inokuba isebenze ukugcina imali ihamba kunye nokuthengiswa kwezixhobo kusanda, kodwa ikwagcina iingxowa zomzimba zingena (kwaye abemi besifa kumazwe akude) โ kwaye akukho nto, okanye ubuncinane nantoni na ngayo nayiphi na ingcaciso esengqiqweni โyokhuseleko lwesizwe.โ
Okumangalisayo kukuba, nangona kukho ukungalingani okucacileyo phakathi kobuxoki bomkhosi kunye nenyani, abantu baseMelika, okanye abameli babo kwiCongress, ubukhulu becala bathenge obo buxoki ngobuninzi kunye namaxabiso eenkwenkwezi. Ukanti ukwala kweli lizwe ukujongana nezibakala zokoyiswa kuye kwaqinisekisa kuphela ungenelelo oluyintlekele ngakumbi lomkhosi. Isiphumo: umkhosi ozoyisayo, oxakeke yimali, ujonge ukoyiswa ngakumbi njengoko ujonga emagxeni awo kubuxoki obuya busanda.
Ikamva Liyilento Yayikade Liyiyo
Kwakudala, umbambisi weYankee waseNew York kunye nomphathi kamva uYogi Berra washwankathela into eyayiza kwenzeka Le ndlela: "Ikamva alisafani nakuqala." Kwaye kwakungenjalo. Ngokomzekelo, sasidla ngokuphupha iimoto ezibhabhayo, iijetpakhi zobuqu, iirobhothi ezikhululayo, kunye nexesha lokuphumla. Sade saphupha nohambo olugoba ingqondo oluya eJupiter, njengakuStanley Kubrick's ifilimu ye-epic 2001: I-Space Odyssey. Njengokuninzi ebesikucingele, loo maphupha akakaphumi ncam.
Nangona kunjalo nantsi into eyahlukileyo kubulumko bukaBerra: ngokumangalisayo ngokwaneleyo, kumkhosi wase-US, ikamva liqikelelwa ukuba laliyiyo ngaphambili. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, umbono wamva nje wekamva weenkokeli zomkhosi waseMelika kukuba - bambelela kwizigcina-ntloko zakho zeKevlar - a Imfazwe ebandayo โentshaโ kunye noogxa balo bangaphambili abangamakomanisi, iRashiya neTshayina. Kwaye songeze kwenye inkalo yombono wexesha elizayo lomkhosi: iimfazwe, njengoko ziyibona, ziya kuliwa kwaye zilungiswe ngeenguqulelo zala maxesha (kunye nexabiso elithe kratya) zeenkqubo ezifanayo zezixhobo zakudala ezisithwalele kuninzi oluphakathi. -kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini: amaxabiso angakumbi eenqwelo-moya ezithwala inqwelomoya, iitanki, kunye neenqwelomoya zokulwa kunye neziqhushumbisi emgceni-heyi! - mhlawumbi ezimbalwa ngokucokisekileyo destabilizing Iinukes ezinobuchule aphoswe ngaphakathi, kunye neninzi imijukujelwa ehlaziyiweyo ezithwala iinqwelo-moya โezinobuqhophololoโ nezibiza kakhulu. Cinga: i F-35 yokulwa, inkqubo izixhobo ezibiza kakhulu kwimbali (ukuza kuthi ga ngoku) kunye Ibhombu yeB-21.
Kwikamva elinjalo, ewe, umkhosi wanamhlanje akufuneki utshintshe konke konke, okanye ke iinjengele zethu kunye nee-admirals ziyaphikisana. Umzekelo, kusaza kufuneka iinqanawa ezininzi. Umyalelo ophakamileyo weNavy sele ukhala nge-355 kubo, ngelixa ukhalaza ukuba irekhodi-ekuseta i-738 yebhiliyoni yebhajethi yePentagon ngo-2020. kakhulu "qinile" ukuxhasa ezo nqanawa.
Akufuneki kugqitywe xa kufikwa kwizikhalazo malunga nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali "oluqilima", uMkhosi woMoya uxoxa ngokucacileyo ukuba udinga iibhiliyoni ezingaphezulu ukwakha "inqwelo" yeenqwelomoya ezinokuhlawula. iimfazwe ezimbini ezinkulu kanye. Ngeli xesha, uMkhosi uhlala uphembelela umntu omtsha oxhobileyo ophethe izixhobo (ukuba athathe indawo ye-M2 Bradley) eyinto esoteric. abangaphakathi joke kuya kufuneka yenziwe โunobtainium.โ
Ngamafutshane, nokuba ingakanani na imali yolawulo lukaTrump kunye neCongress ephosa kwiPentagon, sisiqinisekiso sokuba umkhosi omkhulu uya kukhalaza kuphela ukuba kuninzi okufunekayo, kubandakanya izixhobo zenyukliya ukuya kwinqanaba elinokwenzeka. $ 1.7 zezigidi ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-30. Kodwa ukuphinda-phindana kokunye, emva kwerekhodi leminyaka engama-75 yokungaphumeleli (singasathethi ngelahleko ethe kratya), kungaphezu kwenkani, ngaphezu kobuhlungu. Bubudenge obungenamsebenzi.
Kutheni ke ngoko isazingisa? Impendulo iya kuba kukuba eli lizwe aliziphenduli iinkokeli zalo zomkhosi ezingaphumeleliyo. Endaweni yoko, iyabaqhwabela izandla kwaye ibaphakamise, ibavuze xa bethatha umhlala-phantsi ngabantu abathandathu, edla ngokwandisa imisebenzi enzima kunye neekontraka ezinkulu zokhuselo. Xa kujongwe inkqubo enjalo, kutheni na iinjengele zaseMelika kunye noonogada bamele bathethe inyaniso emandleni? Bona are amandla kwaye baya kuzigcina iinyaniso ezirhabaxa kunye nezingathandekiyo kubo, enkosi kakhulu, ngaphandle kokuba zikhutshwe ngamagorha afana noDaniel Ellsberg ngexesha leMfazwe yaseVietnam kunye ne-Chelsea Manning ngexesha leMfazwe yase-Iraq, okanye baxoshwe kubo ngetyala elifana nelo. nge Washington Post oko kutshanje kukhokelele kwezo Afghanistan Papers.
Umamazala wam wasePoland wandifundisa ibinzana eliguqulela ngokuthi, โUngathethi nto nakubani na.โ Xa kufikwa kwiimfazwe zaseMelika kunye nenkqubela phambili yazo yokwenyani kunye nethemba, qwalasela oko kusemthethweni kuthethwe ngabantu basePentagon. Nangona iimfazwe zaseMelika zitshona kwii-quagmires zesitayile saseVietnam, imali iqhubeka ihamba, ngakumbi kwiinkqubo zezixhobo ezixabisa kakhulu.
Cinga ngenkonzo yam yakudala, uMkhosi woMoya. Njengendawo enye yeendaba zokhuselo Yibeke, โAbaphathi beCongress banike uMkhosi woMoya [kunye Lockheed Martin] isipho seholide kwisivumelwano senkcitho sika-2019โฆ I-1.87 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi kwii-F-20 ezongezelelekileyo ezingama-35 kunye neendawo ezisecaleni ezinxulumeneyo.โ Itotali entsha nje ngo-2020 "yi-98 yeenqwelomoya - 62 F-35As, 16 F-35Bs, kunye ne-20 F-35Cs - ngexabiso elikhulu le-9.3 yeebhiliyoni zeedola, ithwesa i-F-35 njengeyona nkqubo inkulu yokuthengwa kwePentagon." Kwaye akuphelelanga apho. Umkhosi woMoya (kunye noNorthrop Grumman) wafumana esinye isipho kwakhona: $ 3 billion ngakumbi ukuba ifakwe kwi entsha, engafunekiyo, B-21 stealth bomber. Nditsho neBoeing ephantsi kakhulu, enoxanduva loku intlekele 737 MAX inkqubo, ndafumana isipho: phantse ibhiliyoni yeedola ukuze ihlaziywe F-15EX umlo, inguqulelo elungiswe kakhulu yenqwelo-moya eyaqala ukubhabha ekuqaleni kweminyaka yee-1970. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle kwezo zipho, amagosa oMkhosi woMoya ayaqhubeka nokubanga ngobuso obuthe ngqo ukuba inkonzo ifumana "umququ omfutshaneโ kumadabi ohlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwanamhlanje ePentagon.
Kuthetha ukuthini konke oku? Impendulo enye ecacileyo iya kuba: ekuphela komlo ophumeleleyo wePentagon zezo zeedola zethu zabarhafi.
"IiDopes kunye neentsana" Galore
Andikwazi kubanga ukuba ndakhe ndahamba kwimijikelezo yeenjengele kunye nee-admirals, nangona ndadibana nabambalwa ngexesha lomsebenzi wam wasemkhosini. Sekunjalo, akakho umntu onokuthandabuza ukuba abalawuli bethu bazinikele. Ekuphela kombuzo ngulo: ukuzinikela entweni kanye-kuMgaqo-siseko nakubantu baseMelika okanye kwisebe labo lenkonzo, bejonge kumhlalaphantsi otofotofo nonengeniso? Ngokuqinisekileyo, ukunyaniseka kwinkonzo (kunye nokuhambelana okuhamba nayo), kunokuba ngaphandle kwebhokisi yokucinga kwezo mfazwe ezilahlekelwa ngokungapheliyo, kwanceda abaninzi babo ukuba baphumelele ukunyuswa kwinqanaba leflegi.
Mhlawumbi esi sesinye sezizathu zokuba, emva kukaJulayi ka-2017, umphathi-mkhosi okhoyo ngoku, uDonald Trump, uxelelwe ukuba wathuka abantu bakhe abaphezulu bezokhuseleko kwigumbi elingenafestile lePentagon elaziwa ngokuba yi "Tanki." Wababiza-kuquka uSihlalo weeNkosana eziManyeneyo zaBasebenzi uJoseph Dunford, Jr. - "iqela labasebenzi. dopes kunye neentsana.โ Njengoko umongameli watshoyo, iinkokheli eziphezulu zasemkhosini zaseMelika azisaphumeleli kwaye, njengoko wacacisayo, akukho nto imbi njengokulahleka. Wongeze wathi, โNdifuna ukuphumelela. Asisaziphumeleli iimfazweโฆ Sichitha i-7 yezigidi zezigidi zezigidi zeedola, wonke umntu uneoyile kwaye asisaphumeleli.โ (Kwaye, nceda uqaphele, oko akutshintshanga unyaka onesiqingatha ukususela ngaloo mzuzu.)
Ngokuqinisekileyo, uTrump uphose umsindo oqhelekileyo, kodwa amagqabantshintshi akhe malunga nokulahlekelwa ngexabiso eliphezulu kakhulu (kwaye ahlala) ephawulwe ngokupheleleyo, ingekuko ukuba wayenombono wokuguqula iimfazwe zaseMelika ezilahlekileyo kunye nabaphathi bazo abalahlekileyo babe ngabaphumeleleyo. Ngeendlela ezininzi, "iqhinga" lakhe libonakalise ngokuphawulekayo njengabo babini bangaphambili, uGeorge W. Bush noBarack Obama. Thumela imikhosi emininzi ukuya kuMbindi Mpuma. Drone kunye nebhombu ngonaphakade Kaninzi, hayi nje ngaphakathi Afghanistani kwaye Irakh kodwa nakwiindawo ezinje Somaliya kwaye Libhiya. Sandise ukuzibophelela kwethu kwiimfazwe "ezilahlekileyo" ezifana ne-Afghan, nangona sithetha ngokungapheliyo malunga nokuphelisa kunye nokuzisa imikhosi ekhaya. Kwaye uqhubeke "ukwakha kwakhona" lo mkhosi mnye, uxhobisa ezo "dopes kunye neentsana," kunye needola zabarhafi.
Iziphumo ziye zaqikelelwa kakhulu. Iinjengele zaseMelika kunye nee-admirals zinemali eninzi kangangokuba akufuneki ukuba benze ukhetho olunzima ngokwenene. Kunzima ukuba bacinge. Umkhosi wasemoyeni, umzekelo, uqhubeka nokucwangcisa kunye nokuthenga abalweli be-stealth ababiza kakhulu kunye neziqhushumbisi zokulwa iMfazwe ebandayo esityholwa ngayo kwiminyaka engama-30 eyadlulayo. Ngeli xesha, izoyikiso โzokhuseleko lwesizweโ zexesha elizayo ezinjengeentlekele ezinxulumene nemozulu okanye ubhubhane azihoywanga. Ngubani obakhathaleleyo xa eli lizwe ngokucacileyo liya kuba nabona balweli nabaqhushumbisi behlabathi?
KwiPentagon, ikamva lidlule kwaye lidlule, ikamva. Kutheni le nto iinkokeli zomkhosi kufuneka zicinge xa โโumongameli kunye neCongress beqhubeka nokubavuza ngobuxoki kunye nokusilela kwalo lonke uhlobo?
UTrump ukholelwa ukuba iMelika ayisaphumeleli kuba asinalunya ngokwaneleyo. Thatha ioli, dammit! Isizathu sokwenyani: ngenxa yokuba iimfazwe zaseMelika azinakuphumelela ukusuka kwi-git-go (into yokugqibela ye-18 iminyaka kufuneka ibonakaliswe ngendlela engaqinisekanga) kwaye - i-irony yazo zonke i-irony - engafuneki ngokupheleleyo kwimbono yokhuselo lwelizwe lokwenyani. Akukho ndlela yokuba umkhosi wase-US uphumelele "iintliziyo kunye neengqondo" kuwo wonke uMbindi Mpuma kunye ne-Afrika kunye ne-salvos yemijukujelwa yesihogo somlilo. Enyanisweni, inye kuphela indlela โyokuphumelelaโ ezi mfazwe: ziziphelise. Kwaye inye kuphela indlela yokugcina ukuphumelela: ngokuphepha ezizayo.
Ngenkqubo engakwazi ukusebenza ngcono (eWashington), umkhosi waseMelika uyala ukukuvuma oku. Endaweni yoko, iinjengele zethu zihlala zikhahlela ngobuchule ngelixa zilele esidlangalaleni (iinkcukacha esiya kufumanisa ngazo kuphela xa iseti elandelayo โyamaphephaโ ikhutshiwe ngenye imini). Okwangoku, xa kufikwa ekufuneni nasekufumaneni iidola zerhafu, abakwazanga ukuba nobuchule obungakumbi. Ngaloo ndlela, kwaye oko kuphela, ngabona baphumeleleyo ekugqibeleni.
"Iidophu kunye neentsana," uMongameli uMongameli? Hayi, ngamadoda kuphela anobuchule bokwenyani kubugcisa besivumelwano. Akumangalisi ukuba inkokeli yaseMelika ikhathazekile. Kuba xa kufikwa kumba womkhosi-wemizi-mveliso kunye namandla ayo kunye namalungelo, nokuba uTrump udibene nomdlalo wakhe. Ubekho ngaphandle koxinzelelo. Kwaye ukuba abanye bethu bathe cwaka kulo mbandela, ngoko nathi.
UWilliam Astore, a TomDispatch njalo, yi-lieutenant colonel (USAF) kunye noprofesa wembali. Ibhlog yakhe yobuqu Bracing Views.
Eli nqaku lavela okokuqala kwi-TomDispatch.com, iblogi yeSizwe yeZiko, ebonelela ngokuhamba ngokuqhubekayo kweminye imithombo, iindaba, kunye noluvo oluvela kuTom Engelhardt, umhleli wexesha elide ekupapasheni, umseki weProjekthi yoBukhosi baseMelika, umbhali we Ukuphela kweNkcubeko yoloyiso, njengenoveli, Iintsuku zokuGqibela zokuPapasha. Incwadi yakhe yamva nje ithi Isizwe esingenziwanga yiMfazwe (Iincwadi zeHaymarket).
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa ngemali kuphela ngesisa sabafundi bayo.
Nikela