[Esi sincoko sabhalwa kanye ngaphambi kokubhubha kukaSuharto nge-27 kaJanuwari.]
Ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kubakho ukuziphendulela. Kodwa ayizukuba kungekudala, hayi ndiyabulela kumalungu angoyikiyo abizwa ngokuba yintatheli yaseNtshona namhlanje ngenkalipho ehluza i-minutiae yemeko yezempilo ka-Suharto nanjengoko beyiphepha i-anatomy yokuba njani kwaye kutheni ehleli ixesha elide kangaka.
Ekubeni uzwilakhe wase-Indonesia wabalekiselwa kwisibhedlele saseJakarta ngoJanuwari 4, siye sachazelwa iinkcukacha ezininzi malunga nokudumba kwamathumbu nezintso ezibuthathaka. Siyazi ngolwelo oluqokelelwe kwimiphunga kaSuharto kunye ne-anemia yakhe. Nkqu nengcwaba elisele lilungile "kwimausoleum kwincopho yentaba encinci ... engqongwe ngamathafa erayisi amenyezelayo." Kodwa malunga nolwaphulo-mthetho lukaSuharto, kunye nabo babekwimeko yokuthintela kwaye bakhetha endaweni yokujonga kude okanye ukufumana inzuzo kubo, sixelelwa kancinci. Sixelelwa, umzekelo, yi ENew York Times, lozwilakhe โlokunyashwa ngokuqatha kwamalungelo abantu kunye nobuqhophololo obumangalisayo,โ ngokungathi ukutshatyalaliswa kwesinye kwisithathu sabemi base-East Timor kunokuthiwa "ukuxhatshazwa ngokuqatha" kunye nokuphangwa okukhulu kweziqithi zase-Indonesia isenzo sokunganyaniseki esibangele inzuzo engekho mthethweni.
Nokuba u-Suharto uyafa phakathi kweentsuku okanye iiveki, okanye uyasinda ukuze aphile iminyaka embalwa engaphezulu ayinanto. Ii-obituaries sele zibhaliwe, ukuba zikhutshwe mhlawumbi kunye nohlaziyo olumbalwa kwimizuzu nje emva kokubhubha kukazwilakhe ngamaziko amakhulu e-Free World punditry. Into abangayi kuyithetha iya kuvakala ngakumbi kunoko baya kuyithetha, kwaye abayi kungqubana nendlela ababeziqhelise ngayo ngaphambili.
Izibane eziphambili zentatheli zaseNtshona zibhale njani malunga nokubulawa kwabantu eIndonesia ngo-1965 nangowe-1966, kusetyenziswa "uluhlu oluhlanganisiweyo olucwangcisiweyo" olunikezelwe ngamagosa ase-US kuSuharto kunye neenjengele zakhe kwaye ichazwe yiCIA "njengenye yezona zinto zibulala abantu abaninzi e-US. kwinkulungwane yama-20.
NgoJuni 1966, umbhali wemihlathi uJames Reston we ENew York Times ibonise iRiphabhlikhi ecociweyo yaseSuharto "njengelitha lokukhanya eAsia." Emva kwenyanga ixesha iphephancwadi lancoma โEzona ndaba zilungileyo zaseNtshona zeminyaka eAsiaโ phantsi komxholo othi โImpindezelo ngoNcumo,โ laza labonisa umkhosi obhukuqayo โnjengokumgaqo-siseko ngokucokisekileyoโ yaye โosekelwe kumthetho kungekhona kumandla nje kuphela,โ okhokelwa โngabazimisele ngokuzolileyoโ Suharto, "nobuso bakhe obuphantse bumsulwa."
Kusoloko kukho isizathu fawning xa zidityaniswe nzima-nosed ubuntatheli ishishini kunye politik yokwenyani.
Ngubani oya kusixelela ngamagqabaza eNkulumbuso yaseOstreliya uHarold Holt, kutyelelo lwakhe e-US ngo-1966, โNge-500,000 ukuya kwisigidi samakomanisi avelana nawo, ndicinga ukuba kukhuselekile ukucinga ukuba uhlengahlengiso lwenzekileโ? Kwaye ngubani oya kukhumbula ingcebiso eya eWashington ngu ENew York Times ngoDisemba 1965 - njengoko ukubulawa kwabantu kwakuqhubeka - ukuba "kuya kuba kuhle ukukhuthaza Fund International Fund, entsha IBhanki yoPhuhliso yaseAsia kwaye, mhlawumbi, i-international consortium ukuba ikhokele." Emva konyaka, i Maxesha Iza kulandela kwaye icebise iWashington "ukuba igcine ukuma kokungathathi hlangothi. Kukho imfuno engxamisekileyo yemali mboleko enkulu yamazwe ngamazwe - mhlawumbi malunga nesiqingatha sebhiliyoni yeedola .... Kubalulekile ukuba iUnited States idlale indima efanelekileyo ukwakha iqumrhu loncedo lamazwe ngamazwe."
Kwiminyaka engamashumi amabini emva koko Economist yaseLondon yayiza kuchaza uSuharto โnjengentliziyo entleโ kwaye I-Christian Science Monitor angabiza uzwilakhe "yinkokeli ephakathi." Ngokubhekiselele kwimigqaliselo esemthethweni, babengekho kude kunophawu. UMargaret Thatcher wabiza uSuharto "ngomnye wabahlobo bethu ababalaseleyo nabaxabisekileyo," kwaye ngesizathu esihle. Ngabantu abazizigidi ezili-100 kunye neziqithi eziziikhilomitha ezingama-300 eziqulathe ezona zixhobo zityebileyo zendalo, utshilo uRichard Nixon ngo-1967, "i-Indonesia lelona bhaso likhulu kuMzantsi-Mpuma Asia."
Ixesha-Ubomi Corporation ngokwayo iququzelele "inkomfa engaqhelekanga" e-Geneva ngo-1967, eyathi, ngokutsho kombhali ophikisayo, uJohn Pilger, "wayila ukuthathwa kwenkampani yase-Indonesia." Wonke umntu wayelapho, ukusuka kwiinkampani ezinkulu zeoyile kunye neebhanki ukuya kwiifemu ezifana Motors General, American Express, yaye Goodyear.
"Sizama ukudala imozulu entsha," utshilo umongameli we Ixesha Inc., uJames Linen, xa wayevula indibano yaseGeneva, "apho amashishini abucala kunye namazwe asaphuhlayo asebenza kunye ... ukwenzela inzuzo enkulu yehlabathi elikhululekileyo. Eli hlabathi loshishino lwamazwe ngamazwe lingaphezulu koorhulumente ... Luthungelwano olungenamthungo lwamashishini, eye yabumba imekobume yehlabathi ngesantya soguquko. "
Intetho kaLinen yayinombono, ngokungathi yayiyi-manifesto ye-globalization yenkampani ekhutshwe kwi- Iforamu yaseDavos. Ngeenguqu ezimbalwa kwimihla, mhlawumbi kwakunjalo.
Ngosuku lwesibini lwendibano eGeneva, "uqoqosho lwase-Indonesia lwaqingqwa, icandelo ngecandelo," utshilo uJeffrey Winters, unjingalwazi weYunivesithi yaseNorthwestern yaseChicago owafunda amaphepha enkomfa yaseGeneva. Iphunyezwe nguSuharto, elona bhaso likhulu kuMzantsi-mpuma Asia โlahlulwa laba ngamacandelo amahlanu ahlukeneyo: imigodi neyezemali kwigumbi elinye, iinkonzo kwelinye, ishishini elikhanyayo kwelinye, ibhanki kunye nezezimali kwelinye; kwaye into eyenziwa nguChase Manhattan kukuhlala negqiza kunye neqela labathunywa. I-hammer ngaphandle kwemigaqo-nkqubo eza kwamkeleka kubo nakwabanye abatyali-zimali. ."
Kwakukho isivumelwano, kubaliswa kwakhona BBC Umnxibelelanisi waseMzantsi-mpuma Asia u-Roland Challis, owavumayo ukuba uye wasebenzisa ngokungazi njenge-hogwash esemthethweni yeendaba etyiswa kuye yi-Ofisi yaseBritane yezangaphandle. โKwakusemva kwexesha apho safumanisa ukuba i-ofisi yozakuzo yaseMelika yayinikezela ngamagama kwaye iwaphawula njengoko ayebulawaโฆ. Ekusekeni ulawulo lweSuharto, ukubandakanyeka kwe-IMF kunye neBhanki yehlabathi kwakuyinxalenye yalo. ; ngoku uSuharto uza kubabuyisa. #
AMANQAKU
1. Seth Mydans, "Iimbeko ezihlawulwe ekufeni kukaSuharto," ENew York TimesNgomhla wama-8 kuJanuwari ngo-2008.
2. Seth Mydans, "USuharto ubandezeleka ngakumbi," ENew York TimesNgomhla wesi-9 kuJanuwari ngo-2008.
3. Seth Mydans, "I-Indonesia ibukele njengoko i-suharto egulayo ibambelela ebomini," ENew York TimesNgomhla wesi-15 kuJanuwari ngo-2008.
4. Seth Mydans, "Amaxhoba kaSuharto akakakulungeli ukuxolela," I-International Herald TribuneNgomhla wesi-17 kuJanuwari ngo-2008.
5. Jonga i-Arhente yezobuNtlola, iCandelo lobuntlola, Ingxelo yobuntlola: Indonesia 1965, The Coup That Backfired, Langley, CIA, 1968, ecatshulwe kuJohn Pilger, Abalawuli Abatsha Behlabathi (Verso, London: 2002).
6. Jonga uJames Reston, "Washington: A Gleam of Light in Asia," ENew York Times, 19 Juni 1966, icatshulwe kwi Imibhalo esemazantsi ye: Ukuqonda Amandla: I-Chomsky eyimfuneko, ed. UPeter R. Mitchell noJohn Schoeffer (I-New Press, eNew York: 2002)
7. "Impindezelo ngoncumo," ixesha, kaJulayi 15, 1966, icatshulwe kwi Ukuqonda Amandla.
8. Yabona Economist (London), "Intsapho eyandisiweyo; Ootata ababini: uSukarno noSuharto," i-15 ka-Agasti 1987, kunye noJohn Murray Brown, "Ukuzisa u-Irian Jaya kwi-20th inkulungwane," I-Christian Science Monitor, 6 February 1987. Icatshulwe kwi-Understanding Power.
9. UJohn Pilger, Abalawuli Abatsha Behlabathi (Verso, London: 2002).
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