Nceda uncede uZnet
Umthombo: Amaphupha aqhelekileyo
Ifoto ngu-arindambanerjee/Shutterstock
Amaphulo okwahlulwa akhokelwa ngabafundi kwi Iiyunivesithi ezintlanu eziphezulu zase-US ngoLwesithathu zisebenzise iqhinga eliye labonakala lisebenza kwezinye izikolo ezimbalwa: Bafake izikhalazo zomthetho betyhola amaziko abo ngokwaphula umthetho ngokwenza utyalo-mali kwishishini le-fossil elonakalisa imozulu.
"Simemelela amagqwetha ethu jikelele ukuba anyanzelise izikolo zethu ukuba zenze into elungileyo kwaye zihlukane."
Ngoncedo oluvela kwiProjekthi yoKhuselo lweMozulu (CDP), abafundi e I-Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Princeton, EStanford, Vanderbilt, yaye Yale bafaka izikhalazo kumagqwetha asekuhlaleniโeMassachusetts, eNew Jersey, eKhalifoniya, eTennessee, naseConnecticut.
"Ngokufaka ezi zikhalazo, abafundi kunye nabangaphambili bala maziko bakwenza kucace ukuba iidyunivesithi zethu azinaxanduva lokuziphatha kuphela kodwa ziyimfuneko esemthethweni yokuqhawula amakhonkco ezezimali kunye neshishini leefosili kunye nezenzo zalo zokuxhaphaza," wathi UMiguel Moravec, onePh.D. umfundi eVanderbilt, kwingxelo. "Simemelela amagqwetha ethu jikelele ukuba anyanzelise izikolo zethu ukuba zenze into elungileyo kwaye zihlukane."
Abafundi-abaxhaswa ngabafundi, amaqela ekhampasi, izazinzulu zemozulu, amalungu oluntu, amagosa anyuliweyo, imibutho yokusingqongileyo, kunye neenjingalwazi-batyhola iiyunivesithi zabo ngokuphula umthetho we-Uniform Prudent Management of Institutional Funds Act (UPMIFA) . ngumthetho kuwo onke amazwe ngaphandle kwePennsylvania, kwiSithili saseColumbia, nakwiZiqithi zaseVirgin zase-US.
"Umthetho unokuba liqabane elinamandla ekulweni nokutshintsha kwemozulu, kodwa kuphela ukuba abantu banoxanduva lokuyilandela ngokwenene," watsho igqwetha labasebenzi be-CDP u-Alex Marquardt. โIiidyunivesiti zinoxanduva lokukhuthaza umdla woluntu ngokutshintshiselana ngewonga lazo lesisa lokungahlawuliswa irhafu, kwaye loo msebenzi awuhambelani notyalo-mali lwamafutha efosili.โ
Nangona uYale ebhengeze utshintsho oluthile lotyalo-mali kulo nyaka uphelileyo, abafundi bafuna ukususwa ngokupheleleyo kumafutha efosili. Njengomququzeleli wabafundi uMolly Weiner xelelwe IWashington Post: โNdilapha ndifunda umgaqo-nkqubo wendalo esingqongileyo, kodwa isikolo sam sinegalelo kwintlekele yemozuluโฆ Imbi kakhulu.โ
Izikhalazo zithi ukongeza ekutyesheleni imfuno ye-UPMIFA yokuba ii-nonprofits ezifana neeyunivesithi ekujoliswe kuzo zityala imali ngokuthathela ingqalelo โinjongo yazo yesisa,โ izikolo zikwaphule umsebenzi wazo wokhathalelo ngokutyala imali โkwizitokhwe zefosili eziyingozi ngokwemali, eziye zaqhuba kakubi. iminyaka yaye ngoku basemngciphekweni wokuhla kwexabiso ngokubanzi.โ
โImigangatho esemthethweni ekhokela indlela yokuziphatha eneneni icace gca, kodwa ayinyanzeliswanga,โ utshilo uTed Hamilton weCDP. "Sinethemba lokuba amagqwetha jikelele azakuthatha obu bungqina kwaye abambe abaphathi be-endowment ukuba baphendule xa befumana ingeniso kwishishini lokuziphatha kakubi."
Izikhalazo zabafundi zikwaqaqambisa ngakumbi ukungqubana kwemidla okunokubakho. Ukuqaphela ukuba "kuzo zonke izikolo zethu ezihlanu, iikhansili zethu, amalungu ebhodi, abaphathiswa, ifakhalthi, kunye nabanikela ngemali babotshelelwe kwishishini leefosili," umfundi waseYale u-Avery Long uthe "ayamkelekanga into yokuba abathathi-zigqibo bethu benze inzuzo kwimozulu. intshabalalo.โ
Iifayile ezintsha zilandela inkqubo-sikhokelo ngaphambili ezisetyenzisiweyo ngamaphulo okwahlukana kwiKholeji yaseBoston, eCornell, eHarvard, eJohns Hopkins, eMarquette, nakwiYunivesithi yaseNew Mexico. Ukulandela izenzo zabakhankasi, bobabini uCornell noHarvard bazibophelele ekugxothweni kumafutha efosili.
Abaququzeleli bezikolo ezitsha ezihlanuโbexakwe yindlela abaphathi abasabela ngayo kwiimfuno zaboโbanethemba lokuba le nkqubo iya kubasebenzela.
Ngalo lonke ixesha sibabuza malunga nokuchithwa kwe-fossil, babuyela kwezinye izinto abazenzayo ukwenza ukuba ikhampasi ibe luhlaza ngakumbi, njenge-carbon offsets, kodwa bayasilela ukujongana nokuchithwa kokwenyani," umfundi waseVanderbilt u-Aaditi Lele. xelelwe Guardian. "Ininzi into abayenzayo kukuhlamba luhlaza ngokukhankanya ezinye izenzo kwaye basebenzise oko njengesizathu sokwenza ngathi kwanele."
U-Anna Liebowitz ophumelele isidanga sasePrinceton uthe "phambi kobunzima bemeko yemozulu, sijonge amandla kunye notshintsho esinokufikelela kulo."
โIiyunivesithi zethu ziphakathi kwezona zikolo zifumileyo nezidumileyo ehlabathini kwimfundo ephakamileyo, notyalo-mali lwazo kwishishini leefosiliโishishini elizenzo zalo libeka impilo nekamva labafundi nesijikelezi-langa sisonke emngciphekweniโnto leyo ebonisa ukuba zibandakanyeke nje ekwenzeni izinto. ingxaki yemozulu,โ uqhubeke watsho. โKe ngoko, amaphulo ethu ayahlangana kwaye ngokudibeneyo sifuna ukuba kupheliswe utyalo-mali lwe-fossil kwimfundo ephakamileyo nakwihlabathi ngokubanzi.โ
Izibonelelo zezikolo ezihlanu ngokudibeneyo zimele ngaphezu kwe-155 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi kwii-asethi eziphantsi kolawulo. Echaza ukuba "kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo, amaziko ayi-1,485 azibophelele esidlangalaleni kubuncinci uhlobo oluthile lokuchithwa kwepetroli, emele i-39.2 yezigidi zezigidi ze-asethi eziphantsi kolawulo," umfundi we-MIT u-Ellie Rabenold uthe "lixesha" lokulandela ukukhokela kwabo.
Kunye nefayile entsha, abakhankasi babafundi eMIT baqalise ukuhlala ngoLwesithathu. UJess Cohen, osemncinci othatha inxaxheba kumboniso, uxelele Iindoda eziqhelekileyo ukuba "I-MIT Divest ihleli ngokuqala namhlanje ngaphandle kwe-ofisi kamongameli wethu ekhalazela ukungasebenzi kweMIT kwimozulu."
"Amalungu e-MIT Divest afake isikhalazo esisemthethweni ngokuchasene nesikolo sethu kuba sicinga ukuba iMIT ifanelwe ngcono kunokuba ihlale ihambelana nabadlali benkolo ababi," wongeze watsho uCohen. "Amaxesha ngamaxesha, iMIT ithe bakhetha ukubandakanya kwaye basebenzise oko njengesizathu sokuxolela iinkampani zamafutha ezilwanyana kunye nezenzo zabo. Lixesha elidlulileyo lokuba abaphathi bethu bavuke kwaye bathathe uxanduva. โ
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa ngemali kuphela ngesisa sabafundi bayo.
Nikela