Unobhala kaNondyebo uSteven Mnuchin akafiki ncam njengomntu onokumfuna kwikona yakho kumdlalo wokudlala. Kulawulo lukaTrump, ufana nomntwana ozama ukukholisa umntu oxhaphaza isikolo. Oko, ubuncinci, yindima ebonakala ngathi uyithathile kwi-Trump White House. Xa engajikelezi ngeCawe ebonisa ukumemela umongameli, uhlala edlala umntu ozimiseleyo wemigaqo-nkqubo yerhafu eqinisekisiweyo. kwandisa ukungalingani eMelika kunye nomthetho oya kuthi ukususa malunga naluphi na ukhuseleko lwabathengi ngokuchasene neWall Street.
UMnuchin, owayesakuba liqabane laseGoldman Sachs, wafika eWashington enegama elahlukileyo. Emuva ngo-2009, wayeqokelele inqwaba yabaxhasi bezimali ukuba bathathe ibhanki yase-IndyMac yaseCalifornia, yavalwa phakathi kwengxaki yokuvalwa kwe-2008 yiFederal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC). Kuthengwe nge-$13.9 billion (kodwa kuphela $ 1.3 billion ngemali yokwenyani), u-Mnuchin wayijika yaba ngumatshini wokwenyani wokuvalwa, kwinkqubo yokutywina ikamva lakhe xa kufikwa kudumo lwakhe lwexesha elizayo. Ngelo xesha, akazange abonakale exhalabile ngokuvunywa koluntu. Enye into exabiseke ngakumbi yayisemngciphekweni: i-200 yezigidi zeedola, ngoku ka Iindaba zeBloomberg, waziphendulela ngokwakhe, ngenxa yesivumelwano.
Akukho nhlanhla enjalo, ngokuqinisekileyo, kubaboleki abaqhelekileyo bebhanki. Ngexesha lolawulo lukaMnuchin, i-IndyMac yenze ngaphezulu 36,000 ukuvalwa, ukujula abaninimzi bangaphambili (kubandakanywa nabasebenzayo umsebenzi womkhosi amagosa nabafazi) esitalatweni ngaphandle kokuthandabuza okanye imfesane nangayiphi na indlela eyimfuneko. Ngokwememo efunyenwe yintatheli ephandayo UDavid Dayen, OneWest, igama elitsha elithi Mnuchin nelakhe ukuba ngusozigidigidi eyenzelwe i-Indybank, apho uMnuchin wayeyiyo ngoku CEO nosihlalo, โbakhuphela ngaphandle abanini-zindlu abangendawo emakhayeni abo ngokwaphula isaziso nemithetho yexesha lokulinda, amaxwebhu aziintloko abhalwe umva ngokungekho mthethweni, kunye neefandesi zokuthinjwa kwezinto ezazidlalwa ngokungekho mthethweni.โ
Ngoku, Mnuchin uhlala ekrakra kwaye ekhathazekile kukuba akakwazi ukukhaba udumo awayenalo ngezo ntsuku. Njengoko uxelele iKomiti yezeMali yeeNkonzo zeNdlu kwiNgqungquthela kule nyanga kaJulayi, "Ndimkhubekisa kakhulu nabani na ondibiza ngokuba yinkosi yokuvalwa." Umsindo onjalo unokuvakala ukuba, ngoMeyi, enye yeeyunithi zebhanki zikaMnuchin, inkampani ebizwa ngokuba yiFinancial Freedom, ayizange wavuma ukuhlawula ngaphezulu kwe-89 yezigidi zeerandi zokuhlala kurhulumente ngokuthatha inzuzo engafanelekanga mawaka yabadala ngokusebenzisa ukubuyisela umva imali yokubambisa eziguqula i-equity kwikhaya ibe yimali-mboleko. (Kwiinyanga ezimbalwa kamva, ngo-Agasti, iqela labagadi, Iphulo lokuphendula, ndibiziwe iSebe lezoBulungisa liphanda u-Mnuchin ngesityholo sokwenza iingxelo zobuxoki phantsi kwesifungo kwiCongress malunga nezenzo zakhe e-OneWest phakathi kwe-2009 kunye ne-2015.)
NjengoDonald Trump, uMnuchin yindoda ezimisele ukwenza isityebi ngakumbi kunye nesihogo kunye nabo bonke abanye abantu. Uhlala ehambisa i-ego kaTrump, nokuba ithini na ingqumbo yakhe, yena amajoni - kwaye kumxholo weTrump White House ngempumelelo ngokwenene. Ngapha koko, olu lawulo luye ilahlekile ngo-14 abantu abaphambili ngaphantsi konyaka, kubandakanywa nomlawuli we-FBI, umcebisi wezokhuseleko lwelizwe, umphathi we-White House wabasebenzi, kunye nomlawuli wezonxibelelwano ze-White House. Kuyo yonke le nto, u-Mnuchin uye wahlala endaweni, omnye wamalungu ambalwa eqela likaDonald lokuqala elinganxulumananga negazi okanye umtshato obonakala ngathi uyaphumelela. (Ngokuqinisekileyo, yena kunye nomongameli badityanisiwe kwinto eyayibizwa ngokuba yi-CNN "amandla oshishino"Kwanangaphambi kokuba abe ngumlawuli wezemali we-Trump ngoMeyi 2016.)
Hamilton, Trump, kunye ne-Playbill yezoQoqosho
Kukho imbali yoonobhala bakaNondyebo abanobudlelwane obukhethekileyo noomongameli ababuyela emva ekusekweni kweRiphabhlikhi. UAlexander Hamilton, owokuqala kubo, wayenentembelo epheleleyo kumongameli wokuqala, uGeorge Washington. Ngoncedo olunjalo, waseka iirhafu zomanyano kwaye weza nezicwangciso zokwenyani phuhliso lo qoqosho. Wayeqonda ukuba iirhafu zomdibaniso zibalulekile ekwakheni iMelika. Ngokwahlukileyo, u-Mnuchin ucinga ukuba i-stock market iyona mlamli wezempilo yezoqoqosho kwaye ibonakala iqwalasela irhafu ngaphandle kokumelwa (yizityebi) umyalelo wosuku.
Ukusukela oko uMnuchin ephethe esinye sezona zikhundla zinempembelelo kwezoqoqosho emhlabeni, uye watshintsha ngokuphawulekayo kwinto enye: ukuqinisekisa ukuba uboleka uncedo kwihlabathi lezemali ezinkulu, indalo yakhe yangaphambili. Ngokomzekelo, uye watyhala ngamandla ukuze afumane okungakumbi ukuyekiswa kolawulo lwebhanki ngokubanga ukuba kuya kunceda iibhanki ezincinci. Musa ukukholelwa okomzuzwana. Ukudelela kwakhe ukwenza kwakhona uMthetho we-Glass-Steagall, owakha wenza ukudityaniswa kwemisebenzi yebhanki yorhwebo notyalo-mali ngokungekho mthethweni waze ke wacutha iwonga elikhulu kakhulu lokungaphumeleli kwezona bhanki zinkulu, ikuxelela konke okufuneka ukwazi. Ibonisa ukucinga kwakhe kwangempela xa kuziwa kwiibhanki kunye nokuzinza koqoqosho. Umfuziselo woku ibe yindlela awayilawula ngayo IBhunga elijongene noZinzo lwezeMali ukuba abe ngusihlalo wokunika i-AIG, inkampani yeinshurensi engundoqo wokudodobala kwezemali ngo-2008, isango lokubuyela ekuveleni kususa ileyibhile yayo-inkulu kakhulu-ukungaphumeleli.
Ungqineke enobuchule bokwenza mfiliba imigca phakathi komgaqo osebenzayo webhanki onokuthi ubandakanyeke kunye nendlela anokuthi ayenze ngayo i-wordsmith ngaphandle kokuyityhala. NgoMeyi, ndiyangqina phambi kweKomiti yeeBhanki zeSenethi, umzekelo, waphawula ukuba โasikuxhasi [ukwahlulwa] kweebhanki neebhanki zotyalo-mali.โ Xa uSenator uElizabeth Warren ikhonjwe ngaphandle ukuba esi yayingesosikhundla uDonald Trump kunye neqela lakhe ababesithathile ngexesha lephulo lika-2016 (okanye i iqonga Republican, eyayibize ngokucacileyo ukuba kubuyiselwe uMthetho we-Glass-Steagall we-1933), wakhawuleza. waffled: โThina, ngexesha lephuloโฆ ngokukodwa saphuma saza sathi siyayixhasa i-Glass-Steagall yenkulungwane yamashumi amabini ananyeโฆ Oko kuthetha ukuba kukho imiba yayo esicinga ukuba iyavakala, kodwa asizange sitsho ngaphambili ukuba sixhasa ngokupheleleyo. ukwahlukana kweebhanki kunye neebhanki zotyalo-mali.โ
NgoJuni, nini cinezelwa kulo mba nguSenator Bernie Sanders, unobhala kaNondyebo ba phi kisana ukuba uTrump wayengenalo uxanduva lolwimi kwiqonga leqela laseRiphabhlikhi kwaye wahlala echasene nokuqhekeza iibhanki ezinkulu. Wongeze wathi, โSicinga ukuba loo nto ingalimaza uqoqosho, oko kuya konakalisa uqoqosho lwemalike. Eyona nto sigxile kuyo lukhuseleko nolawulo olunobulumko kwiibhanki ezinkulu ukuze singabinawo umngcipheko womrhafi. โ
Ngamanye amazwi, le yindoda enengqiqo yokwenene yethuba elifakwe kulo mzuzu - kwiibhanki ezinkulu kunye nee-CEO zabo ukwenza isixa semali - kodwa akukho ngqiqo ifanelekileyo yeengozi ezibandakanyekayo okanye ukwesaba ikamva kwikamva. apho yena kunye nomongameli wakhe banokuzifumana bekhupha iibhanki ezinjalo, ngo-2008-style.
Izifundo ezingafundwanga? Ukuba ayilulo ulawulo lukaTrump, yintoni?
Ukugrogrisa iMarike
UMnuchin unokuba nolwazi oluncinci malunga nokuba yintoni umngcipheko wokwenyani, kodwa usenokwenza izoyikiso ngayo. Ngo-Oktobha udliwanondlebe kunye Imali yePolitiko, wabiza i-rally ye-postelection ye-stock market ngokulindelekileyo ukuba iCongress iya kudlula i-bill "reform" yerhafu enkulu. Ukuba eli tyala alidluli, walumkisa, iimarike ziya kubandezeleka kakhulu - kwaye wonke umntu uya kuba njalo.
Ukuvela kwi-alum yaseGoldman Sachs, bekufanele ukuba ikhale iintsimbi ezimbalwa. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, ekwindla ka-2008, kunye nokufakwa kwetanki kwintengiso yemasheya kunye neebhanki, uNobhala kaNondyebo ngelo xesha kunye nowayesakuba yi-CEO yeGoldman Sachs uHank Paulson wathatha indawo efanayo kunye noSomlomo weNdlu uNancy Pelosi. Emva kokukhatywa kwebheyile yebhanki kwiibhiliyoni ezingama-700 zeerandi ethe yathumela iimarike emsileni, walumkisa ngelithi, ukuba akaphumeleli, iibhanki ezinkulu ziyakuyeka ukunika imali kuluntu lwaseMelika. Ngokuqinisekileyo, iCongress yathobela. Nge 91 Republicans ukujoyina 172 Democrats, umthetho oyilwayo wapasiswa ngevoti 263 ukuya 171.
Kwiminyaka elithoba kunye nentaphane yenkxaso yebhanki enkulu kamva, uMnuchin wadibanisa amanqanaba emarike kunye nomthetho ngendlela eyoyikisayo efanayo. Njengoko watshoyo Politico, "Akukho mathandabuzo ukuba i-rally kwi-stock market iye yabhaka kuyo ngokulindelekileyo okulindelweyo ukuba sifumane ukucuthwa kwerhafu kunye nohlaziyo lwerhafu olwenziwe." Wongeze ngelithi, "Ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba esifumana ngalo isivumelwano serhafu, imarike yesitokhwe iya kunyukela phezulu." Kodwa ngaloo nto, ewe, isilumkiso: "Akukho mathandabuzo engqondweni yam ukuba ukuba asiyenzi uya kubona ukuguqulwa kwesixa esikhulu sezi nzuzo."
Kwaye sithetha ngokuguqulwa, "uMthetho kaMnuchin," njengoko wawubizwa ngokuba ku NgoJanuwari, i-2017, yagxininisa isikhundla solawulo sikaTrump sokuba izityebi akufuneki zincitshiswe irhafu. Ngo-Okthobha, nangona kunjalo, uMnuchin waye watshintsha ulawulo lwakhe. "Xa unciphisa irhafu kwibhodi yonke," yena wachaza ukuba Politico, โKunzima kakhulu ukunganciphisi irhafu kwizityebi ngokucuthwa kwerhafu kwabakumgangatho ophakathi. Izibalo, xa kujongwa ukuba yimalini na oyiqokelelayo, kunzima ukwenza.โ
Ngokwenyani, izibalo akukho nzima ukwenza konke konke. Umtshana wam oneminyaka esibhozo ubudala wayekwazi ukuyenza. Ukuba wenza ngaphezulu kwesixa esithile, amaxabiso akho erhafu akufuneki athotywe. Yimathematika kuphela enengqiqo. Kodwa kumhlaba wobuqhetseba berhafu, nokuba ushiya irhafu ephezulu yerhafu njengoko injalo, usenokuqinisekisa ukuba izityebi zifumana zonke ikhefu ngezinye iindlela.
Ngomhla we-2 kaNovemba, amaRiphabhlikhi ekugqibeleni akhuphe "Ukucuthwa kweRhafu kunye noMthetho weMisebenzi,โ ebiqulathe izibetho ezitsha kwintlalontle yodidi oluphakathi, kuquka nokupheliswa kokutsalwa kwemali kwiindleko zonyango, inzala yemali-mboleko yabafundi, kunye neerhafu zikarhulumente nezengingqi. Kumashishini, esele inekheshi, isicwangciso sifuna ukubaluleka, asithethi ngokumangalisayo, ikhefu lerhafu. Izinga labo lerhafu liya kucuthwa ukusuka kwi-35% ukuya kwi-20%.
Kwaye ungalibali ukurhoxisa irhafu yendawo, enye inzuzo yakudala "yenginginya." Bala kwinto enye: akusayi kubakho kuguqulwa kuMnuchin okanye kuTrump ngenxa yokuba izibalo azinakucaca ngakumbi. Ngabantu abazizityebi kakhulu kuphela abanemihlaba emikhulu ngokwaneleyo ukuba bavune umvuzo kutshintsho olunjalo. Kwinkomfa ye-Institute for International Finance, kwanoMnuchin kwafuneka avume ukuba oku kwakuyingenelo kwizityebi, kwizityebi, nakwizityebi: โNgokucacileyo, irhafu yezindlu, ndiya kuyivuma, ibanceda ngendlela engafanelekanga abantu abazizityebi.โ Inene, iindlalifa kwimihlaba ye ngaphantsi kwe Umntu om-1 kwabangama-500 baseMelika abafayo nyaka ngamnye uya kuzuza nangayiphi na indlela ekurhoxisweni okunjalo, nangona abantwana okanye ezinye izalamane 13 kumalungu angama-24 ekhabhinethi kaDonald Trump kunye nomongameli ngokwakhe isikhwama ikhefu irhafu edibeneyo yezindlu malunga $ 1.5 billion.
Nangona kunjalo, ungacingi ukuba yonke into iza ngobuhle kunobhala wethu wamva nje weNondyebo. IWall Street ngoku inokuba ngukumkani eWashington, kodwa u-Mnuchin akanguye (nangona eyinkosana ngokucacileyo kwindoda enye ebaluleke ngokwenene ngoku, uDonald Trump). Kwiinzame zakhe zokukhuthaza umbono weTrump (nokuba yintoni na), unobhala kaNondyebo ubonakala esiza mfutshane ngokucacileyo, nokuba kunye namaRiphabhlikhi kwiCongress abachaze indlela yakhe yokwenza umthetho ngokwemiqathango ukusuka โnga phu"Ukuba"ukuthuka ngokwengqondo. "
UDonald Trump, ewe, ukhankase njengomgqatswa ochasene nokusekwa oya kunika isandla kubantu abaqhelekileyo, akhuphe umgxobhozo waseWashington, kwaye abe nemiqolo yethu. Wandula ke ngoko nangoko waqalisa ukugcwalisa ulawulo lwakhe, ingakumbi xa kufikwa kuqoqosho, kunye nezityebi, amanani aqinisekisiweyo ukukhuthaza ukuchithwa kwayo nayiphi na imimiselo epholileyo eseleyo ukukhusela abemi kwintlekele yezoqoqosho ngelixa betyebisa isiqhelo .01%.
UMnuchin kusafuneka enze into elula kwaye ebonakala ngathi ithe ngqo njengokuthumela inkcazo epheleleyo yesicwangciso serhafu ayiplaga ngamandla Iphepha lewebhu leSebe lezeMali. Nangona kude kube nge-2 kaNovemba yahlala iyi-chimera, loo nto ayizange imthintele ekungxameni ekuzikhuseleni - ukhuselo, oko kukuthi, ukunika abantu abazizityebi ngokugqithisileyo imali yabo. Wamkelekile kwipolitiki yaseMelika yenkulungwane yamashumi amabini ananye ye.01%.
Ngeli xesha, uMnuchin uye waqaphela ukuba u fan enkulu yebhayografi, nangona ucwangciso lwakhe lungavumeli ixesha elininzi โukufunda okumnandi.โ Xa ebuzwa ngo-Alexander Hamilton, wathi, โNdinomzobo wakhe omhle eofisini yam. Undijongile yonke imihla kwaye ndijonge kuye ukuze afumane iingcebiso ezintle. โ
Kodwa uHamilton waqonda ukuba, ngaphandle kwerhafu eyaneleyo, awukwazi ukuqhuba ilizwe, okanye uhlawule amatyala alo, isimo esazisa indlela aphumeze ngayo iirhafu zomdibaniso kwisizwe esitsha. Njengoko yena wathi ngowe-1801, โNgokuphathelele iirhafu, ngokucacileyo azinakwahlulwa kurhulumente. Akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kwawo ukuhlawula amatyala esizwe, ukulikhusela kwiingozi zamazwe angaphandle, okanye ukukhusela abantu kugonyamelo oluchasene nomthetho nokudlwengulwa.โ Kwakhona wayekholelwa ukuba abo banemali eninzi bafanele bahlawule irhafu engakumbi. Ngokomzekelo, isicwangciso sakhe serhafu sasifuna ukurhafiswa kwizinto zodidi oluphezulu, iindawo ezihlala izinhanha.
Lo rhulumente, enyanisweni, ufumene ngaphezu kwe $ 2.96 trillion kwingeniso yerhafu iyonke ukuza kuthi ga ngoku kwiinyanga ezili-11 zokuqala zonyaka-mali wama-2017. Elo nani liza nentsilelo yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali $ 673.7 billion, nto leyo ethetha ukuba ukuba izityebi okanye iinkampani beziyeka ukuhlawula iirhafu ezahlukahlukeneyo (ubuncinane ngokwemilinganiselo ekhoyo ngoku), kusafuneka imali iphume ndaweni ithile. Ukuqala ukuvala ukusilela, abo bazizityebi kancinci kuya kufuneka bahlawule ngakumbi ngendlela ethile, njengoko kuya kuba njalo nakwizixeko, kwaye ukucuthwa kwenkcitho yentlalo ngokungathandabuzekiyo kuya kulandela njengoko ubusuku busenza imini.
Unobhala weNondyebo oPhakamileyo ugubungela umqolo kaTrump
UMnuchin ngokwakhe uyayazi imeko evuthiweyo xa eyibona, kurhulumente okanye ngaphandle. Ngokomzekelo, cinga ngobuchule bakhe bokusebenzisa iinqwelo-moya zomkhosi kuhambo lwakhe lobuqu, kushishino lukarhulumente nokuzonwabisa. Ezi nqwelomoya ziye zatyhala imida yesigwebo, ukuba asingomthetho. Ngokuka a umbiko ukusuka kwi-Rich Delmar, igqwetha kumhloli jikelele weSebe lezeMali, uMnuchin uthathe inqwelomoya yomkhosi kangangezihlandlo ezisixhenxe ngaphandle kokufumana isigunyaziso esifanelekileyo, etsiba inkqubo โengqongqoโ yokuvunywa kwangaphambili esekwe ukunqanda ukusetyenziswa ngokungafanelekanga kwezi zixhobo zixabisa kakhulu. Kwaye nangona wasirhoxisa isicelo sokuthatha inkosikazi yakhe kwihoneymoon yabo baye eYurophu kwihlobo ephelileyo ngenqwelomoya yasemkhosini, uyenzile. ukusebenzisa Ijethi yoMkhosi woMoya ukuba ibhabhe ukuya eKentucky kunye naye ukuya kubukela ukusithwa kwelanga yinyanga kwaye - wongeze ngononophelo - ku "hlaziya igolideโ eFort Knox. Ngokungafaniyo noNobhala weeNkonzo zezeMpilo kunye noLuntu u-Tom Price ogama lakhe lenqwelomoya likarhulumente lamxabisa umsebenzi wakhe, iFort Knox yagubungela umnyama welanga kuMnuchin.
Wachaza uhambo ngalunye ngokuthi โUmsebenzi wenkxaso we-White House,โ evakala imangalisa kwaye iludidi olugcinelwe iimeko apho iinqwelomoya zorhwebo zingafumanekiyo okanye kukho ukhuseleko lwelizwe okanye olunye unxunguphalo. Ndajonga, nangona kunjalo. Kukho iinqwelomoya ezininzi zeedola ezingama-200 ezisuka eWashington zisiya eKentucky, ezingaphezulu kwe-10,000 yeedola ngeyure. Pentagon iintlawulo njengeendleko zenqwelomoya ezisemthethweni xa iinqwelomoya zayo zisetyenziswa ngolu hlobo.
Ukongeza kwezo nqwelomoya, uMnuchin ebebhabha phezulu njengohlobo lwesibini Kellyanne Conway kuzo zonke iintlobo zezihloko ezingezizo ezeNdyebo ezigrogrisa ukufihla umphathi wakhe. UTrump uzibandakanye kwimfazwe ekrakra yamagama nabadlali beNational Soccer League ethatha idolo phezu ubuhlanga, Mnuchin wabona ithuba kwaye inqanawa ngeCawe intetho-umboniso wesiphaluka ukuhlasela abadlali. Usebenzise iqonga lakhe ukunyanzelisa ukuba โbathethe ngokukhululekileyo ngexesha laboโ โ โngaphandle kwebala,โ hayi kuyo.
Malunga neveki kamva, waphendula kwi-flak ngenxa yokusilela kukamongameli kwenkxaso yokuchacha kwePuerto Rican emva kokuba iNkanyamba uMaria yatshabalalisa eso siqithi. Ukukhusela umphathi wakhe kunye neetweets zakhe kwenye isekethe yaloo miboniso yeentetho, waphinda kabini kwizigxeko ze-White House zikaSodolophu waseSan Juan uCarmen Yulin Cruz. โXa umongameli ehlaselwa, uphinda ahlasele,โ utshilo xelelwe Chuck Todd kwi-NBC's Ukudibanisa i-Press, wongeza ngelithi, "Ndicinga ukuba amagqabantshintshi kasodolophu ebengafanelekanga xa kujongwa into eyenziwe ngurhulumente."
Ngelixa intloko yeSebe lezeMali ingelilo igosa elinyuliweyo, amazwi akhe anobunzima obukhulu - kwaye, emva kwayo yonke loo nto, ungowesihlanu kuluhlu lokulandelelana kumongameli. Ixabiso, ukuqonda, kunye nokuthembeka kweSebe likaNondyebo kuchaphazela uqoqosho, iimarike, abatyali-mali kunye nokuzithemba kwihlabathi jikelele.
Umgxobhozo nje
Yibize ngokuxoka, ukulahlekisa, ukuphaphazela, okanye ukucela โamalungeloโ ilungelo, kodwa uMnuchin sele eqokelele ikhathalogu yeengxelo ezithandabuzekayo kumsebenzi wakhe omfutshane kwiofisi kawonke-wonke kwaye, ngelixa ebekuyo, uye wenza. Imali eyongezelelweyo endleleni: ubuncinci i-15 yezigidi zeedola kwaye kunokwenzeka ukuba ibe yi-53 yezigidi zeedola, iingxelo Fortune, ukusuka "kwimidla yolonwabo kunye nezindlu nezindlu azithengisileyo ukuze athobele imithetho yongquzulwano lweminqweno."
Kuye, ngokubhekiselele kumphathi wakhe, nantoni na into ethethayo, umgca ophantsi kunye nokunyaniseka kwabo kuhlala kulula kwaye kucacile: akusiyo kwiklasi ephakathi; kudidi lwabo, isiqingatha sebhiliyoni nangaphezulu.
U-Alexander Hamilton wayengumntu ongaqhelekanga kubutyebi, kodwa wayeqonda ukuba ubutyebi besizwe kufuneka kwabelwane ngokulinganayo. Wazama ukusebenzisa iofisi yakhe njengembumba yesizwe kunye nendawo yokulungelelanisa iinzame zokuhlawula amatyala kwiMfazwe yeNguquko. Imfundiso kaMnuchin yenye yokubuyela kwihlabathi lemithetho embalwa yeWall Street kunye neerhafu ezimbalwa kwiinkampani kunye nezityebi, nto leyo, ekuguquleleni, ithetha umngcipheko omkhulu kunye neendleko kuthi sonke nakwilizwe lonke. Ngelixa uMongameli uTrump engenguye kanye umntu ongenakukwazi ukuthetha-a-indlalifa yesiko laseWashington, unobhala wakhe kaNondyebo, ukumkani wokuvalwa kweMelika, akanguye u-Alexander Hamilton ngokucacileyo.
Nomi Prins, a TomDispatch njalo, ngumbhali weencwadi ezintandathu. Eyakhe yamva nje Bonke ooMongameli beeBhanki: Iimanyano ezifihlakeleyo eziqhuba amandla aseMelika (Iincwadi zeSizwe). Ungumphathi wangaphambili waseWall Street. Umbulelo okhethekileyo uya kumphandi uCraig Wilson ngomsebenzi wakhe obalaseleyo kwesi siqwenga.
Eli nqaku lavela okokuqala kwi-TomDispatch.com, iblogi yeSizwe yeZiko, ebonelela ngokuhamba ngokuqhubekayo kweminye imithombo, iindaba, kunye noluvo oluvela kuTom Engelhardt, umhleli wexesha elide ekupapasheni, umseki weProjekthi yoBukhosi baseMelika, umbhali we Ukuphela kweNkcubeko yokuNqoba, njengenoveli, Iintsuku Zokugqibela Zopapasho. Incwadi yakhe yamva nje ngu Urhulumente we-Shadow: Uqwalaselo, iMikhosi eyimfihlo, kunye ne-State Security State kwilizwe eliMandla oLodwa (Iincwadi zeHaymarket).
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa ngemali kuphela ngesisa sabafundi bayo.
Nikela