UBill Moyers uhlanganise ividiyo emangalisayo yemizuzu engama-90 ebhala ubuxoki abathi abalawuli bakaBush bathengise iMfazwe yase-Iraq kuluntu lwaseMelika, kugxilwe ngokukodwa kwindlela abeendaba abakhokele ngayo ityala. Ndiyibukele ikopi yangaphambili ndaza ndafunda okushicilelweyo, kwaye eyona nto ibalulekileyo endinokuyithetha ngayo kukuba: Bukela i-PBS ukusuka ngo-9 ukuya ngo-10:30 ebusuku ngoLwesithathu, ngo-Epreli 25. Ukuchitha loo mizuzu engama-90 koku kuya kukusindisa. ixesha, kuba awusokuze ubukele iindaba zikamabonakude kwakhona รขโฌโ nditsho nakwi-PBS, eza nesabelo sayo sokugxeka.
Ngelixa uninzi lweepundits, singasathethi ke ngoomongameli, bekhangeleka beziziyatha okanye benganyanisekanga kwiziqeshana ezineminyaka emine ubudala ezibandakanyiweyo โUkuthenga iMfazwe,โ kunzima ukuthabatha naluphi na ulonwabo olukhohlakeleyo lokubanika ingxelo, kwaye kungekhona nje ngenxa yokuba ukubulawa nokufa kwabo baququzelela kuqhubeka, kodwa nangenxa yento evezwa yile vidiyo malunga neengqondo zamalungu eendaba ze-DC. U-Moyers udliwano-ndlebe nabantu beendaba, kuquka uDan Kunoko, ngokucacileyo bobabini baqonda ukuba yintoni ephosakeleyo eyenziwa ngamajelo eendaba kwaye abakwazi ukuyibona ngokwenene njengento ephosakeleyo okanye ephephekayo.
Kuhle ukubona ijelo leendaba laseMelika libalisa eli bali kakuhle, kodwa likhokelela ekubeni umntu abuze: Iza kuxela nini iCongress? Ngelixa iiDemokhrasi zazimbalwa, zakhalazela iingxoxo kunye nophando, zatyhala iziGqibo zoPhando kwi-White House Iraq Group kunye ne-Downing Street Minutes. Ngoku, kuninzi, baye bathula kakhulu. Eyona nto ibalaseleyo yiNzame yeKomiti yeNkundla yokubuza uCondoleezza Rice kwiveki ezayo malunga namaxwebhu omgunyathi eNiger.
Kodwa oko kuphuma ekubukeleni lo mboniso kukuqonda okunamandla ukuba akukho phando olufunekayo yiCongress, njengokuba kungekho lwazi olufihliweyo olufunekayo ukuze abeendaba bafumane ibali ngqo kwindawo yokuqala. Amabango enziwe yi-White House yayingezompazamo ezinyanisekileyo. Kodwa nazo zazingeyiyo inkohliso. Yayibubuxoki obungenamsebenzi obusekuhleni nobuhlekisayo. Kwaye yayingamatyala aphezulu kunye nezenzo ezimbi.
Inkqubo ivula ngevidiyo kaMongameli Bush esithi รขโฌลI-Iraq yinxalenye yemfazwe yobugrogrisi. Lilizwe eliqeqesha abanqolobi, lilizwe elinako ukuxhobisa abanqolobi. USaddam Hussein kunye nezixhobo zakhe zisisoyikiso esithe ngqo kweli lizwe.รข
Ngaba oko kwakukholelwa okanye ngaba amajelo eendaba adlala kunye? Ukudubula okulandelayo yeyenkomfa yoonondaba apho uBush ebhengeza ukuba uneskripthi esimxelela ukuba zeziphi iintatheli emazibize ngoluphi ulandelelwano. Nangona kunjalo abacholacholi beendaba badlala kunye, bephakamisa izandla zabo emva kwenkcazo nganye, besenza ngathi banokubizwa nangona iskripthi.
Ividiyo ibonisa uRichard Perle ebanga ukuba uSaddam Hussein usebenze ne-al Qaeda kwaye i-Iraqis yayiza kubulisa abahlali baseMelika njengabakhululi. Nantsi iMigangatho yeVeki, iWall Street Journal, uWilliam Safire kwiNew York Times, uCharles Krauthammer kunye noJim Hoagland eWashington Post bonke bafuna ukubhukuqwa kukarhulumente wase-Iraq. UGeorge Will ubonwa esithi u-Hussein "une-anthrax, uyazithanda izixhobo zebhayoloji, uneenkampu zoqeqesho lwabanqolobi, kuquka ne-747."
Kodwa ngaba oko kwakusengqiqweni? UBob Simon we-รขโฌล60 Minutesรขโฌ uxelela uMoyers ukuba akayithengi. Uthi wawubona umbono wonxibelelwano phakathi kukaHussein kunye ne-al Qaeda njengento engekho ngqiqweni: รขโฌลUSaddam, njengoozwilakhe abaninzi, yayilulawulo olupheleleyo. Wayefuna ulawulo olupheleleyo kulawulo lwakhe. Ulawulo olupheleleyo lwelizwe. Kwaye ukwazisa ikhadi lasendle njenge-al Qaeda nangayiphi na indlela yayiyinto nje awayengayi kuyenza. Ngoko andizange ndiyikholelwe okomzuzwana.รข
Umphathi we-Knight Ridder Bureau uJohn Walcott naye akazange ayithenge. Wabela uWarren Strobel kunye noJonathan Landay ukuba benze ingxelo, kwaye bafumanisa ukuba amabango kaBush abonakala ebubuxoki. Ngokomzekelo, xa i-Iraqi National Congress (INC) isondla i-New York Times - uJudith Miller ibali nge-Iraqi defector ebanga ukuba uHussein wayenezixhobo zemichiza kunye nezixhobo zebhayoloji phantsi kwendlu yakhe, uLanday waqaphela ukuba umthombo yiKurd, eyenza kwakungenakwenzeka ukuba afunde iimfihlelo ezinjalo. Kodwa uLanday waqaphela ukuba kwakungekho ngqiqweni ukucinga ukuba umntu ubeka izixhobo zebhayoloji phantsi kwendlu yakhe.
Kodwa izibhengezo ezingekho ngqiqweni zaziyinkqubo yemihla ngemihla. Ikliphu yevidiyo ibonisa i-ankile yeFox isithi รขโฌลOwayesakuba ngusonzululwazi wenyukliya wase-Iraq uxelele iCongress Iraq inokwakha iibhombu zenyukliya ezintathu ngo-2005.รข Kwaye awona mabali amnandi kuwo onke anikwa uDavid Rose kwiVanity Fair Magazine. Sibona ikliphu yakhe isithi "Uqeqesho lokugqibela yayikukuqhumisa umfanekiso opheleleyo womtshabalalisi wase-US kwichibi elikumbindi weIraq."
ULanday ugqabaza athi: รขโฌลOkanye ukutsibela kwimingxuma enamanzi amdaka uze ubulale inja ngamazinyo akho. Ndithetha ukuthi, oku kwakuphuma ebantwini, ababonakala kuwo onke la mabali, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha umgangatho wabo wawutshintsha.
Amaxwebhu omgunyathi avela eNiger ayengenakubonwa kobu buxoki. Ukuba bekukho amaxwebhu okwenyani abonisa ngokunyanisekileyo into ethile, enokuthi ivele kwaye ibambe ngakumbi. UWalcott uchaza indlela i-INC eya kuyondla ngayo ulwazi olufanayo kuSekela Mongameli kunye noNobhala wezoKhuselo ukuba yondla intatheli, kwaye intatheli iya kufumana amabango aqinisekisiwe ngokubiza i-White House okanye iPentagon. ULanday wongeza ngelithi: รขโฌลKwaye masingalibali indlela ababesondelelene ngayo aba bantu kolu lawulo, nto leyo ephakamisa umbuzo, ingaba bekukho ulungelelwaniso? Andinakukuxelela ukuba yayikhona, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo yayikhangeleka ngathi.รขโฌ
USimon ovela kwi-60 Minutes utshela uMoyers ukuba xa i-White House ithi i-9-11 i-hijacker idibene nommeli karhulumente wase-Iraq ePrague, i-60 Minutes yakwazi ukwenza iifowuni ezimbalwa kwaye yafumanisa ukuba akukho bungqina bebango. . "Ukuba besikhe sayidibanisa ePrague," utshilo, "kwaye safumanisa ukuba akukho bungqina bentlanganiso phakathi kuka-Mohammad Atta kunye nomntu wobuntlola wase-Iraq. Ukuba besiyazi loo nto, bekufuneka ucinge ukuba abaphathi bayayazi loo nto. Kanti babethengisa unxibelelwano phakathi kweAl Qaeda kunye neSaddam.รข
UMoyers ubuza abantu abaninzi malunga nomsebenzi wabo ombi, kubandakanya uDan Endaweni, uPeter Beinart, emva koko uSihlalo kunye ne-CEO ye-CNN Walter Isaacson. Kwaye ubuza uSimon, owalicoca ngokuthambileyo ibali kwaye wakuphepha ukuxela ukuba akukho bungqina.
I-Landay e-Knight Ridder inike ingxelo ngeenyani xa ibala, kodwa akukho bantu baneleyo abanikela ingqalelo. Utshela uMoyers ukuba konke okufuneka akwenze kukufunda iingxelo zabahloli bezixhobo ze-UN kwi-intanethi ukuze bazi ukuba i-White House ixoke kuthi. Xa uCheney wayesithi uHussein wayekufuphi ekufumaneni izixhobo zenyukliya, uLanday wayesazi ukuba uyaxoka: รขโฌลUfuna amashumi amawaka oomatshini ababizwa ngokuba yi-รขโฌหcentrifugesรขโฌโข ukuze bavelise iuranium etyetyisiweyo yesixhobo senyukliya. Ufanele ukuhlalisa abo bakwindawo enkulu ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye kufuneka unikeze isixa esikhulu samandla kolu ziko.
UMoyers uphinde wabetha uTim Russert ngemibuzo embalwa enzima. URussert uvakalise ukuzisola ngokungafaki amazwi athandabuzayo esithi unqwenela ukuba ifowuni yakhe ikhale. Ke, uMoyers uqala icandelo elilandelayo ngokuthi "uBob Simon akalindanga ukuba ikhale ifowuni," kwaye echaza ingxelo kaSimon. USimon uthi wayesazi ukuba amabango malunga neetyhubhu ze-aluminium zibuxoki kuba i-60 Minutes yabiza izazinzulu kunye nabaphandi kwaye yababuza. UHoward Kurtz weWashington Post uthi amabali athandabuzayo awazange abekwe kwiphepha elingaphambili kuba awayo "eqinisekileyo."
UMoyers ubonisa amacandelo amafutshane omboniso we-Oprah apho ahlala khona kuphela kwiindwendwe zemfazwe kwaye uthulisa umnxeba obuza amanye amabango e-White House. Kanye ngexesha lexesha lonyulo lwanaphakade, uMoyers ubandakanya iziqeshana zikaHillary Clinton kunye noJohn Kerry exhasa imfazwe ngesiseko sobuxoki bukaBush kunye noCheney. Kodwa sikwabona iziqeshana zikaRobert Byrd kunye noTed Kennedy zilungile.
IWashington Post yahlelwa ngokuthanda imfazwe amaxesha angama-27, kwaye yapapashwa ngo-2002 malunga namanqaku ayi-1,000 kunye neekholamu zemfazwe. Kodwa iPosi yanika umngcelele omkhulu wokulwa nemfazwe amagama angama-36. โEyona nto yafumana i-inki encinci,โ utsho uMoyers, โyayikukukhululwa kweNational Intelligence Estimate.โ Kwanenguqulelo elahlekisayo eyafunyanwa ngamajelo eendaba ayizange ikwazi ukuqhatha iliso elinenyameko.
ULanday ukhumbula oku: รขโฌลYathi uninzi lwabahlalutyi bakholelwa ukuba loo mibhobho yeyenkqubo yezixhobo zenyukliya. Noko ke, kufumaniseke ukuba uninzi lwabahlalutyi bobuntlola lwalungenalwazi ngezixhobo zenyukliya.โ Ngaba iLanday yayikuphela kwayo ekwaziyo ukuphawula oku?
Inkcazo-ntetho kaColin Powell ye-UN iza kwi-debunking ekhawulezayo efanayo. Sibukela ikliphu yevidiyo kaPowell ekhalaza ukuba i-Iraq igubungele indawo yovavanyo ngophahla. Kodwa intatheli ye-AP uCharles Hanley ugqabaza: รขโฌลInto angazange ayithethe kukuba abahloli babengaphantsi bebukele okwenzekayo.
U-Powell ucaphule iphepha lase-UK, kodwa kwakhawuleza kwavela ukuba eli phepha lakopa umsebenzi womfundi wasekholejini ofunyenwe kwi-intanethi. Iphephandaba laseBritani layichaza loo nto. I-US iye yayiyeka yatyibilika. Kodwa nabani na okhangela izibakala wayifumana ngokukhawuleza.
Imuvi emnandi kaMoyers yonakaliswe ngumgca omnye, olandelayo kwisivakalisi sokugqibela, apho athi: "Inani labantu baseIraq ababuleweyo, ngaphezulu kwama-35,000 kulo nyaka uphelileyo kuphela, kunzima ukulichaza." umfanekiso wawunokufunyanwa ngokulula kakhulu.
UDavid Swanson ungumdali we-MeetWithCindy.org, umseki we-AfterDowningStreet.org yomanyano, umbhali kunye nomlweli, kunye noMlawuli waseWashington weDemocrats.com. Ulilungu lebhodi yeProgressive Democrats yaseMelika, kwaye ukhonza kwiBhunga eliLawulayo leWashington-Baltimore Newspaper Guild, TNG-CWA. Usebenze njengentatheli yephephandaba kunye nomlawuli wezonxibelelwano, kunye nemisebenzi equka uNobhala we-Press we-Dennis Kucinich's 2004 iphulo lobumongameli, uMququzeleli weMedia we-International Labour Communications Association, kunye neminyaka emithathu njengoMququzeleli wezoNxibelelwano we-ACORN, uMbutho woLuntu. Imibutho yoHlaziyo ngoku. USwanson wafumana isidanga seMasters kwifilosofi kwiDyunivesithi yaseVirginia ngo-1997. www.davidswanson.org.
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